Which of the following statements best describes Starling's hypothesis (Starling Equation, not the Frank-Starling relationship)? O A. Starling's hypothesis describes the relationship between stroke volume and heart rate in response to changes in preload. OB. Starling's hypothesis states that the amount of oxygen released from hemoglobin increases as the partial pressure of carbon dioxide decreases. OC. Starling's hypothesis suggests that the artieriolar resistance acts to promote the movement of fluid and solutes between the blood and interstitial fluid. O D. Starling's hypothesis proposes that the net movement of fluid across the capillary wall is determined by the balance between hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure gradients. O E. Starling's hypothesis states that the viscosity of a fluid will determine the flow rate in a closed system with increasing entropy.
Anatomy and Physiology of Special Sensory Organs
Sensory organs can be labeled as special sensory structures that permit sight, hearing, odor, and flavor. Sensory structures permitting proprioception, touch, thermal, and pain perception can be classified as more advanced sensory organs. The sensory neurons are trained to find out modifications in the external and internal conditions so that a person's body can react to that change. A stimulus is the first signal that is recognized by any sensory receptor of the body. Stimulus is an impulse generated when there is a change in the surroundings of a person. For example, a heated environment will alert the brain through the thermal sensory organs and generate a reflex accordingly.
Sensory Receptors
The human sensory system is one of the most complex and highly evolved structures, which processes a myriad of incoming messages. This well-coordinated system helps an organism or individual to respond to external stimuli, appropriately. The sensory receptors are an important part of the sensory system. These receptors are specialized epidermal cells that respond to external environmental stimuli. These receptors consist of structural and support cells that form the peripheral unit of the receptor and the neural dendrites which receive and detect the external stimuli.
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