Which type of mutation doesnt affect the ability of an organism to pass on its alleles to the next generation? a) beneficial mutation b) positve mutation c) deleterious mutation d) neutral mutation
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Which type of mutation doesnt affect the ability of an organism to pass on its alleles to the next generation?
a) beneficial mutation
b) positve mutation
c) deleterious mutation
d) neutral mutation
I have also attached a question down below. Please let me know if there is are any mistakes as I have a test tomorrow
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- Choose the best below ? The northern elephant seal went through a severe population declineas a result of hunting in the late 1800s. As a result of a hunting ban,the population has rebounded but is now homozygous for nearlyevery gene studied. a. mutationb. natural selectionc. founder effectd. bottlenecke. gene flowf. nonrandom matingMatch the description with the correct term.A. the idea that inherent variation in a population allows for certain traits to be selected and carried on to future generations of the population experiencing an environmental pressureB.organisms that do not have a common ancestry but develop body parts that perform the same functionC. a model suggesting the gradual change of a species to form distinct speciesD. the idea that all living things on Earth share a common ancestorE. a common ancestor adapts and results in various speciesF. two populations become reproductively isolated (can no longer reproduce successfully)1.speciation 2. adaptive radiation 3. analogous structures 4.theory of evolution 5. gradualism 6. theory of natural selection6. You have identified an autosomal gene that contributesto tail size in male guppies, with a dominant allele B forlarge tails and a recessive allele b for small tails. Femaleguppies of all genotypes have similar tail sizes. Youknow that female guppies usually mate with males withthe largest tails, but the effects of population densityand the ratio of the sexes on this preference have notbeen studied. You therefore place an equal number ofmales in three tanks. In tank 1, the number of femalesis twice the number of males. In tank 2, the numbers ofmales and females are equal. In tank 3, half as manyfemales as males are present. After mating, you findthe following proportions of small-tailed males amongthe progeny: tank 1, 16%; tank 2, 25%; tank 3, 30%.a. In your original population (before the animals wereplaced in the three tanks), 25% of the males havesmall tails. Assuming that the allele frequencies inmales and females are the same, calculate the frequencies of B and b in your…
- If you go back 40 generations into your biologicalancestry:a. How many ancestors are you predicted to have?b. How could you reconcile that prediction with thefact that the world’s population of humans is nowroughly 7 billion people?Three basic predictions underlie genetic drift in populations: (1) As long as the population size is finite,some level of genetic drift will occur; thus, withoutnew mutations, all variation will drift either to fixationor to loss. (2) Drift happens faster in small populationsthan in large populations. (3) The probability that anallele is fixed (goes to a frequency of 1.0) is equal toits initial frequency (p) in the population, while itsprobability of loss from the population due to drift isequal to 1 − p. Given these three predictions:a. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 100,000?b. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 10?c. In which population does the new mutation have ahigher probability of going to fixation by chancewith genetic drift?Microevolution is defined as a change inallele frequencies in a population over generations. Please explainwhat an allele is, in genetic terms. Name the three major factorsinvolved in allele frequency changes in populations. Describe, indetail, how natural selection works on individuals, while evolutionoccurs in populations. Include a real or hypothetical example ofthe process of natural selection in your answer other thaninsects and insecticide! Identify the specific natural selectionpressure and the specific trait being selected for in yourexample.
- 1. Animals that possess homologous characteristics Group of answer choices a. by chance had the same mutations in the past b. share a common ancestor that also had the characteristic c. are less related than if the characteristics were homoplastic d. evolved the characteristics independently e. are not related 2. In a population of Scrub Jays, the frequency of a recessive allele that results in short tail feathers in homozygous individuals is 0.5. When you survey the population for tail phenotypes, you find that 70 percent of adult scrub jays have short tail feathers. What is most likely true based on these numbers? Group of answer choices a.Short tail feathers appear to be neither helpful nor harmful in this population b.The population is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for this trait c. The short tail feathers are likely maladaptive and are allowing predators to capture the scrub-jays d. Having short tail feathers in this population is in…Which of the following is a factor that, by itself, does not promotewidespread changes in allele or genotype frequencies?a. New mutationb. Natural selectionc. Genetic driftd. Migratione. Nonrandom mating2) Whichofthefollowingarenon-demographiccharacteristicsofstudypopulations? A) Sex B) Weight range C) Ethnicity D) Location of residency
- House sparrows (Maya) were introduced to North America in 1852. Since that time thesparrows have evolved different characteristics in different locations. Sparrow populations inthe north are larger-bodied than sparrow populations in the south. This divergence inpopulations is probably at least partly a result of natural selection: larger-bodied birds canoften survive lower temperatures than smaller-bodied birds can. Colder weather in the northmay select for larger-bodied birds. What type of evolution based on natural selectionaccounts for this observation? Explain your answer.If these conditions held constant – what would the expected heterozygosity be in thepopulation today (2018 to deal with a clean integer value for generations)?1b. In 1884 the population had grown to 106 when disaster struck the island. Of the 19 adult menon the island, 15 were in the same fishing boat that capsized, leaving only 4 adult men alive onthe island. These desperate times may have changed the sex ratio of the breeding population onthe island. Let’s say that now, each man fathered children with an average of 1.5 differentwomen (male:female ratio of 1:1.5). If we start back with a heterozygosity of 0.5 from this point,given the effective population size on Tristan da Cunha, what is the expected heterozygosity inthe current population 7 generations later?1c. The scenarios described in 1a and 1b are examples of which two evolutionary phenomena,respectively?Natural selection tends to work toward genetic unity;the genotypes that are most fit produce the mostoffspring and increase the frequency of adaptive allelesin the population. Yet there remains a great deal ofvariability within the populations of species. Describethe factors that contribute to this genetic variability. Provide the link of references