Q: What are human papillomaviruses (HPVs)?
A: An infection that causes warts in varied elements of the body, betting on the strain.
Q: How can type IV pili facilitate pathogenesis? What are hami?
A: Pathogenesis is characterized as the origin and development of a disease. In many cases, the tissue…
Q: Considering that Staphylococcus epidermidis does not typically cause disease in a healthy person,…
A: Plasmids are small, self-replicating, extrachromosomal, circular double stranded DNA molecules…
Q: Only approximately 70% of norovirus outbreaks meet the Kaplan criteria, and therefore it is often…
A: The Kaplan criteria are a set of criteria based on clinical symptoms and epidemiology to see whether…
Q: discuss the laboratory diagnosis of kyasanur virus
A: It is a zoonotic viral disease caused by infection by a flavivirus. It is transmitted to humans…
Q: Why is MRSA not confined to transmission only in hospitals?
A: MRSA is the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus that is a resistant strain of S. aureus. It…
Q: How can UTI transmission be reduced or prevented?
A: Urinary Tract Infections - UTI is one of the most common infections encountered almost in every age…
Q: Why are staphylococcal infections becoming increasingly difficult to treat?
A: Staphylococci are Gram-positive spherical bacteria that occur in the form of grape-like clusters.…
Q: How long does it take for SSPE to appear after the initial infection
A: SSPE/ Dawson's disease: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a chronic progressive neurological…
Q: Reterovirusses do not follow central dogma why?
A: The central dogma is the process by which the instructions in DNA are converted into a functional…
Q: Why do viruses become less virulent?
A: Viruses are microscopic agents that can replicate only inside host cells. They can infect all types…
Q: What conditions are necessary to cultivate viruses in the laboratory?
A: A virus is a very small submicroscopic agent that is known for causing infections in its host…
Q: What type of virus is most likely to be transmitted by vaccinationguns and acupuncture tools?
A: A virus is an infectious agent which need hosts body for its survival. It contains a single nucleic…
Q: why is chickenpox significant in the field of microbiology, supporting response with real-world
A: Chickenpox is caused by the Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) which belongs to the family of herpes…
Q: Why is the skin not always a favorable microenvironment for colonization by bacteria?
A: Bacteria can be defined as the single-cell organisms that are neither plants nor animals.
Q: How can a person acquire a viral infection?
A: Viruses are infectious agents that need a host cell to replicate and multiply. Viruses are composed…
Q: What characteristics of enteric viruses cause them to be readilytransmissible?
A: Enteric viruses are those human viruses. It is primarily transmitted by the fecal-oral route, either…
Q: What is the function of the major product of the unedited Ebola virus glycoprotein gene during…
A: The Ebola virus first emerged in 1976. Since then it has caused hemorrhagic fever in many countries.…
Q: Which pathogen is most likely to be treated with antibiotics?
A: Antibiotics are a particular type of medicine that helps stop infections caused by bacteria. They…
Q: why are non-enveloped viruses generally more resistant to disinfectants than are enveloped viruses?
A: Viruses are small microscopic organisms usually containing RNA as a genome that is coverd by a…
Q: Describe the four steps in a lytic phage infection.
A: A virus is a submicroscopic organism which contains genetic information either in the form of DNA…
Q: Why is it only necessary to include the exotoxin (in toxoid form) in vaccines for tetanus and…
A: Exotoxin are the toxins produced by bacteria without cell lysis these toxin causes disease in the…
Q: Why are there so many deaths from influenza when it is generally a mild disease?
A: Influenza or more commonly known as flu is caused mostly by the Influenza A virus. The symptoms of…
Q: Viruses cannot be grown on any inanimate culture medium. Explain.
A: Viruses are ultra-microscopic organisms that are inert outside living organism. They are obligate…
Q: How does hantavirus spread
A: The hantavirus belongs to the family of Bunyaviridae. Hantavirus is a type of virus that causes…
Q: How can the Kuru disease be managed and prevented?
A: Here we provide the ways to manage and prevent the kuru disease.
Q: What is resistant to viral infection?
A: Introduction : IFNs are a type of released protein that has antiviral, antiproliferative, and…
Q: What would be the best type of vaccine for cholera?
A: The vaccine constitutes killed whole-cell V. cholerae O1 in coordination with a recombinant…
Q: List two to three qualities of the norovirus that make it so infectious.
A: The Norovirus comes under the Calciviridae classification of viruses. It is a highly contagious…
Q: how immunosuppression drugs reactivate herpes simplex virus?
A: Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), HSV-1 and HSV-2 causes severe Infections and is a large DNA virus. These…
Q: what host cell is most important in HIV-1 progression to AIDS and why?
A: A Cell that offers shelter and food to an international organism is known as a Host Cell. When two…
Q: What is a reasonable treatment for an E. coli infection
A: Interferons are used against viruses, so they are widely used for the treatment of chronic viral…
Q: Which is resistant to more drugs: MRSA or VRSA?
A: Introduction S. aureus has the ability to develop resistance to antibiotics which creates a problem…
Q: Explain why antibacterial drugs are not effective againstvirus infections.
A: Antibacterial drugs are drugs that are designed to kill the pathogenic bacteria and the infected…
Q: What are some of the disadvantages of using natural penicillin for treatment of infections?
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that control or inhibit the growth of microorganisms,…
Q: In the hospital setting, how effective is handwashing compared to hand sanitizer at controlling the…
A: Hands are the important vector in the transmission of the COVID-19 virus because the virus can…
Q: Why are staphylococci well suited for the colonization of skin?
A: Staphylococcus is a gram positive bacteria. Bacteria are microscopic single-celled prokaryotes that…
Q: Include a labeled picture of Filovirus Marburg
A: Answer
Q: What are the socio-economic implications from antibiotic resistant to Malaysian populations and what…
A: When bacteria become resistant to the antibiotics intended to kill them, antibiotic resistance…
Q: How is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resistant to disinfectants and antiseptics?
A: Antimicrobial agents that are used to destroy or kill the pathogenic microorganism on the surface of…
Q: Cytomegalovirus has the ability to move between adjacent cells: How does Cytomagalovirus contribute…
A: Cytomegalovirus continues to be an important pathogen in a variety of patient groups especially the…
Q: What or where is / are the Preferred site(s) of infection for the Norovirus, and what is the…
A: Noroviruses are thought to be the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis like diarrhea and…
Q: Why are hantaviruses considered a major public health problemin the United States?
A: Hantaviruses are responsible for causing a deadly respiratory illness, also known as Hantavirus…
Q: Explain the four steps in a lytic phage infection.
A: Bacteriophage is a bacteria-eating virus. A bacteriophage's structure is similar to that of a…
Why is handwashing an important means to control the spread of norovirus?
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- Why is poliovirus spread so effectively?Why is it only necessary to include the exotoxin (in toxoid form) in vaccines for tetanus and botulism?Considering that CMV infects 50% of the adult population in the United States and 100% of the population in many other countries, why is there so little Cytomegalovirus disease in the world?
- What will happen if there is a shortage of chemical reagent used to test coronavirus? How will it affect the individuals and community?Cytomegalovirus has the ability to move between adjacent cells: How does Cytomagalovirus contribute to the virulence of the pathogen?Reterovirusses do not follow central dogma why?