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- The Alaska Department of Public Health was notified that foodborne illness had occurred in fishermen aboard a fishing boat off the Alaska peninsula. The fishermen had eaten steamed clams and mussels, boiled rice, boiled potatoes, and green salad. No alcohol was consumed. Symptoms experienced by the fishermen included numbness of the lips, tingling of the extremities, uncoordinated movements, incoherent speech, and nausea. Identify the etiologic (causative) agent of this outbreak of food poisoning. How did the food get contaminated, and what item was contaminated? What is the treatment, if any? How could this illness have been prevented?For which one of the following enteric illnesses is a chronic carrier state most likely to develop? Cholera Campylobacter enterocolitis Typhoid fever Shigella enterocolitis ETEC enterocolitisMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is which of the followinonly spread through sneezing.the causative agent of pseudomembranous colitis.only found in someone who is ill.present in at least 10% of people's skin, mouth or nose.
- After experiencing recurrent bacterial infections, you diagnose your patient, Mrs. Watts, with non immune mediated neutropenia. So which of the following would you prescribe to treat her condition (the bacterial infection)? (Please note: she is in generally good health and please think about the possible side effects of your medications.)a. tetracyclineb. streptomycinc. staphylococcal enterotoxin Bd. cyclosporinee. diflucanA 29-year-old woman develops an exfoliate rash with painful joints, anemia, and nephritis while being treated for a first episode of a urinary tract infection. Which of the following drugs is responsible for these effects? Ciprofloxacin Polymyxin B Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole NitrofurantoinIn bone marrow culture, immobile, non-hemolyzed, oxidase, catalase, and urease positive gram negative cocobacillar were detected. Which of the following is the most likely factor in this patient?a) Legionella pneumophilab) Brucella mellitensisc) Bordetella bronchisepticad) Salmonella typhimuriume) Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
- A 44-year-old Nigerian man was admitted as an emergency while visiting relatives in England. His symptoms include abdominal pain, sweating, rigors and vomiting. Had been treated twice for malaria but had never taken malarial prophylaxis. Examination revealed he is ill and jaundiced, temperature of 39.2°C, blood pressure was 90/70, but no signs of visceral perforation. Differential diagnosis include– occult gastrointestinal bleeding, septicaemia, hepatitis or recurrence of malaria Emergency investigations: normal haemoglobin (140g/l), white cell count of 6.1 x 109/l, sickle-cell anaemia (excluded), thick blood film Treatment: intravenous quinine. Unfortunately the Px rapidly deteriorated over the next 30h leading to cardiac arrest. Post-mortem diagnosis: Cerebral Malaria QUESTION: 1.What is your final diagnosis here? Explain the cause of his disease. 2. What drug, dosage form, schedule, and duration of therapy are best for treating patients with this condition?A 3-year-old severely ill child was admitted to a hospital withsymptoms of diarrhea, fever, and malaise. Laboratory testing showedabnormal renal and liver values and anemia. She had no history ofprevious illness, and her food history was a recent meal of teriyakibeef consumed at a local restaurant.a. What was the probable pathogen?b. What was the likely source?c. What is the pathologic effect of the pathogen?Describe the pathophysiology of the peptic ulcer caused by Helicobacter the of bacterial survival in the stomach acid pH.
- All of the following are true about Clostridium tetani, thecausative agent of tetanus, EXCEPT:(a) They are spore-forming rods.(b) They are part of the normal bowel microflora of horses,cattle, and humans.(c) They produce a powerful exotoxin that mediates thedisease.(d) Their toxin elicits muscle stiffness, spasms, and paralysisin the victim.(e) They require oxygen to survive.Which one of the following organisms is most commonly implicated in acute hematogenous osteomyelitis() A) Serratia marcescens B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa C) Escherichia coli D) Staphylococcus epidermidis E) Staphylococcus aureusThe general public takes for granted the link between an infectious agent and a given infection Discuss the requirements established by Koch, the nineteenth-century German scientist, before ascertaining, for instance, that Helicobacter pylori bacterium is the cause of the gastric ulcer. Why is it so essential to meet these conditions?