You and your lab partner have prepared a frog nerve for gathering data on action potentials. You connect an electronic stimulator to the nerve and ask your partner togradually increase the voltage until you see an action potential. Your partner says that the voltage knob is stuck and will not increase the voltage. To finally get an actionpotential, they begin to trouble shoot and instead of increasing the voltage, they begin to simulate the nerve over and over again and see an action potential. What type ofsummation is this describing?action potentialsgraded potentialsspatial summationtemporal summationO threshold

When an a nerve or neuron is stimulated an action potential is fired as a response to simulation.…

Answered: your parther to nd your lab partner…

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3TAHL

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the bacterium clostridium tetani produce a toxin called tetanospasmin, the causative agent os the disease tetanus. the toxin prevents the release of inhibitory transmitters in the CNS and so blocks the resulting IPSPs they would normally generate. what are some of the functions of inhibitory synapses? considering this what symptoms would you expect from the disease tetanus, and why? ( hint: imagine trying to stand up if all of the muscles in your lower limb contracted at the same time.)
In the laboratory, researchers can apply an electrical stimulus at any point along the axon, making action potentials travel in both directions from the point of stimulation. An action potential moving in the usual direction, away from the axon hillock, is said to be traveling in the orthodromic direction. An action potential traveling toward the axon hillock is traveling in the antidromic direction. If we started an orthodromic action potential at the axon hillock and an antidromic action potential at the opposite end of the axon, what would happen when they met at the center? Why?
Suppose axon A enters a ganglion (cluster of neurons) and axon B leaves on the other side. Shortly after an experimenter stimulates A, an impulse travels down B. We want to know whether B is just an extension of axon A or whether A formed an excitatory synapse on some neuron in the ganglion, whose axon is axon B. How could an experimenter determine the answer? Try to think of more than one good method. Presume that the anatomy within the ganglion is so complex that you cannot simply observe the course of an axon through it.
Which of the following would occur if a neuron was experimentally stimulated simultaneously at both ends? The action potentials would pass in the middle and travel to the opposite ends The action potentials would stop as they meet in the middle. The stronger action potential would override the weaker action potential. Summation would occur when the action potentials meet in the middle, resulting in a larger action potential.
Applying a pressure stimulus to the fluid-filled capsule of an isolated Pacinian corpuscle causes a brief burst of action potentials in the afferent neuron, which ceases until the pressure is removed, at which time another brief burst of action potentials occurs. If an experimenter removes the capsule and applies pressure directly to the afferent neuron ending, action potentials are continuously fired during the stimulus. Explain these results in the context ofadaptation.
Which of the following is true regarding the difference between graded and action potentials? a.) Action potential occur only when the surface of the neuron is myelinated, but graded potentials occur in both in both myelinated and non-myelinated neurons. b.) The magnitude of action potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas graded potentials are all or none. c.) The magnitude of graded potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas action potentials are all or none.
Based on the graph, how soon could another action potential be easily initiated (at the end of the relative refractory period) after the first stimulus? (Base your answer to this question on the graph below depicting an action potential.) less than 0.5 msec 1 msec 2 msec 3 msec 4 msec
Sense of smell, also known as olfaction, is the ability to perceive and interpret odours. When a chemical molecule interacts with an odour-receptor protein located on the sensory neuron in the nose, an action potential is triggered and sent along the axon. The interaction between a chemical molecule and an odour-receptor protein will first initiate the movement of _____A______ ______B_____ the _____C______ of the _____D_____ neuron. Using the numbers given below, identify A to D. A B C D Chlorine ions Potassium ions Sodium ions Into Out of Axon Dendrite Axon terminal Nodes of Ranvier Interneuron Motor neuron Sensory neuron A: AnswerB: AnswerC: AnswerD: Answer
What terms denotes a sudden change (depolarization and repolarization) in the electrical properties of the neuron membrane? Action potential Synaptic transmission Event-related potential Postsynaptic potential ------------------------------------ You step on a brick, ouch. What type of nerve will bring the signal from your foot to your brain? Somatic afferent Somatic efferent automatic afferent automatic afferent ---------------------------------------------- A given neurotransmitter is inhibitory. What might its receptors do? Allow positive ions to enter the cell Allow negative ions to enter the cell Allow positive ions to leave the cell B and C
What effect would you expect an antagonist that targets the voltage sensing domain of perisynaptic calcium channels of an inhibitory interneuron have on the firing frequency of a finically active neuron that interneuron synapses onto? Explain in details
If an excitatory neurotransmitter binds to the post-synaptic neuron, what type of an event will that cause? What happens if the neurotransmitter is an inhimitory neurotransmitter? What type of ion will move into the post-synaptic neuron? What type of polarizing event will occur? and What happen at the axon hillock?
What two types of macromolecules are the main components of myelin? a. carbohydrates and lipids b. proteins and nucleic acids c. lipids and proteins d. carbohydrates and nucleic acids

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