Acute kidney injury

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is often characterized by a rapid decline in renal excretory function, and/or a significant decrease in urine output (SOURCE). The exact level of function loss required to be defined as AKI has been debated; however, the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) has released a widely accepted system used to define AKI and its varying levels of severity (1). The stages of AKI severity are classified as: risk, injury, failure, loss of function, and end-stage kidney disease, collectively

Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury Pathophysiology The human body has paired kidneys at the back of the abdominal wall. The kidneys play an important role in filtering blood, removing wastes and maintaining the body’s electrolyte and fluid balance by means of creating urine. Kidneys also play a crucial duty in producing red blood cells and regulating blood pressure by the secretion of hormones (Huether & McCance, 2012). Kidney function is vital for life and the disruption of function could be detrimental

Acute kidney injury (AKI, previously referred to as acute renal failure) is a common and serious condition particularly among hospitalized patients with acute illness and those undergoing major surgery.It can be life-threatening but it can also be reversible. Clinically AKI is characterized by abrupt loss of kidney function resulting in a rapid decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR),water and electrolytes imbalance, and accumulation of nitrogenous wastes such as blood-urea nitrogen and creatinine

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical issue but the understanding of the syndrome has been re-evaluated, standardised and aprimorated in the past years. The change from acute renal failure to AKI happened due the fact the even mild change in function or structure of the kidney can cause abrupt clinical manifestations such as change in extracellular volume and electrolytes balance and inability to properly excrete nitrogenous waste products like urea. The old terminology is used now saved

ABSTRACT Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a critical complication after pediatric cardiac surgery that significantly diminishes the quality of life. Early detection of AKI after pediatric cardiac surgery can lead to better preventive and therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as an early marker of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in pediatric cardiac patients. We measured serum

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) refers to the rapid decline of renal filtration and urine production. Damage is often due to an injury, causing functional and/or structural deviations in the kidney. This can lead to complications such an increased risk of chronic kidney disease, or it can affect other organ systems. Additionally, AKI can potentially lead to death. Hypoxia (deficiency of the amount of oxygen reaching tissues) often causes inflammation of the kidney, creating damage. Purpose of Research:

HPHG7004: Acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery Title: An exploration of the physiological changes during and after cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery that result in acute kidney injury Introduction Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may offer an alternative to open heart surgery for the treatment of symptomatic ischaemic heart disease, however this less invasive method of revascularisation is not indicated for each individual. For patients with complex lesions or multi-vessel coronary

Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery is a well-known complication that occurs in up to 30% of patients(1,2). Severe acute renal failure, which requires renal replacement therapy, is associated with a very high mortality(60-100%) when treated with the usual intermittent hemodialysis(3–5) . However, the introduction of continuous renal replacement therapy has resulted in significant improvement in outcome as well reduction in mortality(1,5). One such form of continuous

The explanation for presentation of this group is multifactorial including advanced stage of heart failure, old age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, acute coronary syndrome, secondary to aggressive diuresis as supported by increased use of loop and potassium sparing diuretics and an intrinsic imbalance between the vasoconstrictive (epinephrine, angiotensin, endothelin) and vasodilatory hormones (natriuretic

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a fatal kidney disorder typically caused by renal ischemia, a condition in which the kidneys do not receive enough blood. This syndrome is fatal and new therapeutic strategies are needed to treat patients who have this syndrome. When the kidney goes through acute injury, some regeneration occurs. replacing the damaged kidney cells and renal progenitor cells (RPC) are a key player in kidney repair, however, they are very rare. Another method which can be used for regeneration