Background radiation equivalent time

University of Portsmouth Applied Physics BSc (Hons) U20283 Applied Physics Project OPTIMIZATION OF RADIATION SPECTROSCOPY EQUIPMENT FOR AIRBORNE RADIONUCLIDES 645137 Supervisor(s) DSTL - Laurence Jones University of Portsmouth - Dr. Chris Dewdney PROPOSAL & INITIAL LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction, Aims and Objectives Defence Science Technology Laboratory (DSTL) is investigating the potential for aerial monitoring of gamma rays (ɣ-rays) from airborne particulate contamination

X-rays Science Assessment 9B History X-rays are used for medical purposes. They are a form of radiation named electromagnetic waves (EM Radiation). They are used to take pictures of the insides of the human body which come out in black and white. The X-ray was first developed in 1895 by a man named Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. While He was working with a cathode-ray tube in his laboratory, Roentgen observed a fluorescent glow of crystals on a nearby table close to his tubes. The tube that he was

Radiation has always been in everyday life even before Roentgen discovered x-ray. The mountains give off natural radiation, other forms of radiation are coal burning power plants, x-rays from a TV, and an airplane ride. The average dose from background radiation is about 360 mrem every year. There are two types of radiation, nonionizing and ionizing radiation. Examples of nonionizing radiation are microwaves and radio waves broadcasting. Ionizing radiation refers to gamma and x-rays. Ionizing radiation

INTRODUCTION Radiation procedures used to diagnose medical conditions over the past century have grown from a scientific curiosity to a pervasive, essential part of modern health care. Radiology originated with ionizing radiation to diagnose human disease, however since discovering the physiological risks associated with ionizing radiation, such as mutation/cancer, an ongoing controversy arises as to whether ionizing radiation should be used in medical diagnosis. This investigation will analyze

Definitions Acute effects: Results from high doses of radiation (whole body) normally more than 100 rad. It may cause transient illness to death. ALARA principle: Efforts to minimize the amount of radiation “As low as reasonable achievable.” Background radiation: Ionizing radiation, both naturally occurring and artificial, present in the environment. Cell recovery: Depending on time, interval, dose and sensitivity of affected cells to radiation, the cells may repair themselves and recover from

shorted out the power of many nuclear reactors resulting in a leak. There was no deaths or radiation sickness due to the people evacuating very quickly. Many wildlife has been affected although, mainly sea animals because the water had been contaminated and spread throughout their sea front. Fukushima had to try their best to repair all the problems caused by radiation to return. The major problem about radiation is the effect on animals. When the contamination goes into a insect or water creature it

Yuhan Wang (1238134) Section: AO ESS 102 Research Paper Due: Thursday, January 29th 2015 Radiation Exposure for Astronauts My science fiction article is taking the success of “Apollo 11”, the first time of human landing on the moon, as the background. That year, 1969, is also during the Cold War between the governments of the Soviet Union and the United States. And this victory, neither convinced Soviet Aeroflot of their lagging behind in the space race, nor explained well the “flaws” of collected

and side effect of nuclear medicine is crucial due to its significant and ongoing contribution to the medical field. Throughout this paper focus will be placed on how radioactivity has benefited the detection, control and at times, complete elimination of cancer. Background Nuclear medicine is a medical speciality whereby radiopharmaceuticals – drugs containing radioactive materials called radioisotopes – are given to a patient in order to determine the severity of or treat a variety of diseases

required for patients during their childhood. Can having this radiation during the formative years lead to adverse effects later in life? The biggest concern from radiation is the risk of cancer. Cancer can occur at any dose from ionizing radiation because it is a stochastic effect, meaning that it is probabilistic. The probability of a stochastic effect, such as cancer, increases as the dose increases. While receiving this radiation may be necessary, it can cause some serious trouble later in life

to a long-term space mission and remain in the reduced-gravity environment for a long time, there are some potential harmful influence to the bones, which include bone lose, accelerated loss of bone minerals and increased chances for renal stones. It is also notifiable that reduced-gravity environment can, to some extent, give rise to possible post mission bone fractures. There are some evidence and background to prove that there is strong correlation between space flight and bone abnormality. First