Hemoglobin

Alyscia and Devon Summary A 4-year-old male of African American/Tunisian descent presented with pain of the hands, feet, and upper right quadrant of the abdomen following 3 hours of moderate to heavy physical exertion. Upon physical examination the boy presented with an enlarged spleen. Pre-screening indicates signs of sickle cell anemia (SCA). Patient’s mother reports no family history; however, paternal aunt passed away at an early age. Ask What are the screen types for SCA, as well

passed down to their kids. Kids and parents may never know for a fact if they have the gene or not that is why doctors recommend getting checked out for sickle cell genes. To check for sickle cell genes doctors use a special blood test called a hemoglobin electrophoresis. All newborns get screened and tested for sickle disease. It is required in every state to have your newborn tested for sickle cell

are involved with sickle cell disease. When hydroxyurea is given at an optimal maximum dose, it will act on the BCL11A gene and increase the fetal hemoglobin concentrations. There are a total of 5 SNPs that are associated with the BCL11A gene. Some parameters that were observed are differences in pharmacodynamic effects (PD), percent fetal hemoglobin (%HbF) and maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Hydroxyurea positively affected all of these parameters. It also helped tolerate the symptomatic effects of

Sickle cell disease is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin-Beta gene found on chromosome 11. Red blood cells with normal hemoglobin (hemoglobin-A) are smooth and round and glide through blood vessels, but the ones infected with sickle cell tend to be more of a crescent shape and don't slide as easy. To get the disease you must receive two of the genes from your parents. If you only have one you will have what is called Sickle Cell trait but there are no symptoms or problems for most people.

bones and backs. Sickle cell is caused by a protein that is abnormal called hemoglobin S which causes the shape of red blood cells to change into a sickle or crescent type shape. (George Buchanan, 2010) Cells in tissues need a steady supply of oxygen to work well. Normally, hemoglobin in red blood cells takes up oxygen in the lungs and carries it to all the tissues of the body. Red blood cells that contain normal hemoglobin are disc shaped (like a doughnut without a hole). This shape allows the cells

When children are born; for about 6-12 months they shouldn’t have any problems with their health, this is because they have a special hemoglobin that protects the hemoglobin from sickle problems. This hemoglobin releases oxygen to any hemoglobin under stress preventing complications. This medicine works the exact same, as the blood when the medicine is used, looks the same of that of a baby. It is not a cure, but if taken regularly, it can

characterize by abnormal hemoglobin. The red blood cells in sickle cell disease are rigid and sickle shape. Many complications arise due to the sickle shaped cells because these cells are not flexible as compare to normal red blood cells and and causes destruction and blockage of red blood flow. The most common form of sickle cell disease is autosomal recessive disorder is sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia was first described by J. Herrick in 1910 (1) and he found that the hemoglobin plays important

of the hemoglobin gene (Winter). People with SCD

continuous expression of the fetal hemoglobin, which has led in these patients the ability to overcome the usual clinical manifestations of this syndrome. (4-7) After these initial observations, it was later discovered that insufficient production of b-globin chain in infants with B-thalassemia can be compensated by incrementing the production of the B-like globin, g-globin. The g-globin can pair up with the a-gobin chains to form HbF. This increased fetal hemoglobin can provide a balanced recovery

Conclusion Question #2 Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle cell anemia is a disorder that is caused by the abnormal shape of hemoglobin cells in the body. In lecture we learned that hemoglobin is the molecule that is present in red blood cells. Hemoglobin is responsible for supplying oxygen to other cells throughout the body. Red blood cells are normally rounded in shape, defected cells are in a long shafted shape, which gives the disease its name. When red blood cells sickle, they break down which causes