Labelling

Labelling A label defines an individual as a certain kind of person. Defining an act as deviant or criminal is not a simple straight forward process. A label is not neutral, it contains an evaluation of the person to whom it is applied. It is a ‘Master Status’ in the sense that it overshadows all the other statuses possessed by the individual. If an individual is labelled as criminal, mentally ill or gay, such labels tend to override the individuals status as father, husband, worker, friend

The labelling theory stems from major influences, such as, Cooley, Mead, Tannenbaum, Lemert and Becker. In 1963, Howard S. Becker published ‘Outsiders’ which sheds light on the definitions of crime and the implications the labelling theory has. He uses the name ‘outsider’ as a double meaning to describe someone who has broken the rules that are being enforced and the people who are sticking to them. The labelling theory states that what makes a person a criminal is not the harm of the act but the

the impact of discrimination, labelling and stigma has on mental health people in health and social care. It has been documented that there are certain people who are stigmatized and mental health people often have a negative stereotype (Nordt et al., 2006). This negativity will often deter the mental health individuals to seek the help and medical treatment that they need due to the fear of stigmatisation and labelling. Literature highlights that stigma, labelling and discrimination are linked

issue of stigma and labelling within healthcare is one in which a lot of discussion has occurred. Stigma indicates a collection of usually negative attitudes, beliefs, thoughts and behaviours that may influence the way individuals see themselves or even the publics perception of them. This may cause the public to fear, reject, avoid and discriminate against the individual (Gary, 2005). To label an individual in society as different or deviant applies a stigma (Goffman, 1963) Labelling as a theory is the

Labelling theory explains that young people that are labelled deviant will conform to such a label (Young, 1971). Labelling theory (Young, 1971) suggests that when a factor of a subculture is criminalised, those who identify with the subculture will identify with these deviant factors also. This was seen in the hippy subculture where cannabis became part of the culture's identity by the use of labelling through media messaging (Becker, 1963). In more current research labelling theory can be looked

returning to the non-deviant role once the label has been applied. Labelling is seen as an important cause of ongoing residual deviance. Being mentally ill is of course not the only way of being deviant in society. The essential point of Scheff's theory is that the person recognised as mentally ill is the deviant for which society does not provide an explicit label. Labelling someone as mentally ill is defined by residual rule-breaking. Labelling theory has been challenged for several reasons. These include

The notion of labelling theory was first created in the 1960s and gained popularity towards the late 1960s and early 1970s. The term was first applied “mentally ill” in 1966 when Thomas Scheff published his article Being Mentally Ill. Labelling theory explains a great importance in respect to drug use. Although labelling theory does not fully explain why initial drug use occurs, it does detail the process by which many people find themselves as socially deviant from others (Glen R. Hanson, University

What is defined as deviance can be dependent on one’s subjective views which can be influence the study of crime and reliability of crime statistics. Within my essay I’ll be exploring the effects of labelling on deviant behaviour, and the ways in which views differ due to the influence of various groups within society and the influence of the media on societies interpretation of deviance. Deviance is understood to be behaviour which deviates from what is seen as the norm or what is socially acceptable

on the criteria set by a particular country. The criteria for the categorization of SMEs can be scaled by looking at the company’s turnover sales, some countries look at the number of employees in the business and there are countries which perceived SMEs based on mixed criteria. In addition, global organization entities such as European Commission and World Bank also have their own views on how to identify SMEs. The European Commission states that “the criterion of the number of staff as the main

Becker was influenced by the following: Charles Cooley's Human Nature and the Social Order (1902) examines the personal perception of oneself through studies of children and their imaginary friends. Cooley develops the theoretical concept of the looking glass self, a type of imaginary sociability (Cooley 1902). People imagine the view of themselves through the eyes of others in their social circles and form judgements of themselves based on these imaginary observations (Cooley 1902). The main idea