Mid-ocean ridge

as the mid ocean ridges. In 1973 a group of oceanographers discovered this ridge of mountains on the ocean’s floor. Since then, they have been more closely exploring the ridges and studying how they move and exactly what they are. They have come to discover, that the “ridges feature long rift valleys and, down their middles, giant fields of gushing, hot springs that shed tons of minerals into icy sea water at the bottom of the sea,” which over time has come to create these huge mid-ocean ridges

with the idea that new oceanic floor formed at the mid oceanic ridges. Ridges is a crack in the earth’s crust through which spreads rock rises to the surface. The Melton rock spreads out and adds new material to the ocean floor. The new materials are carried away from the mid oceanic ridges. Sea floor spreading explains the existence of pillow lava near the ridges and the absence of thick layers of sediments on the ocean floor. In fact, near the ridges, sediment is not found. One of the most important

i. Abstract Numerous extinct spreading centres are found within the world’s ocean basins and these record instances of spreading cessation or migration that provide valuable insights into the mechanism of heat-loss from the mantle and plate tectonic behaviour. This study presents the first comprehensive review of all reported extinct ridges and investigates their characteristics and regional distribution and frequency of occurrence over the last ~170 Myr as recorded in present-day preserved oceanic

One line of evidence used to support continental drift is the discovery of similar fossils on different continents. Both fossil plants and animals found in India, South Africa, Australia, Antarctica, and South America are very similar. This supports the idea that the continents were once one because it suggests that the animals roamed the land, were fossilized where they were when they died, and then we discovered the fossils after the supercontinent had separated. Another line of evidence that

Plates are made of lithosphere topped with oceanic and/or continental crust. The plates are moved around on Earth's surface by seafloor spreading. convection in the mantle drives seafloor spreading. Oceanic crust is created at mid-ocean ridges. The crust moves outward from the ridge over time. The crust may eventually sink into the mantle and be

are three types of plate boundaries. Divergent boundaries where two plates move away from each other. The ocean widens and new crust forms at the mid-oceanic ridge. Convergent boundaries has three types of converging, moving two plates towards each other. First we have an ocean floor plate that collides with a less dense continental plate. Next an ocean floor plate collides with another ocean floor plate. Finally a continental plate collides with another continental plate. Transform boundaries were

Pangaea Existence Proven Have you ever heard of Pangaea? Do you think it is real? Do you need someone to prove it for you? Well,I am here to prove Pangaea’s existence to you. To begin with, you need to know what Pangaea is. Pangaea was thought of in the year of 1912. This theory was called Continental Drift and was proposed by Alfred Wegener.Pangaea was thought to be a Super Continent. When Alfred Wegener proposed this theory no one really believed him because he did not have much

Based on the information in the textbook and the instructor note, plate tectonics is the Earth’s surface divided into several plates that move slowly and change in size. I found the video Plate Tectonics: “Birth of a Theory” in session 13 very useful. It helps me understand the material easily by using the animation to illustrate the process of plate tectonics. It is amazing about the fact that the continents can be made to fit together like pieces of a picture puzzle. About 225 million years ago

occurs on the mid-Atlantic ridge. Iceland emerged as a result of the divergent spreading and the boundary between the two tectonic plates and the activity of Iceland’s own hotspot or mantle flume. Movement of these plates caused earthquakes and volcanism. This allowed Iceland to be the largest portion of the mid- ocean ridge system that is above sea level. The beginning of the start of sea floor spreading in Iceland occurred about sixty million years ago when the North-Atlantic Ocean began to open

recorded in the Southern Ocean (Hayes et al. 2014). A peak in authigenic uranium was recorded in Southern Ocean sediments, at OPD site 1094, 127,000 years ago, during Marine Isotope Stage 5 (Hayes et al. 2014). At the beginning of this interglacial period, ~135,000 years ago, a sharp increase in biogenic opal flux was recorded, reflecting an increase in productivity in the Southern Ocean (Hayes et al. 2014). Oxygenation of the deep water increased with increasing Southern Ocean overturning, leading to