Pituitary adenoma

RATIONALE AND JUSTIFICATION OF STUDY Pituitary adenomas are one of the most common intracranial tumors and constitute 10% to 20% of all primary brain tumors. They are generally classified as either “functioning” or “nonfunctioning,” with functioning (secretory) adenomas representing approximately 70% of all pituitary tumors1, 2. Clinically, pituitary adenomas present with a classic semiologic triad related to hypersecretion, hypopituitarism, mass effect (headache, visual disturbances, and hydrocephalus)

Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Adenoma: Outcome and complications Karam Kenawy1, 2, Mashahiro Toda1, M. Abdelaal2 , Tarek L Salem3, Kazunari Yoshida1, Roshdy Elkhayat4 1-Department of neurosurgery, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. 2- Department of neurosurgery, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt. 3- Department of neurosurgery, Ain shames university, Cairo, Egypt. 4- Department of neurosurgery, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. Address for

Microsurgical transsphenoid surgery for pituitary adenomas has been the standard treatment for decades [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Among various techniques, Sublabial transseptal and transnasal transseptal approachs are the most commonly used [3, 4, 5,]. Since the endoscope became popular in paransal sinus surgery [6, 7], it has increased the interest of neurosurgeons for its use in transsphenoid surgeries. In late nineties a large series of endoscopic pituitary surgeries by Jho and Carrau [8, 9] and Cappabeenca

Introduction Cushing’s syndrome(CS) results from prolonged exposure to excess free glucocorticoids. Around 10-15 per million people are affected by CS every year(1). Most patients with CS have an Adrenocorticotrophic(ACTH)- secreting pituitary adenoma, which is otherwise known as Cushing’s disease. Other causes of CS include adrenal tumours, ectopic ACTH-secreting tumours and exogenous steroid use. Except for exogenous steroid use, the other mentioned causes of CS can all be caused by genetic mutations

Throughout the paper author Mark E. Molitch, a medical doctor, discusses the formation of pituitary tumors and the impact they have on the body. He describes how these adenomas form, what symptoms they cause, how they are diagnosed, and how they are treated. In the paper he addresses specific tumors such as Prolactinoma, which encompasses around half of all pituitary adenomas and causes an elevation in prolactin levels, as well as Acromegaly, a growth hormone secreting tumor, and Cushing disease

situation. K.Y. recently obtained her bachelors in social science. Family is extremely important to my patient, so taking care of her body and remaining healthy are among her top priorities. She and her family were surprised to find out she had a hepatic adenoma at a routine yearly exam. K.Y. followed instructions and directions from her primary care doctor which landed her at UNC hospital receiving a left sided hepatectomy on 7/8/15. Since the surgical procedure K.Y. has been unable to defecate, is having

activity or eating patterns. About his weight gain, B.J. jokes, “I guess it’s all in my feet. I had to buy new shoes, and my shoe size went from a size 10 to a size 12.” It was determined that B.J. should have a CT scan of his head to assess for a pituitary adenoma resulting in the

which can be further broken down into adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) dependent and independent. The pathogenesis of Cushing’s syndrome depends on the cause, and generally results in the disruption of the normal functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Cushing’s syndrome is characterized by a variety of signs and symptoms, and treatment varies depending on the etiology. Currently research is being conducted on diagnostic tests for this disorder. Introduction Cushing’s syndrome

encountered is related to a pituitary adenoma, due to the tumor pressure (www.mayoclinic.org). The visual disturbances and headaches indicate an increase growth, which causes pressure to the surrounding area. The weight gain and increase in shoe size is caused by an increase production in growth hormone. Excess production in growth hormone can cause enlarged hands and feet. 2. “The pituitary adenoma itself may put pressure on the remaining normal part of the pituitary gland and limit or destroy

PITUITARY APOPLEXY INTRODUCTION Pituitary apoplexy is a rare condition that can be missed or misdiagnosed if a strong clinical suspicion is not present. The consequences can be deleterious for vision or even life threatening. This remains a poorly understood entity in both its pathogenesis and optimal management. The aim of treatment is to preserve life, vision and functionality of the gland. There is still controversy regarding the optimal management of these patients, especially conservative