Polymer

Structure and function of macromolecules within a living organism ‘Some biological molecules in organisms are small and simple containing only one or a few functional groups, others are large, complex assemblies called macromolecules’ [1]. The term macromolecule is convenient because the bulk properties of a macromolecule differ from those of smaller molecules. These large chemical compounds have a high molecular weight consisting of a number of structural units linked together by covalent

Imagine this you're gushing blood. Nothing seems to make it stop. Then you apply a gel to your wound, and the bleeding stops within seconds. You're healed in minutes, well this became possible all because of a 17-year-old recent arrival at New York University, Joe Landolina had made discovery that could save millions of lives his invention, a gel that instantly stops internal and external bleeding in under 10 seconds without the need to apply any pressure. The market-starting with veterans called

2.1. Percutaneous medical devices Percutaneous medical devices are increasingly used in several medical applications and are indispensable in the medical field [1]. Percutaneous devices are defined as foreign bodies crossing the epithelial barrier connecting external systems to the internal structure of the body(fig). Table 1 summarizes the list of percutaneous medical devices. These percutaneous medical devices breach the epithelial barrier in a temporarily or permanent manner; therefore, breaking

Executive Summary: Waste has become a global problem. It has become very necessary to address this problem, so that energy problems can be solved. 50 million tonnes of domestic waste is produced every year, and this is a health hazard. Domestic waste is nothing but paper, kitchen waste, and plastic. Plastic is the common term for a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials used for a huge and growing range of applications. We can find plastic in most of the items that we use today, such

1) Strong bonds a. Covalent Bond – sharing of electrons between two elements b. Ionic Bond – transfer of electrons between two elements 2) Moles – an amount of material (atoms, ions or molecules) that contains Avogadro’s number (6.022 x 1023) of particles. 3) Molarity – the concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per liter of solution 4) Molecular weight – the weight of one molecule of a molecular compound. 5) Daltons – a unit of mass identical to 1 atomic mass unit 6) Isotopes/

application will be discussed in coming sections. 2.0 Polymeric Materials and Compounds: Functional Materials The days of doing research to improve mechanical and thermal like basic properties by adding nanofillers, surface modified long fibers, developing polymer blend system are becoming regular activities for manufacturers. The innovation need and ongoing research in polymeric materials are multi-functional and highly value creating for new product innovation, which can lead a new business and market growth

In Chapter 5, we used water soluble chitosan (with the commercial name PROTASAN UP CL 213) as received from the supplier (Novamatrix, Norway). PROTASAN UP CL 213 is based on a chitosan with 75-90% of deacetylation. It is in the form of a cationic polymer with a highly purified and well-characterized water-soluble chloride salt. Typically, the molecular weight for PROTASAN UP CL 213 is in the 150-400 kDa range. For Chapters 6, 8 and 10 we used low molecular weight chitosan (Sigma, USA; ref. 448869)

Water treatment is a process essential to our infrastructure and the reusability of water, and electrostatics is at the heart of the interaction necessary for the operation to proceed. The general treatment process is comprised of about 6 steps: pre-treatment, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Each one serves a specific purpose to the overall clarification of the raw water, but coagulation and flocculation are the most broad in the removal of contaminants in

The chemistry that skiers use is ski wax. This wax helps the skiers to control how their skies perform under certain conditions. The type of ski wax depends on the type of snow they will encounter while skiing. Chemicals in some wax help skis go smoother down the mountains. The wax repels water that is on the skis as they go down the snow. On the other hand, cross country skiers must go uphill as well as down hill, so their wax has to grip the snow while going uphill. There are two formulas for ski

Abstract 1 As a biological model for the preliminary selection of components from a natural source, brine shrimp is lethality test. Clove essential oil obtained by hydro distillation and essential oil of Eucalyptus were purchased. Acquire from aerial parts, extracts and essential oil of D. furfurada did not show activity, but the essential oil from underground was functioning. (Brandao, et.al, 2013) Abstract 2 As an aftermath of the advancement in technology, the useful life of electrical