●The Political, Financial Stability And Corruption Risks

Level 1 – The Australian Constitution The Australian Constitution is the rules that are used to run our country. It includes the relationship of federal government to the Australian States. There are three definite sections of the constitution that play a part in Australian governance. They are Legislative, Executive and Judicial, they have the power to make and manage law.

The Australian Legal System was around the 1700’s when Britain brought its own legal system over when they were setting up the colonies in Australia. Over a century or so Britain began granting limited rights to set up a local legal system within the British colonies. They were granted this right, and were able to develop their own laws and legal systems. The passing of the Australian Constitution began an independent legal system that formed part of the governmental system in Australia, which took place in 1901, and while the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia was indeed an Act of the British Parliament, Britain's involvement in the Australian Government begun to decrease. However, there was minor propulsion for Australia to procure

To determine whether s 35P(1) or (2) of the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Act 1979 (Cth) applies to your conduct, the information disclosed in your article ‘AFP Bribery Scandal’ must satisfy the criteria of these sections. It is likely that the article will constitute an ‘unauthorised disclosure of information’ and as such she will be prosecuted under s 35P(1) and (2) of the Act. To provide you with the most conclusive advice possible, it would still need to be determined if the Act provides any leniency for those who at the time of disclosure, did not realise the information related to an ‘ASIO employee or affiliate.’

In the Australian constitution the Queen holds the executive power and also has legislative power. The Governor General is appointed by the Queen and is also the commander-in-chief. Another difference between the two countries is the Australian judicature. The High Court of Australia does not have the power of judicial review. Ultimately, in Australia the parliament and the prime minister have the complete power.

Australia is run by a democratic system at all 3 levels of government (Federal, State and Local). Democracy means in Greek "rule by the governed". A democrary has key fundermentals that sustains that type of leadership.

The case above is a classic example of bribery that usually exist in the public service. Jan (company director) offered a bribe to Turagacati (a public official) of FJ$110,100 and also allegedly lodged false invoices and by-passed certain procedures in order to obtain an advantage of about $3.1million. Turagacati should have checked his previous records to see if payments were done or not on the 14 payment vouchers, which has been the course of this trial (Fiji Sun, 2015).

Currently china is more dependent on the exports and so many parts of the world are facing recession so that the overall Chinese growth will decline.

Australia has been federated for 114 years, yet we still don’t have our own head of state. Yes, we have a head of state in the form of a Governor General, but this person does not represent the views of the Australian people, but rather serves as the representative of the Queen. A Queen that will never be a true Australian.

The anti-bribery officials apply to all United States companies and all their officers, directors, employees, shareholders, and agents. This part of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act prohibits any type of bribery to government officials of other countries to get a better business contract. The anti-bribery provision makes it against the law to offer, pay, promise of pay, or any type of authorized payment of money. This also includes offering, giving, or promising anything of value to a foreign official in order to speed up the process. On the other hand, the Anti-bribery allows payments to be made to minor officials with minor duties. These are the people that have little to do with the routine activates. They usually handle processing paperwork or something that’s minor. They consider this a facilitating payment, this helps speed up the administration activity that otherwise takes a long time. This also

Australia is an Oceanian nation containing the territory of the Australian landmass, the island of Tasmania, and various littler islands. It is the world 's 6th biggest nation by aggregate region. Neighbouring nations incorporate Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor toward the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu toward the north-east; and New Zealand toward the south-east.( reference "Constitution of Australia". ComLaw. 9 July 1900. 5 August 2011 ) The central government is isolated into three branches:

There are several types of visas provided by the Australian government. The tourist visa is an electronic visa that is easy to obtain. Tourists can apply online or by phone for the visa, which is not expensive. However, not all countries are included in this visa regime (Visas Australia, 2008). Therefore, it is important that tourists inform themselves before visiting the country.

The benefits for the Australian company would mainly be in the favour of the company as a whole, as securing this deal will result in an increase in business and competiveness, while it would also benefit the employees as they would not be in any danger of job loses. It would also benefit external stakeholders such as other companies that they interact directly with, because they would continue to supply and support each other (Barnes, Yen, Zhou 2010). Most of the negative affects that will arise directly result because of the nature of the deal. Bribery is illegal in Australia and as such is frowned upon and scrutinised (Sanchez-Runde, Nardon and Steers, 2013). This will affect the company’s image as well as individuals involved with company, with the manager who carried out the deal bearing the majority (Sacconi, 2006).

In today’s competitive and modern world of business, it is very significant for companies and firms to conduct some of their business activities internationally. In order to stop fraud and illegal activities from happening there are a few acts and documents that have been enabled. The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) is a law that congress primarily passed in 1977. This act prohibits businesspersons from bribing foreign officials to secure advantageous contracts. The United States also regulates payments to foreign officials. Giving cash or kind benefits to foreign government officials to obtain business contracts and other favors, this is actually often considered a normal practice to do. To reduce such bribery among representatives of the U.S. Corporations, Congress enacted the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act also known as FCPA in the year of 1977. The policy behind the FCPA was to combat the negative impact of bribery on free and fair market competition. The issue which led to the passing of the FCPA was the ethical problem in international business dealings which had to do with the legitimacy of some side payments being made to government officials. In the U.S. most contracts that are formed are formed within the private sector. This is different though in foreign countries because decisions on major construction and manufacturing contracts are made by government officials because of extensive government regulation and control over trade and industry. Side payments

     Australia’s form of government has been described as a constitutional monarchy, in which the queen of England is the nominal head of state. In the federal government, power rests with the elected political party that holds the majority in the House of Representatives. The leader is the prime minister. The Senate consists of 76 members who are elected every six years. The House of Representatives has 147 members and they face elections every three years. Any laws that involve changes to the Constitution must be decided by a referendum in which the country’s citizens are called to vote on whether or not they want such changes to take place.

With the prevalence of overseas corruption, most of the countries have set specific regulation against foreign bribes. For example, both the UK Bribery Act and the US Foreign