Bob is a 26 year old white male who has been suffering from anxiety attacks and depression. He indicates that these issues presented themselves 6 years ago after a single use of the hallucenogenic drug LSD in college. He indicates a fear of flashbacks to that experience and says there in no other incident that could cause these issues. He also discusses a tumultuous relationship with his father and two brothers, and was significantly more shy than his siblings while growing up. He maintains that he has trouble holding down a job, and has little to no relationship with his male family members at this time.
Presenting concerns:
Bob indicates that he has been presenting with anxiety attacks during the night multiple times per week. He
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The negative self- cencept created by accusations of lying and the physical altercations/ lack of realtionship with his brothers could lead to a dimished sense of self- worth, leading to Bob’s feelings of depression. Murdock wrote that “depression, for example, would be seen as probably involving a negative self concept that resulted from an excess of conditions of worth” (159). This indicates that Bob’s negative sense of worth could absolutely be the cause of his depressive tendancies, as well as his constant state of sadness. This sadness and anxiety (as mentioned above, where Bob sees where his problems are affecting his relationships) are the cause of his inability to hold down a job, have a stable relationship with his girlfriend, and avoid interactions with his father and brothers.
Course of treatment and interventions utilized:
Bob presented many of his self-visualized problems in our first session, and became somewhat sad while doing so. Bob indicated that he thought that he could reasonably complete his time in counseling after between 10 and 15 sessions, so it was agreed upon that we would function under the assumption that we would complete 12. In our first session, Bob described his experience with LSD in great detail, and indicated that this is the only cause of his anxiety that he could think of. He had trouble beginning to speak about his family life, however after a little encouragement, he was able to speak
Do you experience anxiety or panic attacks? You're not alone. Millions of people share the same struggle. If you are living with anxiety, you may take natural remedies or prescription medications to treat it.
Before seeing Dr. Marvin, Bob has been subject to a variety of therapies. The most noticeable therapy being drug therapy. Bob talks about having Valium, Halcyon, and Seconol, all anti-anxiety drugs and all indicative of biological therapy. Bob also seems familiar with psychodynamic therapy from his "free associations from childhood" he does for Dr. Marvin. The main therapy focus seems to be on "Baby Steps" therapy, which is similar to desensitization - take small steps in order to overcome big fears. Dr. Marvin also attempts some cognitive therapy by giving Bob a prescription to "take a vacation from his problems." This is supposed to allow Bob to change the way he thinks about his problems so that they are not a crisis any longer and he can just forget about them, because he is on vacation from those problems. Bob also attempts some of his own therapies. "I feel good, I feel great, I feel wonderful" repeated over and over again by Bob is his own attempt at cognitive therapy and changing the way he thinks about how he feels. Bob also uses behavioral therapy in exposing himself to water by sailing. Granted, he is chained to the boat and is wearing a life preserver, but he is learning to desensitize
Adam is a 48-year-old male who was referred by his family physician. During the clinical interview, Adam reports he cannot sleep at night and feels his mind is constantly racing. He states that he often has trouble breathing and that he feels like his skin is tingling. He also states that he breaks out into cold sweats and is constantly tense. Adam reports he cannot stop worrying about certain incidents and once something is on his mind, he cannot seem to let go of it. He says he has always been high-strung and nervous. He reports that his employer for 25 years has been having financial difficulty, and he will likely lose his job and pension plan. He says he has had difficulty with anxiety throughout his
After the sessions, participants would fill out questionnaires and inventories regarding their feelings of anxiety and depression as well as in the preceding weeks. From this Gasser was able to analyze the statistics derived from the data, which had quite significant results, especially in the Spielberger-State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). This test reported a decrease in mean anxiety from 11.7 to 8.1 in the experimental group. However, the placebo group only decreased from 11.3 to 10.7. They also used the SCL-90-R, a test regarding psychological problems and psychopathology which determined that the control group’s scores decreased from a 69.6 to 60.2 versus the placebo group which actually increased from 66.0 to 67.7 Gasser continued to follow up with the patient’s twelve months after the experiment in which the majority of the experimental group reported an “increase in life and ability to confront emotions,” showing that LSD’s long term residual effects can be positive.(Gasser)
The first thing I did was to ask myself whether Jack has a mental disorder or not. After referring to the four D’s, I determined that his behaviors are deviant, distressful (for himself and for his fiancé), and is partly dysfunctional. His behaviors are deviant because he doesn’t fit into the norm. His thoughts are extraordinary and somewhat irrational. His behaviors are also distressful because he lost his track on his sleeping pattern. He constantly worries about people/spies stealing his work, and his worries give him distress. Instead of declaring him to be a dysfunctional individual, I perceived him to be partly dysfunctional because he functions too well in his research, while lacking presence in his social life. Since his behaviors fit into the four D’s, I’ve come to a conclusion that he suffers from a mental disorder.
It always started and ended with a stirring, deep in her belly. The candle sitting in her core had been spontaneously lit and the fire was gradually growing, standing taller and spreading a slow heat in her chest. Instinctively, she pulled her gut in, attempting to suffocate the flame, but realized that the effort was futile as her fingers began to tremble. Not now, she thought. What could it have possibly been this time? She knew that the question had no exact answer as she recalled the article that she had read months before, “Anxiety attacks usually occur suddenly and without warning.” Still, she couldn’t help but wonder if her senses had betrayed her, if some part of her had picked up something in the crowded room that had served as a
Hanna was referred by her GP, because she has been experiencing some anxiety difficulties. Client reports that she began to have anxiety five or six years ago. Reportedly, she recently moved out of her parents’ home and this may have caused the anxiety to escalate. This is the first time client has moved away from her parents.
Peter Gasser, tested the extent to which the psychedelic drug, LSD, could be beneficial in psychotherapy as a “complement to talk therapy,” (The New York Times). The trial featured a sample size of only twelve patients, making it too small to be conclusive. However, it did open the door to the concept of using the drug for therapeutic purposes. Most of the patients who participated in the trial “had terminal cancer, and several died within a year after the trial,” (The New York Times). On the bright side, they were privileged enough to have the opportunity to experience a “mental adventure that appeared to have eased the existential gloom of their last days,” (The New York Times). The effects of the drug last up to 10 hours, after which the user generally falls asleep. Therapy sessions are held in a controlled environment with a psychiatrist present in order to assist the patients out with any level of distress that they may experience and to talk them through their thoughts and emotions and help them figure out their source. The experimenter, Dr. Peter Gasser, advised the test subjects that they may experience some level of mental and emotional upset, but reassured them with remarks such as “I can’t guarantee you won’t have intense distress, but I can tell you that it will pass,” (The New York Times). The drug also causes the subjects to talk excessively and to open up in a way that is extremely cathartic,
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To understand the nature of your anxiety or fear you got to know the causes. You will be surprise to know that panic attacks can strike out just when you least expect it to be. You will not receive a sign or warning that this will lashed out at you. This might even take place even when you are asleep. The most common form of panic attack happens just once. Some people might be subjected to repeated episodes. There is actually something that triggers this reaction. One of the most common triggers is a previous unpleasant experience that might cause high levels of anxious or fearful
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In the case of Bob we have to first help him to identify underlying issues. For example is he suffering with depression, stress, self-hate or other major afflictions that make him think this way? For the sake of this assignment, I will use depression as an example. Depression makes a person see and feel the worst in every situation and if Bob is initially diagnosed as a person with this disease then psychotherapy and medication might alleviate some of the unhappiness
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Mr. Daniel Boyle is a spry 91 year old gentleman who has lived a full life. He was a Merchant Marine, was a MIT trained automotive engineer, and enjoyed chorus line dancing. Four years ago, Mr. Boyle had cataract surgery, but within two years his vision began to decline further. He then stopped driving, he said that it was not that he couldn’t see, but because he felt it was the safer thing to do. Around this same time, two years ago, the Monday after Easter, Mr. Boyle had his first ever panic attack. He has since been diagnosed as having general anxiety disorder and depression. He currently takes a benzodiazepine, and antidepressant, and buspione, but his anxiety persists. His anxiety manifests itself as a general nervousness and worry.