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ADHD: A Case Study

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The aim of this paper is to examine and summarize the general understanding of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including its prevalence, etiology, efficacious cognitive behavioral therapy treatment, and issues in regard to future research of the disorder. As ADHD is widely recognized and has become the most commonly diagnosed clinical illness within the past 20 years (Knouse, & Safren, 2010), greater understanding of this neurodevelopmental disorder is essential to treat and support individuals with ADHD. The American Academy of Pediatrics (2011) published a clinical guideline in relevance to the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of ADHD to effectively communicate the profound influence on the academic achievement, well-being, and social interactions of individuals. Moreover, Strine et al. (2006) reported that ADHD affects 3-7% of school-aged children, and its effects have extensive impacts on day-today functions. As indicated, ADHD is not …show more content…

They further illustrated that ADHD can leave a tremendous impact on the child’s academic performance and subsequent achievement, social and personal interactions, and maintenance of well-being. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), the prevalence of ADHD is approximately 5% of children and 2.5% of adults in most cultures. However, the longitudinal survey conducted by the National Health Interview Survey revealed that the ADHD diagnoses among school-age children from 3 through 17 are close to 9%, and that this neurodevelopmental condition tends to be more common in boys than in girls (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). The ratio of male to female diagnosis is approximately 2:1 in children and 1.6:1 in adults (American Psychiatric Association,

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