Adolescent Identity Formation

After the development of autonomy vs. shame and doubt, the child moves on to the development of initiative vs. guilt. From ages three to six, the child is building on their development of independence, and begin to develop the ability to start things on their own. This is often the age in which kids begin to want to do things for themselves. At this age, it is important that the kids are encouraged to initiate, plan, devise, and do things for themselves. If a child does not have an adequate development of initiative, they will be afraid to try new things, which, similar to all other developmental stages, will effect the individual later in life. I ranked below average in this category for people my age, showing that I lean more towards guilt than I do towards initiative. This is shown through my seeking out of others when it comes to trying something new; rather than wanting to try something new on my own, I usually seek the comfort of having others with me. Following this stage, the age of five up until about 12 years of age, the child begins the development of industry vs. inferiority.

Adolescence is moving from childhood to adult. This adolescent year brings many changes, not only physically but also mentally, emotionally and socially (Feldman, 2006). My adolescence was a period in which I gained maturity due to the biological changes associated with puberty. I became independent from my family and developed more perspective since then. I started thinking more about my future goals. I was also trying to understand more of who I was as an adult. In Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory young people start to think abstractly and hypothetically in the formal operation stage (Berk, 2007). Therefore, this major cognitive development may have contributed to the exploration or search for my individual identity.

Adolescence is a transitional stage of becoming an adult by going through puberty. Hence, an adolescent is an individual going through the stages adolescence. This is a critical stage for physical, emotional, intellectual, and social development. Since the onset of puberty varies, it is difficult to give a specific age range for an adolescent. There is crucial evidence of substance use among boys and girls during this transition. The use of drugs

The middle childhood is to leave the play years to start maturing years to start adolescence (Berk, 2010). During the middle childhood, children began to have a lot physical changes. As well as, they begin to discover there identify that they are. For example, secondary sexual organs begin to develop in the boys and girls, they will confuse about identify. The puberty is the cycle when children are out of control because they will transition to leave the children to enter adolescence. For instance, physical and behavioral changes will have some consequences if pre-adolescences do not deal well with them. Middle childhood is divided into two categories 6 to 8 and 9 to 12 years that reflects on children’s behavior (Nuru-Jeter et al., 2010). For instance, children learn to interact with other children, and how they will manage emotions and behaviors. Also, how they have to act with adults and children that totally different it. Also, the girl and boy have different physical and behavior changes for the gender difference. Middle childhood development makes for some factors that influence on physical changes, brain and nervous system, and social and emotional changes.

In this paper I plan to discuss the developmental stages of adolescence. Adolescents are also referred to as "teenagers" or "young adults." Adolescence begins after the childhood stage and ends right before adulthood. The years of adolescence range from 12 years old to 21 years old. The years of adolescence can be quite a roller coaster ride. Young people in this stage encounter a great deal of changes in their life as they prepare for adulthood. I will discuss emotional, intellectual, physiological, and social domains of development and how it relates to adolescents. I will also discuss some helpful tips for teachers to aide in communicating effectively to adolescents and understanding their

The changes in adolescence brain create a dimension that will be difficult in making the right choices in human agency and the decision or actions of the adolescence is unpredictable, because their thinking capacity in choice making is still developing. This changes in the brain is constantly being influences by multiple interaction.

i. This is typically smaller in boys then in girls. 1. Now we know why boy do crazy things like jump off of roofs and stuff; they literally can’t measure the out come of their actions and for most this doesn’t activate till they are 25-26. Then all the sudden our dating lives made

This article begins by emphasizing that the surroundings of an adolescent posses a large impact on their physical and

For many years of human history, the developmental period of a child was truly misunderstood. The mind of a developing child was thought simply to be a miniature model of the fully developed engine of thinking. It is often hard to remember the earliest stages of the human development process. However, revered researchers like Jean Piaget, John Kohlberg, and Erik Erikson have made extensive efforts in observing the different stages of human development. In punctuating these stages, the consensus has demarcated the expanse of human growth into four major stages: Infancy (birth-2 years), Preschool (3-6 years), Middle Childhood (7-12 years), and Adolescence (12-18). The specific contributions made by the Psychologists above mentioned

Given the discussion on adolescence in our text, the standards for adult activities do somewhat coincide with what we know about human development (Cacioppo & Fregberg, 2013 ). Limiting access to many activities based on age is advisable considering the cognitive development of adolescents

There are various cognitive aspects and socio-cultural aspects vital for shaping the adolescence journey to the adulthood. Hoffnung et al., (2016) explained that cognitive aspects include the development of formal operational thoughts which originates from early adolescence, more advanced in middle adolescence and late adolescence. Due to the immature frontal lobe of the brain, temporal lobe does the decision making and logical reactions in adolescence (Barkway, 2013). Hypothetical thinking develops and do not worry about the consequences and are more perspective takers. In the middle years, they start to think logically by identifying and rejecting the hypothesis and trying to find possible outcomes based on logic (Barkway, 2013). Abstract thinking develops in late adolescence,

The purpose of this issue paper is to compare and contrast two different articles one written by L.E. Berk in 2010 that explores lifespan development. The other article was written by the staff and research team at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford in 2012 that addresses what cognitive development is and the progress of adolescence cognitive development. Cognitive development begins from the moment of birth and continues throughout life. However, this student finds the cognitive abilities are more complex during the adolescent years. Therefore, the issue this paper will address is adolescence cognitive development.

Children become rule based and listen when spoken to. School plays a large part in this since teacher educate kids to listen, sit down quietly and work in small , in the future will be vital for real life work in adulthood.("Stages of Growth Development," 1898-1987). In this stage of life Piaget’s cognitive theory comes into play. Children in this stage in life are more concrete operational, meaning that they deal with visible, tangible things. They become more systematic. Peer relationships and best friend are crucial at this stage, this helps children have deeper relationships while heading into adolescence and can help determine if they will be able to hold a relationship as adults (Stassen Berger, 2009). Social trend, such as violence, eating disorders and even drug use are seen more readily in ages seven to twelve years old. This increasing pressure in schools to recognize the problem and develop more activities such as sports, music, and social events to help children stay active and away from drug use, this eventually helps in adolescence and young adulthood years.

Adolescence is the distinct transitional stage between childhood and adulthood in human development, extending primarily over the teenage years and terminating legally when the age of majority is reached (Rathus, 2014). However in some instances, this biological, cognitive, social and emotional maturity may not be reached until a later stage and may be dictated by gender. Adolescence is characterised by rapidly changing and unpredictable behaviour (Freud, as cited in Rathus 2014), heightened and unstable emotions (Hall, as cited in Rathus 2014), disturbances in identity, the gradual development of one’s moral reasoning (Kohlberg, as cited in Rathus, 2014) and the gradual establishment of one’s independence. Several of these changes may occur at differing phases in adolescent growth. This development is categorized into three separate stages; early adolescence, middle adolescence, and late adolescence. Early Adolescence, commencing from the ages of eleven or twelve until the age of fourteen, comprises of several features such as rapid biological development and maturity, heightened stress levels and limited coping capabilities. On the other hand, middle adolescence, from the approximate age of fourteen to sixteen, involves the gradual cease of biological change, an increase in coping strategies and declined stress levels. Furthermore, late adolescence, commencing from the age of sixteen until the age of eighteen or nineteen, encompasses physical maturity, whereby the

One of the first issues that arises when observing adolescents is the difference between those who remain highly engaged with the world through social interactions and critical