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Advantage and Disadvantage of Internet: Computer Fundamentals

Decent Essays

General Information Technology

Supplementary Material to
Teacher Resource Guide

Prepared by
Name: Mohamed Ismail Mohamed Nifras
Reg No: 2011/CSC/010
Index No:

Coordinated by
Dept of Computer Science,
University of Jaffna.

Table of Contents

Computer Fundamentals

Introduction to Computers
A computer is a man-made, programmable electronic machine that can store, retrieve, and process data according to a given set of instructions. Whatever information given to a computer is termed input. The computer input typically comprises of two things: Data and Instructions. The data are the facts, which are to be processed, and the instructions describe how the computer should process the data. The data which has been converted or organized into …show more content…

A number of different dimensions can be used to classify computers into different types. Traditionally, the size and the capabilities of computers are used as the main criterion and the computers are classified into the following types.
PC - The personal computer (PC) is small in size and is designed for general use by a single person.
Desktop - A PC that is not designed for portability. A desktop computer is typically set up in a permanent location.
Laptops (Notebooks) - A portable computer that includes a battery to provide power for some specific period of time.
Palmtop - More commonly known as Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs

Components of a Computer System
By considering the functions performed by the various components. The main hardware components of a modern computer system are the central processing unit (CPU), the main memory, the secondary storage and the input-output devices.

System Unit
The system unit, or the cabinet houses most of the essential components of the computer system such as the power supply, the motherboard, the CPU chip, specialized chips, the system clock, RAM, ROM, expansion boards and bus lines.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The central processing unit performs the majority of calculations and controls the operation of a computer. CPUs are rated by the speed at which they can execute instructions

Control Unit (CU)
The

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