FII mean an institution established or incorporated outside India which proposes to make investment in securities in India. Until 1980s, India’s development policy was focused on self-sufficiency and import-substitution. Current account deficits were financed largely through debt flows and official development assistance. In these times there was a general reluctance towards foreign investment or private commercial flows. In 1990’s India adopted liberalization, globalization and privatization in its economy. The said adoption changed the conservative principles and views of Indian Economy and it caused to change our attitude toward the foreign investment. Indian economy opened its doors to the world and invites foreign investors to India and also …show more content…
i.e. SEBI acted as a nodal point and a navigator in entire proceeding of F I Investment and it registration in India. These regulations continue to maintain the link with the government guidelines by inserting a clause to indicate that the investment by FIIs should also be subject to Government guidelines. This linkage has allowed the Government to indicate various investment limits including in specific sectors. With coming into force of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, (FEMA), 1999 in 2000, the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or issue of Security by a Person Resident Outside India) Regulations, 2000 were issued to provide the foreign exchange control context where foreign exchange related transactions of FIIs were permitted by RBI. A philosophy of preference for institutional funds, and prohibition on portfolio investments by foreign natural persons has been followed, except in the case of Non-resident Indians, where direct participation by individuals takes place. Right from 1992, FIIs have been allowed to invest in all securities traded on the primary and secondary markets, including shares, debentures and warrants issued by companies which were listed or were to be listed on the Stock Exchanges in India and in schemes floated by domestic mutual funds. Historical Evolution of FII/FPI in India In 1992, India opened up its economy and permitted foreign portfolio investment in its domestic stock market. Since then, FII has emerged as a major source of private capital inflow in this country. India is more dependent upon FPI than FDI as a source of foreign
Despite this India is still a complicated place for foreign investors. A weak parliamentary government has very little purview over the provincial and local ministers who were elected entirely separate from federal elections. The fragmented nature of the country’s political system has and will continue to prevent major
India has emerged as a trading superpower and as an increasing magnet for FDI. Its role in the international economy to this point has been less remarked than the rise and dominance of China but increasingly India will be appreciated for the opportunities it is creating for its citizens, employers and foreign and domestic firms.
From 2004 to 2012, the quantity of remote direct ventures has expanded more than the double, achieving USD 1,500 billion of every 2012. FDI has turned out to be one of the significant techniques for cross-outskirt venture and a standout amongst the most dynamic drivers of monetary development. Presently, I will propose a portion of the dangers of FID from the perspective of
FIIs are those institutions who invest in the assets which belongs to a country other than the country they are based in. These investors play a crucial role in Indian economy. They consists of big companies such as investment banks and mutual funds, who invest huge amount of money in the Indian markets. They have a strong influence on the total cash that flows into the economy.
Modern communications infrastructure makes it possible for anyone with a bank account to make a “foreign portfolio investment” (FPI). Rich and poor alike can gain from this ability to trade stocks and bonds overseas with speed and ease. For those with sufficient resources, however, a “foreign direct investment” (FDI) can also be made. While both types of investment can be lucrative for the investor, I believe that foreign direct investments are usually better for the country receiving the investment, and so FDIs should be the favored form of investment for those with the means to make them.
Investments can be categorized as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Indirect Investment (FII), where Foreign Direct Investment is venturing into an economic activity outside the economy of the investor. It is referred to as Direct Investment because the investor whether as a person or as a company has a direct long term interest in another country's company either through purchase or building and getting involved in the management and control of the operations. An investment qualifies as an FDI when the investor has acquired the voting rights by obtaining 10% of the issuer's common stock.
One striking feature of the sector financial system in recent a long time has been the growth of foreign direct investment (FDI), or funding by using transnational businesses in overseas international locations in an effort to manage belongings and manage production activities in those nations.
FDI has been a growing factor that has strengthened the economy of India, but on the other hand it is also being blamed for ousting domestic inflows. FDI is also claimed to have lowered few regulatory standards in terms of investment patterns:
India remains the third most attractive destination for FDI, after China and the United States of America, for 2013-2015, according to a survey of global companies conducted by UNCTAD. Foreign Direct Investment in India has increased from $ 1,04,411 in year 2000-2001 to $ 6,96,011 in 2011- 2012. The distribution of FDI inflow is concentrated to some sectors. Services , Construction, Communication, Drugs and Pharmaceuticals, Chemicals, Automobile Industry etc. are among the leading sectors which bag major share of FDI inflows. (Figure 2.1)
India has become more attractive to the foreign investors because of government actions. India has introduced liberalization, encouraging foreign investors to invest in India, and offering wide range of tax concessions including depreciation allowances and generous tax reductions to the investors. The political sector in India are reinforced the need of improved electrical power utility. In this manner, the nation is open for any possibility that a company like Tata. will be highly appreciated by the Indian Market. (Cravens & Piercy, 2006)
Unit II: The Financial System in India - Capital markets and money markets; new issues market; secondary market – Stock exchanges in India; Listing of Securities; Registration of Brokers; SEBI regulations; Guidelines for IPO; Recent Developments in Financial System in India.
FDI in Services In 2000, share of FDI in services to total FDI inflows in India was just 1.8% and afterwards it grew steadily to reach a record all-time high of 34.7% during 2006 but declined afterwards. Of the cumulative FDI in services during 2000-2010, financial services accounted for bulk of the inflows (41.7%) followed by banking services (9.6%), and both non-financial services and R&D sharing 9.5% each (Table 1). Share of financial services,
Foreign Direct Investment is the major tool of attracting International Economic Integration in any nation. It serves as a relationship between investment and saving. Many developing countries like India are facing the scarcity of savings. This crisis can be solved with the help of Foreign Direct Investment. In this paper an endeavor has been taken to analyze the trend of FDI in last 11 years and to analyze the relationship between foreign direct investment and macroeconomic factors like GDP, Exports and Foreign Exchange Reserves (FER) in India using data for a period from 2001 to 2012. This study has investigated the twin objectives viz trend of FDI and relation of FDI with macroeconomic factors viz GDP, Exports, Foreign Exchange Reserves (FER).The trend and relation between these variables has been analyzed by percentage analysis, Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR), and Correlation Analysis. Findings of the study indicate that FDI can be used as vehicle for growth of macroeconomic indicators of the economy.
In the year 2014, the Government of India launched an ambitious campaign called the “Make in India”. The campaign’s main aim is to build and further develop the country’s manufacturing industry by making the country attractive for FDI. As a result of the launch of the campaign, within merely 9 months, from 2014 October to 2015 June, there was a rise in FDI by almost 40%. (Kaur, J. 2016). Out of the numerous objectives that Make in India sets its eyes upon, the following are relevant for the scope of this paper:
The Indian stock market is the vast and enormous marketplace for the institutional investors. The investment made by Foreign institutional investors paves a way for the growth and development of Indian stock market. The Indian stock market attains its new peak position by Foreign Institutional Investors. Hence this make the researcher to investigates the relationship between net investments by FIIs and return on BSE Index for the period from 1st Jan 2010 to 31st July, 2014 using monthly data. The results shows that there is a significant positive correlations between FIIs and return on BSE Index during the study period.