Abstract— GPS has major issues with security and speed of signal which can be overcome by aiding GPS along with Inertial Measurement Unit using Kalman filter. An inertial measurement unit is based on inertial navigation system which is an autonomous system that provides us information about position, velocity and attitude based on the measurements by inertial sensors and by applying Newton's laws of motion, which determines the vehicle’s current position from knowledge of its previous position and the sensors which helps in calculating accelerations and angular rotational measurements of the vehicle. Specified initial conditions been given or on considering inertial frame of reference, upon one integration of acceleration we obtain velocity …show more content…
e) Providing data on ongoing traffic problems and suggests a better alternative route to drivers destination.
There are basically 5 types of navigation systems:
a) Pilotage: this type of navigation system basically depends on using landmarks visible to sight as reference. Mostly used in the early human life.
b) Dead reckoning: this type of navigation mainly relies on the estimated values of the previous results and calculates the vehicles current position.
c) Celestial navigation: this is a type of navigation where the position of the vehicle or a body is calculated by using the position of celestial bodies as reference using time and angles between the celestial objects we know and local vertical (e.g., sun, moon, or stars).
d) Radio navigation: this type of navigation makes use of radio frequencies to locate the position of the object on earth.
e) Inertial navigation: which relies on knowing your initial position, velocity, and attitude and thereafter measuring your attitude rates and accelerations. The operation of inertial navigation systems (INS) depends upon Newton’s laws of classical mechanics. This is the only form of navigation where external references are not relied
1) What important directions and coordinate systems help you find your way around the sky?
13. What important directions and coordinate systems help you find your way around the sky?
Be able to list and describe the 3 main tools used to measure latitude in early navigation
Celestial navigation: (early 15th century) the act of finding ones way by use of the sun, moon, and stars. By using celestial navigation, it allowed explorers to travel beyond Europe and bring back new ideas. This idea came from the ideas of humanism because they Europeans studied the use of celestial navigation form the ancient
As for Columbus, during his time of travel, celestial navigation (navigation by stars) was being established and unfortunately, he was not able to use such navigation for his travels in its place he used dead reckoning. To use dead reckoning, the course one would travel was measured by a compass and the distance was measured by time, possibly keeping track by the sun or an astrolabe, but most of all it was determined by the speed of the ship. The navigator would find his ships position by measuring his own course and the distance they have sailed from a remembered point possibly landmark or object. With this technique the navigator would measure his course and his distance from it to from another point of the map and mark his new point. It
My explore pt is GPS, gps is now very useful in our daily life, it is used to navigate, and in our modern life there are several types of GPS that be applied in many different ways like meteorological satellite, and of cause navigation satellite and so on
Many explorers used different devices to help them navigate during their exploration. Explores used a device called an astrolabe which was used to figure out latitude at sea. They also used a something called a sextant. Sextants aided sailors and explorers with navigation. They help calculate the distance between the horizon and celestial bodies, like stars and planets. The calculations could then be used to establish how far north or south a person is standing. Explorers also used a magnetic compass. The magnetic compass was an important advance in navigation because it allowed explorers to determine their direction even if clouds concealed their usual astronomical cues such as the North Star. It uses a magnetic needle that can turn freely so that it always points to the north pole of the Earth's magnetic field. Many more devices helped explorers navigate when they were exploring, but
Navigation in ancient times, centuries before such advances as radios, satellites and GPS, relied upon sight, sound and knowledge. The first journey’s upon the sea no doubt relied upon sight and used the costal shores to navigate. Remaining in sight of land to fish and journey short distances along the coast. Venturing farther from shore using unique or recognizable formations as landmarks, the position of the sun, clouds and other indicators of land. The Phoenicians
One technology was an upgrade on the sails of the ships. Two different sails were invented, a square sail and a lateen sail (these triangles were triangular). The square sail is able to catch winds from behind, while the lateen sails are able to catch winds from both behind and on the sides. The sails allowed for more maneuverability, but sometimes forced the ship to take a longer route. To aid in the knowledge of winds and currents, Europeans used a method called the Volta Do Mar. This method sometimes forced mariners to take indirect routes, which sometimes proved to be wise. Two navigational technologies that were used by mariners were the magnetic compass and astrolabe. The magnetic compass showed the crews heading and the astrolabe showed the latitude.
| * shows evidence of information on GPS’s from a brochure and a scientific source * accesses the scientific accuracy of the brochure by identifying areas of comparison in both publications noting any relevant missing information gives supporting statements for the assessment * evaluates the validity of the information in the brochure and gives supporting statements for the assessment * presents clear relevant drawings that show how waves are used in GPS’s * identifies how the properties of waves that make them useful for this type of technology * identifies some current research into the future development of GPS’s
Compass is an instrument for determining directions, as by means of a freely rotating magnetized needle that indicates magnetic north. The compass become very important for navigation. Before compass navigation they navigated with the stars. However, this mean of navigate wouldn’t last long because the stars aren’t out during day and when there is storm the stars aren’t visible either. The weather is unpredictable and this could occur for many days and night. The compass help navigate through storm and when star wasn’t visible, making traveling across the sea easier.
uncharted space my navigation system has been on limited use by some form of interference. though i may not be able to travel directly back my environmental sensors have
Navigation has always played a key role in all aspects of human life. Although modern technology has simplified travel and airplanes are used constantly, ships continue to be an important part of trade and military systems today. This was especially the case around the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Colonialism was built on navigation and whoever held the greatest naval power could gain the greatest control. However, because of the difficulties that came from calculating location while at sea, navigation became the greatest scientific challenge in the age of sailing.
When you look up at the night sky with an untrained eye all it looks like is a jumbled mess of stars, possibly arranged in a few patterns you recognize, but not a thing of order. However, over the tens of thousands of years that humanity has gazed at the stars we have developed a system to sort and navigate around the night sky. Basic celestial navigation is also made possible with this system, and you can easily determine your latitude if you know how.
This essay examines the question: How does GPS rely on geometry and trigonometry now that there are satellites? Has the function of geometry and trigonometry in triangulation and navigation changed since satellites were