Age of Revolutions Essay

The French Revolution was caused by social inequality, economic depression,mistreatment from the monarchy, and the new idea of the Enlightenment Era.

In the years leading up the Revolutionary War, American colonist grew increasingly resistant to British authority over the colonies. The British passed a series of taxes that sparked controversy of Parliaments authority to pass legislation over the colonies. These events eventually lead to the Boston Tea party, which was a protest of the Tea Act and British rule. The British response to escalating situation in Boston was a show of force placing the city under military rule. These actions untied the Americans colonies under the goal of Independence. The American Revolution was lost by the British due to supply and terrain issues, unclear strategy, and military miscalculations.

The Boston Tea Party occurred on December 16, 1773, and is marked as one of the greatest catalysts of the American Revolution. Colonists were enraged by British taxation without proper representation after the French and Indian war. The war had cost the crown dearly and in response, parliament passed the Stamp Act in 1765 and the Townsend Revenue Acts in 1767 as an effort to replenish their depleted treasury. Parliament retraced the Stamp Act and the taxes put in place by the Townsend Acts, except for a duty on tea; a "demonstration of Parliament's ability and right to tax the colonies"("The Boston Tea Party"). This caused patriots across the country to refuse to allow ships of tea to land as a protest of Parliament's unfair taxation on the

This regulation caused stresses between colonists and imperial representatives, who made it clear that the British Parliament would not discourse American protests that the new laws were onerous. British refusal to act to American requests for adjustment endorsed colonists to debate that they were part of a progressively dishonest and overbearing empire in which their traditional rights were endangered. This situation ultimately acted as the base for the colonial Declaration of Independence. Boston Tea Party in 1763, the British government developed from the Seven Years’ War loaded by heavy debts. This led British Prime Minister George Grenville to cut duties on sugar and molasses but also to urge the law more firmly. Since enforcement of these duties had formerly been negligent, this eventually increased income for the British Government and assisted to raise the taxes funded by the colonists. The colonial governments of New York and Massachusetts sent strict letters of dissent to Parliament. The end of the war had additionally carried about a postwar recession, and British traders began to appeal expense for debts that colonists had gained buying

The American Revolution was the consequence of British dominance over the colonies. The French and Indian War ended the British policy of laissez faire on colonies, causing the British to sanction taxes in order to strengthen the empire and pay off its debt. Taxation without representation exemplified by the Stamp Act, Sugar Act, and Townshend Acts angered the colonists, who believed they were being unfairly punished. Additionally, events such as the Boston Massacre and Boston Tea Party elevated British resentment and hostilities. The shared desire for independence united the colonists in fighting against the British, and encouraged them in shaping their own societies, causing political, economic, and social change. Politically, land rights

The American Revolution was triggered, by many laws that were passed between 1763 and 1775 that controlled trade and taxes. This legislation caused pressure between colonists and imperial officers, who had made it clear that the British Parliament would not address American complaints relating that the new laws were “too difficult”. The British unwilling participation to react to American demands for modification allowed colonists to argue that they were part of an increasingly corrupt and oppressive empire in which traditional liberties were threatened.

The passing of a series of laws regulating trade and tax, most notably the Sugar Act (1764), the Stamp Act (1765), and the Tea Act (1773) increased tension between Great Britain and its colonies in the period 1763-1776. Near the end of the French and Indian War, Great Britain was in desperate need of money to pay for their war debts. The British Parliament believed that they had a right to tax their colonies. Their legislations placed duties on certain imports that had never been taxed before. By the end of 1764, tensions heightened between colonists and imperial officials as they were disagreeing more and more about how the colonies should be taxed and governed. These feelings of dissatisfaction would soon swell into rebellion, leading to the American Revolution.

The revolution resulted, among other things, in the overthrow of the Bourbon monarchy in France and in the establishment of the First Republic. It was generated by a vast complex of causes, the most important of which were the inability of the ruling classes of nobility, clergy, and bourgeoisie to come to grips with the problems of state, the indecisive nature of the monarch, impoverishment of the workers, the intellectual ferment of the Age of Enlightenment, and the example of the American Revolution. Recent scholarship tends to downplay the social class struggle and emphasize political, cultural, ideological, and personality factors in the advent and unfolding of the conflict. The Revolution itself produced an equally vast complex of

These three eras of revolution showcase various changes and continuities. The three-hundred year span features revolutions that started because of an assortment of different reasons, while many of them are practically duplicates in their results of the conflict, such as a government being abolished. Although these revolutions present diverse changes over time, the essence of almost every revolution in all three time periods reveals significant continuities between them.

The four major events during the period of 1763-17751 led to the conflict between colonial America and Great Britain are the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, Tea Act, Continental Congress. First of all, in February 1765, Grenville escalated his revenue program with the stamp act, precipitating a major conflict between Britain and the colonies over Parliament’s right to tax. The Stamp Act imposed a tax on all paper used for official documents —newspapers, pamphlets, court documents, licenses, wills, ships’ cargo lists — and required an affixed stamp as proof that the tax had been paid. The Act intensified the conflict between the colonial and Parliament Colonists’ believed that Parliament had no right to tax the colonies. Sons of Liberty stopped stamped papers from being unloaded at docks. Merchants organized a boycott of British goods. They demanded Parliament repeal the Act. In 1766 Parliament repeal the Act. Secondly, Townshend proposed new taxes in the old form of a navigation act. Officially called the Revenue Act of 1767, it established new duties on tea, glass, lead, paper, and painters’ colors imported into the colonies, to be paid by the importer but passed on to consumers in the retail price. Dozens of towns begin to boycott of all British-made goods. British Imports fell by more than 40 percent. In 1770 The Townshend Duties are Repealed Under financial pressure from the colonists ' non-importation policy, Parliament

The Colonists reacted by creating the non-importation agreement which led to the Stamp Act being repealed in 1766. King George also passed the Tea Act in 1773, which gave the British East India Company a monopoly on tea trade in America. This lead to the Boston Tea Party, which was essentially the colonists disguised as Indians throwing millions of dollars’ worth of tea into the Boston Harbor. It was a short act of defiance for the British but the British ended up passing the Intolerable Acts in 1774. The Intolerable Acts were a set of acts including the Boston port Act which closed the Boston Harbor, the Quaternary Act which allowed British Soldiers to stay in colonist’s homes and the colonists

The age of revolution was a powerful dynamic age in the European politics and the European Society that started in 1789 and ended in 1848. During this era, radical citizens and reforming governments in Europe changed the existing laws and the ruling structure in a way that created the forms of the existing modern Europe states. The age was very revolutionary as it gave the introduction to new systems within Europe. The era was both an age of destruction as well as a catalyst for growth. Also, the impacts during this age changed the world socially, politically, and economically. The age even from the fact that it was centered in the Franco-British axe, extended around the world in a way that changed the global old regime domination to the current complex and modern world.

The French Revolution (1789-1814) was a period that affected the outcome of world history tremendously. This is considered a major turning point in European history which has led to dramatic changes in France and other regions of the world. Various social and political issues led to the start of the revolution. Politically, France suffered under the rule of Louis XVI, who ruled by absolute monarchy. Many people had their natural rights renounced and weren’t able to have a political voice. Socially, France had divided its population within 3 estates (classes). French citizens took it upon themselves to remodel their country 's’ political structure. The French Revolution had encountered both positive and negative effects. However, many Europeans viewed the Revolution as much more than just a bloody massacre. The French Revolution was used to demonstrate new ideology that would emphasize the principles of liberty and equality throughout Europe.

The Age of Revolutions is often a term used for a period of time, usually between 1760 -1848. Although the term encompasses many revolutions across the globe, it isn’t very often that these events are examined as a whole; compared and contrasted to show the similarities, differences, and even some potential catalytic properties between them. The book The Age of Revolutions in Global Context, c. 1760-1840, put together and edited by David Armitage and Sanjay Subrahmanyam, is a book of essays collaborated on by many authors. Armitage and Subrahmanyam claim, “it is to the task of reinterpreting them that this volume contributes by viewing the Age of Revolutions as a complex, broad, interconnected, and even global phenomenon.” (Armitage,

Revolutions has long been a common event for Europeans living during the 1820’s through the 1840’s. All walks of life engaged in these revolutions. From proletariats to young army officers to professors and even to the common unemployed peasants. These citizens ensured a future for their countries by way of bloodshed and protest.