Alka Seltzer Lab Report

The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effect of the temperature of the water on the reaction of the tablet. There was a difference between the tablet in the cold water and the tablet in warm water. The tablet in cold water took 32.17 seconds to completely dissolve, and it took the tablet in warm water 26.67 seconds to completely dissolve. The hypothesis is that if one puts a tablet in cold water and one in warm water, then the water in cold water will take a longer time to dissolve and the tablet in the warm water will dissolve faster was supported. I got this result because the added energy in the hot water causes water molecules to move faster which make the tablet dissolve faster, and the tablet in colder water took a longer time because the cold water is condensed. This experiment relied on the temperature of the water how cold and how hot the water is. Perhaps this experiment could be improved by seeing the temperature of the water and how

Experimental Method: Polyethylene glycol 3350(PEG) was placed in water in order to measure the amount of time it took for the PEG to dissolve. The amount of both PEG and water were the same for each trial, the only changing factor was the temperature of the water. Timing started the moment PEG was placed into water, and the timer was stopped once PEG was dissolved.

Three different solvents were used and measured out equally, and then timed to see how fast 2g of sugar can dissolve into them. It was hypothesized that if the density of the solvent increased, then the time it takes the solute to dissolve will decrease. The data shows that sugar dissolved only in water with an average of 42 seconds to dissolve. Vegetable oil and rubbing alcohol both took over 2 minutes and were not completely dissolved yet.

The purpose of this investigation is to find out if the coating on pills makes it harder to dissolve.

After completing my experiment I came to a number of conclusions for each solute, the first solute that I tested was Potassium chloride and as soon as I finished recording my data I came to a number of interesting conclusions. First, as mentioned in my observations, in each attempt the numbers were very similar in conductivity. This means that the data collected was very accurate since the numbers didn't change to much. Also, the Potassium chloride was the hardest solute to dissolve in water. This means that the solute is very saturated comparing to the other solutes that I tested. In conclusion the Potassium chloride was very unique comparing to the other solutes that I tested throughout my experiment.

The purpose of this experiment was to determine which solvent (water or 70% isopropyl alcohol) is better at dissolving salt. The hypothesis for this experiment was, “If we pour a spoonful of salt into water and a spoonful of salt into isopropyl alcohol, then the salt will dissolve faster in the water than the isopropyl alcohol because water is polar and can break apart the salt molecules (NaCl) to cause it to dissolve faster. In this experiment, salt was poured into each solvent and stirred for a specific time until the salt dissolved. The time it took for the salt to dissolve in each solvent was recorded and compared.

The purpose of this lab was determining which alkali metal carbonate composes a given unknown sample by using three different methods. These three methods of flame test, simple weight loss calculation, and gravimetric analysis method were used to identify the properties and the molar mass of the unknown given sample. After doing the previous tests, it was discovered that the metal was Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate), and the mass of the molar mass was 37.158 g/mol, and the recovery rate was 95.58%.

This lab investigates the question what is the effect of cinnamon, baking powder, and baking soda in the rate of cellular respiration? Fermentation is the chemical breakdown of substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation

While an under-fermented probiotic may harbor pathogens or fail to develop the beneficial nutrients, an over-fermented probiotic (higher in acetic acid) may overburden the stomach’s digestive juices. Here's why. The acidic pH aids the stomach’s digestive juices and helps break down food and relieve stagnation. Acetic Acid from Kombucha and Lactic Acid from kefir are all weak acids. When ingested, they react with minerals such as Calcium, Sodium, Potassium and Magnesium in the body tissue and blood, to form alkalies. This reaction is termed Alkaline-forming

Solubility increases with temperature because the increase in kinetic energy allows the solvent molecules to break apart the solute molecules that are held together by intermolecular attractions.

The most commonly used water miscible cosolvents are polyethylene glycol 300 and 400, propylene glycol, ethanol, glycerin, dimethylacetamide (DMA), N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylsulfoxide. Yalkowsky, S.H. et al studied effect of cosolvents on solubility of cyclosporin A in presence of propylene glycol, poly ethylene glycol, tetra hydro furfuryl alcohol, glycerine, ethanol [31]. Poly ethylene glycol 400, Propylene glycol, Ethanol has been used as co solvent for increasing solubility of Ibuprofen [35]. Poly ethylene glycol 400, water can be used as co solvent to enhance the solubility of Valdecoxib [36]. Solubility of carbendazim can be increased by using cosolvents poly ethylene glycol 400, propylene glycol, glycerine, and ethanol

The definition of solubility is a property of a solid, liquid, or gas solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gas solvent. The two parts of a solution are the solvent and the solute. When a solute is dissolved, particles of the solute leave each other and become surrounded by particles of the solvent. In this lab, we tested stirring speed, concentration, particle size, and temperature and their effect on solubility. The question was, “How can you control the rate at which certain salts dissolve in water?” My hypothesis for stirring speed was, “If stirring speed is increased, then solubility is increased.” My hypothesis for concentration was, “If concentration is increased, then solubility is decreased.” My hypothesis for particle size was, “If particle size is increased, then solubility is increased.” My hypothesis for temperature was, “If temperature is increased, then solubility is increased.”

Before any medicine can work, it must dissolve before absorption can take place. The process of dissolution followed by absorption determines, in part, the bioavailability of the drug (Reckitt Benckiser). Dissolution is a process where a drug is released, dissolved and is available for absorption (Reckitt Benckiser).

The purpose of this experiment is to determine the identity of an unknown solid by measuring its solubility. Solubility is the concentration of a saturated solution. A saturated solution is one that has completely dissolved in water. Another way to define solubility is the maximum mass of solid that can dissolve in 100ml of water at a given temperature. In addition, solubility is a characteristic property, and its units are grams per 100 ml of water. Some key terms to know relating to solubility are the solute and the solvent. The solute is the substance that is being dissolved, while the solvent is the substance that is doing the dissolving. In our experiment, the unknown solid is the solute and the water is the solvent.

The hypothesis for this experiment was that the crushed tablet will be the fastest to dissolve, while the whole tablet will be the slowest. Which leaves the four piece tablet in the middle. This hypothesis held to be true. A potential error could have been the water wasn’t the same temperature for all the experiments which could have affected individual data which would affect the class average data.