American Timber: In-Depth Approach Toward Wood Derivative Markets and Deforestation Legislation

“The newly enacted customs regulations have had a most detrimental effect upon business. The original reforms back in 1763 and the Sugar Act of the following year have provided for what seem to me unlawful searches and seizures of ships and cargo. Violators of the law have had their ships and cargo taken by the British who in turn sell the assets. The proceeds are divided into thirds split evenly amongst the English treasury, the governor of the respective colony, and lastly the officers responsible for prosecuting the

The Navigation Act of 1651 was an attempt to put more control over where and who England could trade with. It was decided that only English ships could carry goods that were going to and from the colonies. The English government was trying to have a close watch on England’s Imports and Exports. This

”(Foner 117) By the end of the 17th century, commerce was the foundation of empire and the leading cause of competition between European empires. Explain how the North American colonies were directly linked to Atlantic commerce by laws and

To insure that the American colonies would contribute to this overall sense of British wealth, various Navigation Acts were passed beginning in 1650 to regulate trade between the colonies, England, and the rest of the world. In many cases, ships carrying American products to other European countries had to stop in England first to pay duties before continuing onward. Also, goods traveling to and from America had to be

Over the previous 150 years the colonies had attracted an ever-increasing number of immigrants and grown steadily in themselves so that they now contained significant urban centers such as Philadelphia and Boston, a large population free and slave of 1,593,625 in 1770, an abundance of land with the prospect of more to the west -now free bar the Indians rapidly being more fully used by the growing population it attracted, and a growing number of manufacturing industries. These were significant because the traditional model of colonies had been to serve as exporters of raw materials and staple goods to Britain and purchasers of manufactured goods, all along the protected trading lines of the Navigation Act. But the mainland American colonies

The farmers in the Chesapeake region began to plant tobacco everywhere they could since the land was perfect for it. In fact, since there was such a demand for it, tobacco began “[d]ominating the [Chesapeake] region after 1622[. T]obacco remained the staple of the Chesapeake colonies and its phenomenal rise is one of the most remarkable aspects of our colonial history.” The Chesapeake colonies played a significant role in the ‘Triangle Trade’ otherwise known as the relationship between the trades in Africa, America, and Europe. Chesapeake supplied tobacco to England. England would then sell that tobacco and supply finished goods to the colonies. England brought slaves from Africa to work on Chesapeake plantations using rum imported from New England. As more slaves were brought to America the colonies would produce more tobacco ready to be exported to England. “Import of tobacco into England increased from 60,000 pounds in 1622 to 500,000 in 1628 and to 1,500,000 pounds in 1639.” Agriculture dominated every part of life in the Chesapeake region, from family life to religion to the economy. In contrast, since agriculture played since a miniscule role in New England the average family life and role of religion and the economy of New England varied greatly from that in

(Devore, Lecture #3.) Even though most of the credit was issued from England, it allowed the colonists to buy more things and further strengthen and enhance the cohesiveness of the colonies. By this time the colonies had already well established external trade relationships with both the Indians and other countries. One of their major trade partners was the West Indies, where the colonists procured molasses from which they made rum. (Devore, Lecture #3.) All of these economic developments – consumerism amongst the colonies, Anglicizing of the colonies, the newfound availability and use of credit and the abundance of external trade – play a major role in the reasons that lead up to the American Revolution.

Dictating that Massachusetts produce a certain annual allowance of cotton for the crown would be ridiculous. Due to distance, the Crown was unable to directly regulate economic policy and trade within the colonies so the colonists were forced to devise a regulatory system. This system allowed “a young business man [to] borrow money and move into trade, challenging the commercial position of older, more experienced merchants” (Text, 51).

In the 1650’s, the British government longed to embellish its authority and establish more centralized control governing its Colonies. Parliament established the Navigation Acts which only allowed British vessels to ferry

America took great pride in their bustling, robust economy that was built from nothing. From the Columbian Exchange after Columbus’s discovery of America in 1492, to Triangular Trade in the eighteenth-century America

I was unaware of how grueling and unpredictable the process was. I did not realize that in order for New England colonists to make one a trade with a country that is owned by the British as well they would have to sell their goods to the merchants, the merchants had to try their hand overseas to see if they make safely into a new port with their goods, then they have to see if they can sell their goods at a lower price than they bought it for, and so many more steps. Learning about all the steps that people in the 17th century had to take to trade only a few goods makes me so grateful for how efficient getting products from other countries is now, and I believe the early trading system paved the way for our trading now which is very cool to me. In terms of the article, I read there were a lot of

Navigation acts: laws that restricted the use of foreign ships for the use of trade trade between Britain and its colonies

This new organized commerce law is horrendous for us! We can no more make a benefit by exchanging with the Americans, and the greater part of our trench frameworks and flour plants are no more use to us! We have no benefit! We require assets from different states! Americans Here are some alternate points of view and responses of the new organized commerce law, expressing that Britain would permit merchandise from any nation without duty. The new unhindered commerce law is incredible for us! We can now openly exchange with Great Britain for no assessment, and make a considerably more prominent benefit! Presently we can put resources into more channel frameworks and flour factories to make a fortune! English North American Colonies Great

In the eighteenth century the colonies of New England possessed great economic and demographic potential. They had raw materials and labor power, much of it given by the slaves. They had a great trade, an excellent agricultural production, all they lacked was the license of manufacture which the United Kingdom refused to allow its colonies. According to the traditional scheme the colony was the one that had to produce the raw material, that of the manufactured products already she was in charge, that was of the causes of the independence of the colonies. But let us first address the demographic potential of the new English colonies of North America. In the eighteenth century the most densely populated colonies were New Hampshire, Connecticut,

Oliver Cromwell established the first of the Navigation Acts in 1651. The Navigation Acts were most beneficial to England. There, the desire to increase both military power and private wealth resulted in the mercantile system of the Navigation Acts. The acts required that most goods imported from Europe into England and Scotland (Great Britain after 1707) be carried on British-owned ships with British crews or on ships of the country producing the articles. As time passed, Charles II extended them in 1660 and 1663. Although European society and economy was boosted by the New World crops and slave brought about by the Navigation Acts and the Atlantic Slave Trade, war was also brought upon them.