Ames Test

Directions: Design your own experiment to test some variable of the Diet Coke and Mentos lab. Identify one variable that you will change and test – this will be your Independent Variable.

The purpose of this lab is to test for enzyme activity, look at enzyme specificity, and how temperature affects enzyme activity.

In conclusion, this lab was a failure. Not only was the yield very small upon inspection, but the product’s composition was unknown due to the unknown solution. Given the nature of the lab, little yield was expected and observed, making the lab itself very particular in nature. Add to this the addition of the unknown solution and any produce was astounding. Not only unfortunate, the unknown solution was very dangerous. If it had been some solution that reacted violently with the reagents, there could have been unforeseen damage done to the lab and the individuals

As predicted the E. coli colony transformed with either the PUC18 or the lux plasmid developed an ampicillin resistance. Which made it easier for them to not only survive but also replicate in both the LB agar plates and the LB ampicillin rich agar plate. However the E. coli colony not treated with the plasmids could not survive and colonize in the LB ampicillin rich agar plates. The plate that had no ampicillin in its environment and no plasmid treated E. coli served as a positive control for this experiment because it demonstrated how the E. coli would colonize and grow in a normal setting. The cells in the positive control plate grew into lawn colonies because they were not placed into a selective environment or transformed, so they had no need to acquire ampicillin resistance. Two plates in the experiment contained E. coli cells that were transformed with either the PUC18 or the lux plasmid but were placed in an ampicillin free environment. These two colonies grew

This paper is a Science Fair Project about Coke and Mentos Reaction. This essay is not going to tell you about the experiment but rather background information on the subject. The background information is about Mentos reacting in Coke.

For the temperature test each bacteria was placed on a nutrient agar and incubated for either 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 degrees Celsius for 48 hours. During the pH test, each organism was placed on four agars varying in pH level from pH 2, 4, 6 and 8 and incubated near 37 degrees Celsius for 48 hours. For the osmotic pressure test, each organism was placed on four agars one each containing 2%, 5%, 8%, and 11% NaCl concentration levels. These were incubated near 37 degrees Celsius for 48 hours. The results of the tests are recorded in Tables 1, 2, and 3. All tests were performed according to the instructions provided in Leboffe & Pierce(1). The biochemical tests used on both unknowns and the ubiquity are:

The experiments conducted for this lab report focused on water contamination and filtration. Experiment 1 was effects of groundwater contamination. Oil, vinegar, and laundry detergent were added to clean water with no means of filtration. The clean water was found to be contaminated. A filtration system consisting of cheesecloth and 60 ml of soil was created and the contaminated samples were filtered through it. The soil and cheese cloth did not affectively filter the contaminants. Experiment 2 focused on

The purpose of this lab was to identify if non-labeled food products are actually genetically modified foods. Before we could begin testing this theory we first had to gain an understanding about genetically modified organisms in general. This was rather easy because if you have been to any grocery store lately you have without a doubt seen products with labels saying "GMO-free" or even "contains only non-GMO ingredients." GMO actually stands for Genetically Modified Organisms, and this refers to any products that have been manipulated or altered at the gene level.

In our experiment we are using one of three methods to inject the E.coli bacteria with

The researchers were tasked to investigate phenotypic changes in Paramecia. Paramecia are single celled organisms that have appendages attached to their bodies called cilia. The cilia help by allowing a Paramecium to move away from toxins, and towards a food source. The cilia are important because their water environment lacks movement. In the lab, the Paramecia were grown in flask that contained the wheat media, and the bacteria, Klebsilla pneunomiae, was inoculated into the flask. The wheat media was the ideal environment for a Paramecium to grow; Klebsilla pneunomiae was the food source for the organism. The researchers maintained cultures of Paramecium before they introduced the mutagen caffeine. The students believed that if a culture

A) Based on the data we got some groups had coliforms in their FR water sample but others did not. The same thing occurred with the ML water sample. This was determined by letting the bacteria grow colonies on an EMB plate and these colonial growths indicated that there were coliforms present in the water.

Although the data did not support our hypothesis, it is widely believed that the data was skewed due to an unexpected mistake. The error may have been due to a distribution error prior to the experiment where the ΔmutS and wild type strains were mislabeled and thus all data resulting from the experiment was reversed for both strains. If the data was merely flipped, then our hypothesis still stands true in terms of validity. Due to the deletion of the mutS gene, the bacteria has lost an essential component that repairs mutated recombinant DNA. This will indirectly show a greater number of colonies representing the mutated surviving bacteria.2 The wild-type strain of E. coli still has its mutS gene present and thus reparations to the mutated DNA occurs normally. As seen in the wild-type plates, lower number colonies were present since not enough bacterial colonies were mutating to gain resistance against the rifampicin

Any remaining histidine media was washed off of the C. albicans culture, and then the C. albicans culture was centrifuged. The C. albicans culture was washed twice with SD-min. A seven 10 fold serial dilution for the C. albicans culture was performed using SD-min. A portion of the diluted culture was plated onto each YPD plate. (There were three YPD plates, which were 10-5, 10-6, and 10-7 dilution.)

In analyzing the effect of 2-aminopurine on mutation frequencies of bacterial strain CC102 (ara∆(gpt-lac)5 thi rpsL/F’ lacZ-Y+A+proA+B+ , the bacterial strain CC102 was cultured in LB medium with 2-aminopurine and one LB medium without 2-aminopurine. The bacterial strain CC102 with and without the 2-aminopurine mutagens were diluted to 10-5 and 10-6 and were plated on LB plates with nutrients and sources of carbon compounds for growth. The undiluted bacterial strain CC102 was then plated on minimal medium with thiamine and lactose. In noting the genotype of the bacterial strain, there is a deletion in the lac gene as it is ∆(gpt-lac) and the lacZ gene is not functional, therefore β-galactosidase is not able to cleave lactose into the constituents of glucose and galactose. In table 1.1, when observing the number of mutant colonies on minimal lactose and single cell colonies formed on LB plates with no introduction of the 2-AP mutagen, the mutant colonies were not formed on the minimal lactose yet were formed on the LB nutrient rich plate. For example in looking at group 6 data, 163 colonies were formed on LB medium at 10-6 yet no colonies were formed on minimal lactose with no 2-AP. Since the lac gene and the lacZ gene need to be functional to cleave lactose, it would allow for growth on the minimal medium with lactose but since there was a deletion for the lac gene and lacZ gene was not functional, no growth occurred. However with the introduction of the

Purpose the purpose of this experiment was to perform test to detect the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Explain the importance of a positive and a negative control in biochemical test. Use biochemical test to identify an unknown compound.