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An Overview of Motion Sensing

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Motion sensing is the technique in which a system detects a change in position of an object with respect to its surroundings. This paper gives an overview of motion sensors and its applications, and also points out the problems associated with them.
II. Introduction
Motion sensing is the process of detecting a change in position of an object with respect to its surroundings, or, change in the surroundings with respect to the object.
Motion can be sensed in several ways:
i. Infrared sensing using passive or active sensors ii. Vibration sensing using seismic sensors iii. Sound sensing using acoustic sensors and microphones iv. Optics sensing using video camera systems
Motion sensing is classified into following types:
i. Local motion sensing: An infrared motion detector detects motion in a given area ii. Ultrasonic motion sensing: It uses sound waves to detect motion iii. Microwave motion sensing: Such systems send out microwaves that bounce off an object and return to the sensors.

III. History
[1]Though the study of what would become radar began in the late-19th century, it was World War II that refined it to a useful detection technology. The use of radar made it possible to detect aircraft, and eventually undersea aggressors, before they could become dangerous to targets. This early use of radar was strictly confined to military applications.
As the war wound down, Samuel Bagno used his knowledge of radar to develop the first motion sensors in the mid-1940s. He called his

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