The aim of this experiment is to follow the elemental copper through a series of physical and chemical changes as a result of various chemical reactions all of which will be classified according to the type of reaction. In addition, the resulting copper was returned to its elemental state was weighed and the per cent recovery of pure copper was calculated. The first reaction that took place in the copper cycle was the addition of 16.0M Nitric Acid to the copper wire.ii iii iv v This reaction resulted in the wire being covered in bluish-green bubbles, the solution of nitric acid turning emerald green, and the production of a yellow-brown, foul smelling gas, NO2. This reaction had to be performed in the fume hood because the gas given off by …show more content…
The colour change and the production of NO2 gas are strong indicators of chemical reactions in addition to the resulting warmth of the beaker, indicating that the addition of nitric acid to elemental copper is an exothermic reaction. The second reaction consisted of adding 3.0M NaOH to the solution in order to form Cu(OH)2.ii iii iv v The resulting solution turned a dark, royal blue colour as well as becoming cloudy and opaque as a result of a precipitate being created. The beaker was also hot during the reaction, implying an exothermic reaction took place. The heat, colour change, and formation of a precipitate all signs of a chemical reaction. The third reaction consisted of heating the resulting solution on a hot plate for twenty minutes while stirring, resulting in the formation of CuO.ii iii iv v While heating, the solution changed from the previous royal blue colour, to a brownish-black coloured solution with more visible chunks. When …show more content…
In relation to this experiment, the per cent recovery, or “how much of the original pure copper mass recovered at the end of the experiment”ii iii iv v should be 100% because all of the copper should return to elemental form. However, the per cent recovery from this experiment was calculated to be 56.5% recovery, much lower than the anticipated value, and therefore does not appear to support the Law of the Conservation of Mass. One explanation for the per cent recovery being too low would be that some copper was lost while decanting the solution after reaction three. The time constraints also should be taken into consideration, as if the reaction resulting in the precipitation of copper by the aluminium wire was allowed to run longer, more of the copper could have been precipitated out of solution, closing the gap toward the 100% recovery. The product of the reaction was a dark reddish brown colour. This could have been the result of the sample still containing some of the CuSO4 that was not washed off and therefore, resulting in a darker colour. The copper could have also been slightly overheated when using the steam bath, thereby leading to tarnishing on some copper as a result of oxidation with the air making it slightly impure and darker in
The Cu Later lab experiment is designed to allow you to practice lab skills in implementing and performing a series of reactions. Specifically, four types of chemical reactions will occur: oxidation/reduction; double replacement; single replacement; and decomposition. You will begin with a known amount of copper metal, which, after progressing through several steps, is reproduced. In this experiment you will observe and record the various changes such as heat, color changes, and production that occur. This procedure is used to observe some chemical reactions of copper and its compounds while also performing the lab appropriately as to retain the copper as much as
In this experiment, the solid copper metal was weighed to get the initial mass to later compare the mass to the copper after all the reactions. The copper was put into a 250 ml beaker under the fume hood in order to measure excess amounts of 15.8 M nitric acid, HNO3 because the copper has to be the limiting reactant in order to change the state of matter of the copper. It needs to be aqueous instead of a solid. (Cu(s) + 4 HNO3 (aq) -> Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 NO2 (g) + 2 H2O (aq)). After the reactants have reacted, 25 mL of water was added to the beaker to dilute the dangerous acid in the beaker for safety. Then 4 squirts of potassium hydroxide, KOH, was added to react with what’s now in the beaker, Cu(NO3), and this caused another reaction to happen (Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 KOH (aq) -> Cu(OH)2 (s) + 2 KOH3 (aq)). Now the
Copper wire turned white when submerged in distilled water, little crystal-like substances forming on copper
In this report, the President of Queensland’s Children’s Court, Michael Shanahan, provides an overview of juvenile justice in the period 2013-14. This includes a summary of the latest trends, which suggests a decrease in the number of youth offenders. Shanahan, a stakeholder in this issue, raises the idea that new amendments to the Youth Justice Act 1992 (Qld) creates a more punitive approach to sentencing, which can cause recidivism. While the first part of the report is not entirely objective, the reliability of the resource is restored after Shanahan’s overview with the many tables, statistics and graphs available to peruse. Of the many Children’s Court annual reports available to the public, this report is the most recent and contains
3) Repeat the drying process just to be sure that the copper is completely dry, and again determine the mass of the copper and the beaker.
The Copper Cycle is a popular experiment used to determine if an element, in this instance, copper, reverts to its elemental form after a chain of reactions. This experiment is very dangerous because of the reactions between the strong acids and bases. In this experiment I performed a series of reactions starting with copper metal and nitric acid to form copper (II) nitrate. Then I reacted copper and several other solutions such as, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, ammonium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid to form precipitates. In conclusion my percent recovery
In this experiment an elemental copper was cycled a series of five reactions where it ended with pure elemental copper as well, but at different stages of the cycle the copper was in different forms. In the first reaction, elemental copper was reacted with concentrated nitric acid where copper changed the form from solid to aqueous. Second reaction then converted the aqueous Cu2+ into the solid copper II hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) through reaction with sodium hydroxide. The third reaction takes advantage of the fact that Cu(OH)2 is thermally unstable. When heated, Cu(OH)2 decomposes (breaks down into smaller substances) into copper II oxide and water. When the solid CuO is reacted with sulfuric acid, the copper is returned to solution as an ion (Cu2+). The cycle of reactions is completed with the
The main objective of this experiment is to differentiate between a physical change and a chemical change.
Experimental approach: In the first reaction, copper metal turnings oxidize when put in contact with nitric acid and become copper nitrate.
When one looks back at the procedure of the experiment, trials 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 all use 6 M HCl for their reactions, and if this were to be substituted for 6 M HNO3, then these reactions would have still taken place, except in trial 2 because copper is less reactive than hydrogen in all cases, but their final observations may yield different colored solids and solutions (Beran,
In this task the concentration of an unknown sample of copper sulphate using colorimetry was used to find the concentration. In this investigation copper sulphate was used which is CuSO4.5H20 as a formula. To make a standard solution which was 1M, the same clean equipment was used to make up the standard solution as used to make sodium carbonate. However there was one difference and that was that the hot distilled water was used to dissolve the copper sulphate crystals. There had to be enough hot water in order to dissolve the crystals into the beaker and then add cold distilled water to cool the solution.
Before the synthesis of the Copper Iodine Compound, the identities provided (CuNO3)2 and Nal weighed 1.65 g and 4.7 g, respectively. After being weighed, the (CuNO3)2 exhibited a blue color, while the Nal, through observation, was a white color. However, when both identities were combined, the product turned into a brown and red rocky material. Once 20 mL of deionized water was added, the product quickly turned pale pink paste. After the solution was repeatedly washed with a total of an additional 100 mL of deionized water, the product was powdery and pink with small grains, and was left to air-dry. Once the product was air dried, it was observed to be a pale pink color, while the filter paper was stiff as the product was hard and dry. Therefore, the solid was scraped off onto a recrystallizing dish. However, the mass of an empty recrystallizing dish needed to be recorded in order to compare how much of the synthesized copper iodide was obtained. Within this case, the empty recrystallizing dish used weighed 32.01 g, the product on the empty dish weighed 1.03 g, having a total weight of 33.04 g.
In the first reaction, 0.95 g of pure copper was reacted with 4.0 mL of concentrated nitric acid under the fume hood. The solution was swirled until all of the copper had dissolved. The balanced equation for this reaction is as follows:
At the end of the experiment when the lid was removed, it was found out that the blue colour of the copper (II) sulphate solution has faded away. It was turned to pale grey and there were some precipitates present. It was the zinc powder that was in excess to ensure that the copper (II) sulphate solution could react fully with the zinc powder.
Copper: Electroplating and metalworking industries discharge large amounts of heavy metals, including copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) ions, in their effluents [Ting-Chu et al. 2009]. Environmental contamination due to copper is caused by mining, printed circuits, metallurgical, fiber production, pipe corrosion and metal plating industries. The other major industries discharging copper in their effluents are paper and pulp, petroleum refining and wood preserving. Agricultural sources such as fertilizers, fungicidal sprays and animal wastes also lead to water pollution due to copper. Copper may be found as a contaminant in food, especially shell fish, liver, mushrooms, nuts and chocolates. Any packaging container using copper material may contaminate