African American Literature has been around for many centuries. The authors of these literary pieces are usually written by African Americans that live through or experienced the hardships blacks had to encounter during that time period. African Americans believed that one of the ways to be heard by the people was through poetry. In Nikki-Rosa and Two Poems, we are able to see a glimpse of how blacks were viewed by the whites. Also, how whites did not value African Americans as human beings. Through Nikki Giovanni and Haki R. Madhubuti poems, we can understand what the literature meant, what it meant to be an African American in those times, what we are not taught in a normal classroom, and what this meant for empowerment.
Nikki Giovanni expresses in her poem, Nikki-Rosa, how she could not come to see a white person writing her biography. She feels as if a white person would not be able to write about her life if they have never gone through or experienced the things she has encountered. A white person would only focus on the bad events in her life such as " your father's pain as he sells his stock/ and another dream goes" (16-17). The white biography would never talk about the happy times in her life. Giovanni mentioned in her poem that " but only that everybody is together and you/ and your sister have happy birthdays and very good christmasses" (22-23). Africans Americans seemed to believe that whites only saw from the outside. Whites only saw that African Americans
The poem, “Nikki-rosa” written by Nikki Giovanni, an African American poet, who was born in 1943. During the sixties, she emerged as a black poet whose militancy during the civil rights movement made her immensely popular. In 1968, she published the poem “Nikki-rosa”. In the poem “Nikki-rosa”, she uses her childhood as the basis of this story. Nikki-rosa communicates through her childhood memories, the belief that white people and black people have fundamentally different ideas about wealth and happiness. That white people and black people see their personal life experiences differently. Wealth for black people is love, family, and togetherness; not tangible items. The sense of community and acceptance was more valuable than having even an
Literature offered an approach for African-Americans to demonstrate their humanity and an ability for creative invention and imaginary thought. Writing later developed into an instrument through which African-Americans could voice not only their rejection of institutionalized racism and slavery but also their desire for equality and freedom. African-American literature continues to be a method in countering the incompetence or misrepresentation of black people in history.
How many times a day do you make choices? Too many to count some would say, you made a choice just now to think about if you wanted to count how many times you made choices. Sometimes you have a choice and other times you do not. Most times you only get stuck with one choice and you have to deal with it. In addition, it might not be the choice or decision you would have hoped for but you go with it. A choice is making a decision between two or more possibilities. In the poem, Choices by Nikki Giovanni she writes a very short but meaningful poem about decisions and choices that she makes. Giovanni wrote this poem in the year of 1978; the year her father passes away. Throughout the poem Giovanni expresses her need to feel conform
When Langston Hughes was writing his poems, he wanted the reader to get a dive into the life of the black Americans during the Harlem Renaissance. In most of his work, Langston writes about the truth and their actual culture such as, both, their love for music and suffering during this time. In Blues
In Hughes poem “Note on the commercial Theatre” he started off with an angry tone, upset that African American music was used by the whites, but the African Americans didn’t receive the credit for the artistic work: “You’ve taken my blues and gone you sing them on Broadway” (1043). Furthermore, at the end of the poem Hughes does expresses a powerful ending, our culture is beautiful, but you will never be me: “Black and beautiful and sing about me, and put on plays about me! I reckon it’ll be me myself” (1043)! Hughes poems focused on the urban cultures, while Zora Neale Hurston short story “How it feels to be Colored Me” focused on her as a woman who is discovering herself and her worth.
Do you feel that your movement is limited due to your appearance? Nikki Giovanna, author of the poem Choices, is an activist, writer, educator, and poet who originally published this poem in 1972 in a collection of poetry titled My House. Furthermore, Giovanna’s inspiration towards creating this poem is the Black Arts Movement, Civil Rights Movement, Equal Rights Amendment, and through her personal experiences as an African American female. This poem cornerstones the dilemma of the African American race.
Nikki Giovanni's "Poem for Black Boys" is a poignant literary work that addresses several issues concerning the young black male in America and the conflicting views taken by members of the African-American community during the Civil Rights Movement with an inclination towards the peaceful movement perpetuated by the likes of Dr. Martin Luther king, Jr. and his non-violent contemporaries. Giovanni's use of allusion, imagery and the sardonic humor of the speaker blend effortlessly to denounce all of the negative connotation of the young African-American male and to sound the battle-cry to black male youths that while society-at-large may place them in a box, it is up to them to prove society wrong.
Giovanni became more interested in poetry after she was expelled from Fisk University for disagreeing with the Deans and teachers about politics. She never followed the rules of the school which was also part of her reasons of getting expelled. She got her opinions out politics through newspapers such as Negro Digest and Black World (Cook). She was very active in politics at the time, which helped build her career and fame. Giovanni became well
During the 1920’s a new movement began to arise. This movement known as the Harlem Renaissance expressed the new African American culture. The new African American culture was expressed through the writing of books, poetry, essays, the playing of music, and through sculptures and paintings. Three poems and their poets express the new African American culture with ease. (Jordan 848-891) The poems also express the position of themselves and other African Americans during this time. “You and Your Whole Race”, “Yet Do I Marvel”, and “The Lynching” are the three poems whose themes are the same. The poets of these poems are, as in order, Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen, and Claude Mckay.
Many black poets challenged racism through the composition of stirring poetry and prose, using their gifts as a means of expressing their sentiments of the inequities they suffered, and their desire to see and experience equality and freedom from racism. Novelists likewise detailed the humiliation and suffering of black Americans, challenging the place that whites had relegated them to and the offhanded dismissal of their value as individuals. Music and singing were other avenues by which artists questioned racist policies and expressed their longing for equality.
One of the foremost poets of the Harlem Renaissance was Langston Hughes. Many of Hughes' poems are about the act of writing poetry, justifying African-American poets' right to speak and create verse, which was denied in previous eras. The act of literacy for African-Americans was depicted as a radical, self-conscious act in Hughes' output. This is explicitly seen in Hughes' poem "Theme for English B." The poem very literally portrays a young, African-American man (presumably Hughes himself) being given an assignment by a white teacher to write about himself. The poet is forced into a paradox he is in a white-run institution, using the language of whites, and yet he must speak about himself truthfully:
Langston Hughes is a famous poet known mostly for his contribution to the Harlem Renaissance. He wrote many inspirational poems that are still read and used for educational purposes. Many of his poems were inspired by his life and his story. One of his many poems entitled “Theme for English B” talks about how his teacher instructed him to write a page about himself and it will be true. In a “Theme for English B”, Hughes uses tone, and characterization to display a relationship between race and writing.
“The Harlem Renaissance was a time where the Afro-American came of age; he became self-assertive and racially conscious… he proclaimed himself to be a man and deserving respect. Those Afro-Americans who were part of that time period saw themselves as principals in that moment of transformation from old to new” (Huggins 3). African Americans migrated to the North in great numbers to seek better lives than in the South as the northern economy was booming and industrial jobs were numerous. This movement brought new ideas and talents that shifted the culture forever. Black writers, such as Langston Hughes, used their work to claim a place for themselves and to demand self-respect in society. Poems that Langston Hughes wrote captured the essence of the complexity of a life that mixes joy and frustration of black American life through the incorporation of jazz and blues in order to examine the paradox of being black in mostly white America, the land of the not quite free.
Nikki Giovanni uses free verse, hyperbole, and symbolism in her poems, Nikki- Rosa, Ego Tripping, The Beep Beep Poem, and Kidnap Poem. Her style is to make the audience to create a descriptive picture and a deep understanding of Nikki’s perspective of her life of being a Black- American, which she didn’t let the color of her skin stop her from dreaming, creating her own imaginative life in her poet’s world.
Throughout American history, there is a variety of great authors who have brought the many genres of literature we have today. Many hear names like Edgar Allan Poe and automatically think of a dark short story, or two, from his collection of works. But how many authors are there which give strong visualization and experiences that not many individuals may get the chance to examine in their life? Around the early 20th century, African Americans were slowly progressing into being intergraded in society as citizens of America. As there were many complications with this adjustment, African Americans were held back from living what everyone else would call “The American Dream” through the next few decades and still fighting for it. About 1955, the Civil Rights movement began for equal rights of African American citizens to be treated equally as everyone one else. Many activists got involved with the movement to help pave the way for a brighter future. There were powerful leaders like Martin Luther King Jr; Malcom X who was more on the religious side and their voices heard through media around the nation. Then there were leaders like James Baldwin, an author and a Samaritan to African Americans.