In order to explore biological diversity as it occurs at various taxonomic levels, arthropods were taken from a coastal ecosystem for identification and classification. A field trip was taken to the south shore estuary on Long Island, specifically the Lido Preserve, which is a salt marsh habitat. On the island, the class of researchers were split into six teams, with each team comprising of four students. Each team followed the same sampling techniques, indicating an equal sampling effort throughout the process of collecting arthropods. Random samples were not taken, because each team was designated a specific spot, or transect, in the marsh. Since all groups followed the same sampling procedures, this allowed for accurate and precise …show more content…
After the final sweep, the net was flip over to collect the organisms, and i was deposited into the killing jar. As it name implies, the jar was quickly sealed to kill the insects; this took about 2-3 minutes. Once no movement was observed in the jar, the critters were transferred into their respective vials. Two additional samples were also taken for each mark and thus, each mark gave three vials of collected arthropods. The next technique we employed was sampling with the use of beating sheets. All beating samples were taken around area 1, or low marsh. However, the beating sheet were placed in different spots or under different flora throughout the area. First, the beating sheet was positioned about 30-40 cm under vegetation, such as salt marsh cordgrass or branches. We then used the handle of a sweep net to beat the grasses or branches forcefully for at least five times. After that, we used an aspirator to collect all the tiny organisms and transferred them into their respective vials. Similarly to the sweeps, two additional samples were collected for a total of three vials. The final sampling technique was making pitfall traps. Two pitfall traps were placed at low marsh and high above the tide. This was accomplished by digging two holes at several feet apart from one another and placing a cup in each hole. The rim of the cup were positioned so that it was even with the surrounding soil, because the critters
The purpose of our experiment was to observe the behavior of the pill bugs. We were trying to find exactly whether the pill bugs would be attracted or repelled by the chemicals. The chemicals used were vinegar, water, salt solution and a sugar
Although it supports a number of different organisms, Nudgee Beach lacks many of the fundamentals that make up a healthy and successful ecosystem. The first indicator of this is from the lack of birds present in the area. Although it has been noted for terrestrial bird species – such as kingfishers, pelicans, ibis, egrets, jabiru, stilts and heron – and wading bird species – such as golden plovers, curlews, tattlers and godwits – to have been spotted at Nudgee Beach and surrounding areas in the past; after a day’s worth of extensive observation and research, it was found that the birds observed were limited to magpie, ibis, great knot and eastern curlew species. To intensify this factor, at the time by which this lack of species was recorded, Nudgee Beach was expected to have started seeing tens of thousands of birds arrive for the migratory season [21]. This blatant lack of bird species diversity and quantity may have been due to the lack of small organisms within the ecosystem. The restricted number of small organisms at Nudgee Beach is detrimental to the entire ecosystem as these organisms make up the bottom levels of the food web and provide higher-level organisms with adequate amounts of food to consume. The smaller organisms expected to be observed – including; crustacean, shell, mollusc, lizard, frog, fish, worm, arachnid and insect species – was limited to the infrequent observation of crustacean, shell,
The aim of our excursion to Hastings Point, New South Wales was to study the biodiversity and ecology and to see how these organisms behave in their natural habitat and surroundings. There will also be information collected about a variety of different organisms as well as population counts and observe how they have adapted to the species surrounding environment. The excursion will also be an opportunity to gather information on
Silvershell Beach is the home to many different aquatic species and other forms of wildlife. Last lab block the class and I went into the ocean at Silvershell beach and took seven different seine net samples. With each sample we took, we noticed a variety of different organisms. As we moved around different areas of the ocean, we would come out with changing species and number of species that we did not find in other areas of the water. Species we found included sea robin, hermit crabs, moon jellies, minnows, shrimp, eels, and more. Sample one and two were taken from around the same area in the water and there was a reappearance of three of the species. In sample one we found hermit crabs, minnows, moon jellies, and a sea robin. In sample two
The containers were plastic and 18 by 15 by 6 centimeters long. Prior to the experiment being performed, the crickets had spent a week in these residencies. Along with the crickets in the plastic containers, there was wet pieces of paper towel and a slice of carrot.
As a group, we did an experiment of billbug and what kind of water they enjoy to stay. Our team was used for experiment sugar water, salt water and plain water. We measured the material we wanted to use. We used salt for 2.0 g. We used sugar for 2.0 g. and we used plain water for 10 ml. We mixed 10 ml of plain water into 2.0 g of sugar and 10ml plain water into 2.0 g of salt. We placed one tissue for each chamber. We dropped in chamber one the salt water. We dropped chamber two the sugar water. We dropped chamber three the plain water. In the middle of the chambers we placed filter paper. Then we put 5 billbugs and let them free to move anywhere they wanted. After 5 minutes we recorded how many billbugs are on each side of the chamber. We
For the dark environment we cut out a sheet of black paper and taped it to the top of the observation chamber, for the light environment two flashlights were above the chamber. A funnel was used to put the bugs in the middle and keep them there until the timer was started. After thirty seconds when the pill bugs were released our group counted how many bugs were either in the neutral, dark, or light section of the observation chamber this is how the data was collected. This experiment had two trials, so the data, that was collected during both trials were averaged out. During the second experiment that was conducted the pill bugs were once again placed in the middle of the observation chamber with the funnel, but this time one section of the chamber had soil with three drops of water, while the other section of the chamber had soil with 3 drops of vinegar. Once thirty seconds had past after the bugs had been released each member of the group counted how many bugs were on each sections of the chamber. This experiment was done twice and then the data was averaged out the data. This method of collecting data was chosen because this was the simplest and most efficient way of collecting
For this experiment, we used a solid piece of styrofoam tray that served as the confines for our experiment. We then gathered three different types of environments, sand, soil, and a leafy mixture, and separated each equally into each corner of the styrofoam board. We used five pill bugs in the first part of the experiment. This created four different settings on the board that the pill bugs could choose from. For the group part of the experiment, we used one stopwatch to keep a total time that the pill bugs were placed in the styrofoam board, a total of five minutes. For this part of the experiment we did not keep track of the total time that the bugs spent in each environment, but instead recorded the environment that the most bugs were
Throughout this lab, three traps were utilized to obtain the most soil arthropods. They are as followed: berlese funnel trap, pitfall trap, and sifting through soil. The materials needed to set up a berlese funnel are a ten liter soda plastic bottle, (metal holes circular), and lastly soil. The ten liter plastic soda bottle needs to be cut across the top and bottom, making the shape of a cylinder. After putting the soil in the berlese funnel trap, by using a shovel, a heating light is required. To set up the pitiful trap a plastic small cup is required. Then a funnel is placed inside the cup so it is level with the plastic cup. Lastly, rubbing alcohol is required at the bottom of the pitiful fall trap which is necessary for the arthropods found to die. The last method used to discover soil arthropods required a metal bin, shovel, and soil.
The intertidal rocky shore of Caloundra Beach is inhabited by diverse range of biodiversity of animals and plants, many of which have developed high levels of adaptations throughout their existence. The very boundary of marine and terrestrial ecosystem, this environment is subjected to extremes of the physical environment such as temperature, desiccation, wave turbulence as well the ecological interactions that commonly occur in biotic communities (e.g. competition, predation). However Rocky intertidal shores are easily accessible by humans and provide an enjoyable opportunity for passive recreation and for science and environmental education as well.
The ability of biology students and biologists in general to identify species in the wild is important, and especially crucial concerning the specific organisms that they research. It is essential to the success of biological research that biologists they can correctly identify the organisms which they are studying. Improper identification of species in the wild by a biologist could result in incorrect data, misuse of public funds, or a misunderstanding of the trophic structure of an ecosystem, potentially derailing conservation efforts. Biologists are at the core of biological conservation efforts, and having well-trained researchers is imperative. Respected biologists are immensely knowledgeable about their subject matter, including species
Some larva containing vials had hatched into flies. Counting of the flies began at this point. As flies started to grow, at different rates for each vial, with in the first seven days after all larva had hatched the flies were counted. The procedure was done according to theDrosophila manual (45-2620)
To start, our collections sites were fairly close to one another and were all located along Santa Monica Beach; however, populations of sand crabs vary from beach to beach (Barnes & Wenner 1968). Our study was done on a weekday, thus there were fewer people present at the beach than desired for data collection. We also did not count ourselves as part of the human presence. Perhaps a greater number of people, including ourselves in the count, and a greater difference of human presence between the collection sites would yield us with more appropriate results. Furthermore, any human error in collecting the samples, measuring the carapace, or identifying the sex of the sand crabs may have altered our results. We conducted our experiment during the fall season, whereas recruitment is most intense during the spring (Cox & Dudley 1968), possibly resulting in the complete dominance of females over males observed at all three locations. Lastly, factors that were not in our control such as salinity, temperature, tide height, wave impact, and nutrient availbility may have also influenced our
By this time the majority of the macroinvertebrates will have been disturbed and moved into the kick net. From here, the net must be lifted from the bottom until it is level. This step insures that no macroinvertebrates are lost in the process of removing the net. The net must be carried to an even and level surface before being laid down. To collect the macroinvertebrate samples, groups can use spoons, paint brushes, tweezers, and eye droppers. It’s important to look carefully for any macroinvertebrates that are hidden under leaves or small stones and to collect them. This is a step where patience is key, because the macroinvertebrates will begin to move and become more easily visible the longer you wait. The samples should be moved to collection trays and identification can
The aim of this investigation is to look at the distribution of the ornate limpet, (Cellana Ornata) and the radiate limpet (Cellana Radians) on the rocky shore. We went to the rocky shore of Sirens rocks between Island Bay and Owhiro Bay, on Wellington’s South Coast. We are studying how our chosen organisms affect each other’s distribution patterns. We sampled in the low tide zone, mid tide zone, and high tide zone. The rocky shore we explored was 80 metre long, rocky terrain, bare rock platforms with rock gulley’s.