According to Paul and Elder (2012), the intellectual standards of critical thinking and their explanations are as follows : 1. Clarity is a clear statement. Relevancy and accuracy cannot be determined if a statement is unclear. To answer or solve any question there must be clarity. The intellectual task at hand is laid out more definitively (Paul & Elder, 2012). 2. Accuracy is a statement that is true. To state something with accuracy is to say something in accordance with how it actually is (Paul & Elder, 2012). 3. Fairness is to think fairly within context. It is considering other information even if that information goes against what we believe to be true. Fairness is not hurting others to get what we want nor is it manipulating other …show more content…
Point of View- The intellectual standards that are applied to a critical thinker's point of view are fairness, clarity, breadth, relevance. Your point of view should also take other's points of views into consideration, and your points of view should be pertinent to the problem (Paul & Elder, 2012). a) Your point of view needs to be clearly identified. b) Identify and acknowledge other points of view's strengths and weaknesses. c) When considering all points of view strive to be fair-minded (Paul & Elder, 2012). 3. Question or problem- When applying the intellectual standards to answer a question the critical thinker must apply clarity, precision, significance, and relevance to their question. A question must be answerable to be settled and to do this; you must clearly understand the problem (Paul & Elder, 2012). a) State the question at issue clearly and precisely. b) To clarify the meaning and range of the question, state it in different ways. c) Break the question down into smaller questions to gain a better understanding. d) Identify the source of your question and identify whether the question has different viewpoints and has one right answer. e) Think deeply about the details of the question (Paul & Elder,
1) When dealing with a stubborn audience, you need to appeal to their opinions before you appeal to your own
Readdress the concept and the experience with critical thought. That is, what is your response to the content, either positive or negative, and then defend your position. If multiple options/alternatives/positions are present and are being rejected you must also defend the reasons for rejecting an option.
1. Support your ideas with specific, illustrative examples. If there are questions or points associated with your chosen topic,
If I am to develop my personal critical thinking ability, I must first make a conscious choice to understand the basic concept of a premise and then make critical reflection of this basic concept by expanding my thinking approach. To achieve this, I must ask radical questions that will enhance the scope of analysis and judgment. I must move from the region of subconscious thinking to one of conscious thinking because in so doing, I become aware that I am actually thinking. This awareness will allow me to think beyond rudimentary concepts through critical reasoning and critical reflection to decipher underlying issues that are concealed in the concept under investigation. By understanding the predictable
In the text, ‘Learning to Think Things Through’ written by Gerald M. Nosich, he emphasizes the importance of the comprehension of specific concepts that are necessary to achieve critical thinking. One of these concepts includes the seven standards, which he states are clearness, accuracy, relevance, sufficiency, depth, breadth, and precision. In the text he states “Two primary ingredients turn thinking into critical thinking. The first is that critical thinking is reflective thinking… the second is thinking that meet high standards of thinking” (Nosich, 133). Maddow aides the viewers in comprehension of the material by appropriately interpreting the purpose of the information and explaining the implications and consequences resulting from the issues.
The book Slaughterhouse-Five, written by Kurt Vonnegut, is an anti-war book about Vonnegut’s exposure to the vivid events that unfolded during his time at the slaughterhouse in Dresden, Germany and how it affected him. The story is told by Vonnegut through the perspective of the main protagonist, Billy Pilgrim. Billy was a survivor from WWII and the Dresden bombing, but after returning he claims to have traveled through time to explicit memories from life and had been abducted by Tralfamadorians (aliens). However, in the film Slaughterhouse-Five, directed by George Roy Hill, viewers see slight changes to the storyline. Viewers notice that in the opening scene that Vonnegut’s friend Bernard O’Hare and his wife, Mary O’Hare, are never
Critical thinking is the process that allows us to develop, evaluate, and reinforce the strength of our own, as well as other people’s arguments. Critical thinking is an important concept in philosophy, as well as in every other subject, because it allows us to ask deeper questions, and thus, receive deeper answers. Without critical thinking,
As citizens, it is essential to be “Critical thinkers who seek to draw intelligent conclusions” (pg. 3) whether as jurists, voters, parents, students, teachers, workers, managers, attorney. It is important to be able to discern between opinion, propaganda, facts, truth, error, and purposeful deceit. We elect people to speak for us at many levels. We need to be able to comprehend what we are hearing and be willing to utilize all the skills of critical
4. Cross out "Some may disagree with me because." What remains is your purpose for writing.
2.4 Describe ways to ensure that own interactions with individuals respect their beliefs, culture, values and preferences
Browne, Keely, McCall and Kaplan, refers to critical thinking as a "Systematic evaluation of arguments based on explicit rational criteria (1998, p.IX)." The authors go on to state that "critical thinking refers to the following: awareness of a set of interrelated critical questions,
The main concepts presented in the article are the varying definitions of each author on the concept of critical thinking. The information the author uses are definitions which are the opinions of varied authors and are similar in foundation in that to apply critical thinking one must be able to identify a problem, pose a question(s), provide valid supporting evidence, and come to a conclusion. Although the author’s definitions do not identify a problem, questions, evidence, or conclusions, the relationship Petress (2004) shows is that the reader must apply this process themselves as it is not always given. The information used does appear to be relevant, significant, and valid. The references the author listed does provide enough information for me to come to this conclusion. Since this work is a literature review and not a case study, numerical data are not necessary to determine validity of the information.
To consider an individual a critical thinker, they must have the ability to show cognitive skills and dispositions. Those two skills are considered to be of equal importance and both are required for
In the article “Critical Thinking: What Is It and Why It Counts” written by Peter A. Facione goes in depth on the topic of critical thinking, and reasons why it can be a beneficial in our everyday lives. Although one may think, “What does critical thinking have to do with my life?” the answer is simple. Critical thinking is thinking that has a purpose, liking proving a point, or an interpretation of an idea or thought, and solving problems. Now, all successful critical thinkers have these six abilities at the core for thinking skills: interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. The first three skills usually try to identify, and comprehend the issue or idea at hand. The next three make a conclusion,
Critical thinking is based on several standards; such as, clarity, precision, accuracy, relevance, consistency, logical correctness, completeness, and fairness.