Benzene-Linked Amine

In today’s world, the topic of energy is dominated by one thing: ancient organic matter. Carbon and oxygen that existed in this matter when it was alive is still present and is released in the form of carbon dioxide when the coal and oil it was compressed into is burned. The problem is that the carbon that was buried over millions of years was never naturally supposed to be released back into the atmosphere it used to exist in at such an alarming rate. The amount of carbon dioxide flooding into our atmosphere needs to be limited or there will be severe consequences in our future.

Scientific American, in “Carbon dioxide: From nuisance to resource?” contends that in order to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released in the atmosphere scientists should figure out a way to recycle it. Scientific American continues this discussion by stating that a prize should be offered in 2020 to award a science team that comes up with the best way to capture the carbon dioxide and turn in into the building blocks to create something else. This author proposes this plan in order to ensure that the effects of global warming can be reduced, and that carbon dioxide will not continue to hurt the Earth. These educators urge scientists to discover a way to stop the effects of carbon dioxide on the Earth.

First, reduction of GHG, carbon capture and sequestration. Reduction of GHG is one of the most challenging tasks currently facing by the world scientists. Although a minor reduction process has been succeeded, but they were used synthetic chemicals, which are in fact not good for the environment. In consideration of this realism for protecting the future, my research will be focused to reduce GHG by developing new technologies on the biological mechanisms and without using any chemicals (Fig. ---). As I mentioned above (patent pending), I have already succeeded to reduce GHG up to 12%. In this long term project, I have targeted to clean the air 90% by reducing the harmful anthropogenic GHGs as necessary. In this aspect, Carbon capture and sequestration is a very potent technique. Following this approach, carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon will be processed for a long-term storage. This process will be focused to capture CO2 by mimicking nature’s process for hardening tissues in living organisms. This is a similar biological process of corals and other calcifying organisms (ref--). However, here I would use a newly discovered group of microbes (described in the patent). In this technique, CO2 will be used as a potential beneficial material to produce highly useful products such as beneficial mineral for human health (fig--, showing some crystals). In addition, some natural material (following the patent Aqua-NOF-GHG with

The removal of CO₂ may be a huge challenge and a spotlight has centered on removing CO₂ from the exhaust of fuel power plants, wherever it's gift in higher concentrations. Typically, that CO₂ is destined for carbon capture and storage (CCS), however an alternative choice is that, it’s doable to require CO₂ directly from exhaust gases and create new chemicals.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a tasteless, odorless, and colorless toxic gas that is produced primarily as a result of incomplete combustion of carbon material. Due to humans inability to perceive this gas CO it is commonly referred to as ‘silent killer.’ Inhalation of CO is the leading cause of accidental deaths in the United States. Excluding deaths caused by fires, there are around 2,700 deaths as a result of carbon monoxide poisoning annually. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that around 450 deaths are caused by accidental CO toxicity every year. While the total number of deaths seems low, an estimated 50,000 people in America visit the emergency hospital departments showing signs of CO poisoning. Exposure to CO results

A pressure equalizer addition funnel, water condenser fitted with a T joint and an oil bubbler was all added to the system( fig 2). The 25-mL Erlenmeyer flask was placed on top of a sand bath which was heat from a hot plate. Next 12-mL of 95 % ethanol was added through the funnel. The mixture was stirred and flushed with N2. A steady flow of N2 was maintained though the heating processes. A new solution containing, 200 mg cobalt tetrahydrate, 1.5-mL of DI water, was placed into a 10-mL breaker. This solution was added drop wise through the addition funnel to the salenH2 solution in the flask. The system was heated for 1 hr while stirred. The flask was than placed into cold water. Co(salen) was isolated by suction filtration using a Hirsh funnel. The Co(salen) was washed with 10 drops of 95 % ethanol. The product was weighted and placed in a vial the was placed into an desiccators. Till the following week for part C, determination of oxygen absorption by Co(salen).

Any technology that reduces the environmental impact of burning coal falls under the clean coal technologies umbrella (Halber, 2008, para. 1). The two most common categories of these technologies deal with the removal and storage, most commonly in subterrestrial caverns, of carbon dioxide before or after the burning of coal or the removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, the cause of acid rain (Seeker, 2016, 1.36), from coal before it is burned. Clean coal technologies that focus on the former category have one main advantage over the traditional methods of burning coal; the amount of pollution released is greatly decreased. If all coal was burned using these technologies CO2 output could be reduced by up to 85% (Monbiot, 2009, p. 84). However, according to Mary Anne Hitt, director of the Beyond Coal campaign, the coal industry primarily employs technologies that fall into the latter technology category as the removal of CO2 is currently too costly (Cho, 2013, para. 4). The United States Department of Energy claims that the current cost for the removal of CO2 from coal is $60 per ton while the target price is $40 per ton (United States Department of Energy, n.d., para. 3). Furthermore, many environmentalists cite concerns that the CO2 may leak from

Carbon Dioxide is the infrastructure of all life on earth. Every human being and animal needs it to survive, making it an essential compound. In order to survive, humans and animals must give off carbon dioxide to take in oxygen, whereas plants must take in the compound and give off oxygen. Carbon Dioxide has numerous unique characteristics, properties, and safety measures that everyone should be aware of. Being aware of this compound and what it does could mean the difference between life and death.

For this experiment, oxygen will be made by combining hydrogen peroxide and potassium iodide while carbon dioxide will be made by combining hydrochlorine acid and sodium bicarbonate. The correlation is observed by maintaining the gases in a tightly sealed plastic baggie while waiting to be tested. During part 1 of the experiment, the gases, carbon dioxide, oxygen, exhaled air and dry air will be tested for reactivity using limewater. During part 2, all four

Properly-tuned carbon? Yes. Not all activated carbon air filtration systems are the same, and there many cases where standard, even industrial strength carbon must be activated in a certain way to ensure its ability to remove certain chemicals. And if you don't, those chemicals will go right through the system and be circulated for everyone to breathe, point the liability finger at you and leave you with unnecessary

Imagine a killer perfect enough to travel through the corridors of your home completely undetectable to the eye of its prey. It can't be heard, can't be smelled, and before you or anyone in your household realizes that something is wrong, it could already be too late. Over ten thousand people fall victim to carbon monoxide poisoning and over one thousand five hundred die per year of this gas so deadly, it is referred to as the "silent killer"("What Is Carbon Monoxide?"). Carbon monoxide, or CO for short, is a flammable, colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is produced during incomplete combustion of fuel and it's ability to do harm resides within the lack of knowledge and understanding of this gas by society. To remain safe from carbon

CO2 is the most significant greenhouse gas, which mainly comes from the use of fossil fuels. Many people feel that content of CO2 in the atmosphere is the main reason for manmade global warming. The main sources of CO2 emissions involve electricity generation, industrial processes, fumes from transportation and commercial buildings and use. Emissions of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, to the atmosphere are expected to cause even more of a significant change in global climate (Davison, 2007). The main focus to try to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is to reduce the amount that is released from coal-fired power plants. Greenhouse gas emissions that involve the productions of electricity come from natural gas production and coal-fired power plant operations. Natural gas production accounts for twenty-four percent and coal-fired power plant operations accounts for seventy-five percent, while the other one percent is caused by other electricity generation operations. The main reason why coal-fired power plants have a higher percentage of emissions is because the sulfur content of coal is much higher than that of other fossil fuels (Jarmaillo et al., 2007). This proves that there is a great need to find an alternative fossil fuel to use instead of coal. Although coal is easy to mine, transport and process for the electricity generation process, it is also the

I chose three articles to review to get a better understanding of the current work being done in the field. The first, Absorbent Materials for Carbon Dioxide Capture from Large Anthropogenic Point Sources by Christopher Jones gives an overview of materials currently being used to capture carbon dioxide—what I am attempting to do with polyamine. The second, Steam-Stripping for Regeneration of Supported Amine-Based CO2 Adsorbents, also by Jones, is a communications that discusses regeneration of the amine once it has been used for carbon dioxide capture. The third by Maschmeyer entitled The Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones and the Hydrogenation of Nitriles: Mechanistic Aspects and Selectivity Control relates to the reaction I am doing (reductive amination of a polyketone). Furthermore, a review article will be particularly good for my purposes because it will attempt to

Imagine a killer perfect enough to travel through the corridors of your home completely undetectable to the eye of its prey. It can’t be heard, can’t be smelled, and before you or anyone in your household realizes that something is wrong, it could already be too late. Over ten thousand people fall victim to carbon monoxide poisoning and over one thousand five hundred die per year of this gas so deadly, it is referred to as the “silent killer”(“What Is Carbon Monoxide?”). Carbon monoxide, or CO for short, is a flammable, colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is produced during incomplete combustion of fuel and it’s ability to do harm resides within the lack of knowledge and understanding of this gas by society. To remain safe from carbon

Gas separation and sequestration is used in many of industrial processes. An emerging utilization is in fossil fuel plants, where fuel combustion waste is released.1 Among these products is CO2, which is why fuel plants and most notably coal plants—the number one producer of electricity in the United States—account for around 40% of all CO2 emissions.1-2 Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) at fuel plants has duel benefits: an increase in the performance of fuels, such as natural gas from reduced CO2 concentration, and a lowering of the emission of a greenhouse gas into the atmosphere.1 Methods to separate and remove CO2 before being released as flue gas have already been implemented to a limited extent.1, 3