The 16th century was a time of the Spanish Inquisition, which reigned for almost 400 years, forcing those who weren’t Catholic to convert to Catholicism (Koeller). Catholicism was a major influence in all aspects of Spanish life at that time, ranging from music to art and daily living. Being a 16th century composer, Tomás Luis De Victoria was greatly influenced by the Catholic Church. Most, if not all of his music consisted of sacred pieces (Ferris). He was a Spanish polyphonic composer whose specialty was in motets. Not only was he one of the greatest composers and musicians of his time, he was also a scholar, a mystic, and a priest.
Victoria was born in 1548 in Sanchidrián, Spain, a province of Avila, Castile to father, Francisco Luis de Victoria and mother, Francisca Suárez de la Concha. Victoria was seventh of eleven children who were born into a family already leading vast and successful careers. Three of his male cousins (on his mother’s side) achieved success by being a naval commander, a pioneer in Mexico, and a merchant in Florence. The merchant married Grand Duke Cosimo I de’ Medici’s sister-in-law and was ennobled. The uncle on Victoria’s father’s side, who he was named after, was a lawyer who pleaded cases before the royal chancery at Valladolid (a city in north-central Spain) and was later a priest. His other uncle on his father’s side was also a priest (Stevenson).
Victoria’s father died on August 29th, 1557. Afterwards, an uncle of Victoria’s, Juan Luis who
Her father King Henry viii died on January 28, 1547. He died from an unhealthy diet and from hunting. Queen Elizabeth was very sad the next few days after that(Biography queen elizabeth
Beginning in 17th century Italy, the Baroque era is notorious for its exaggeration of movement, and detail meant to convey excitement and tension. Influenced by the Counter Reformation, art began to impart religious themes with detail, particularly towards emotion and drama meant to convince people that Catholicism remained legitimate. One such artist in this movement was Juan Sánchez Cotán, a Spanish Carthusian Monk. Although the bulk of his work comprises religious scenes, he is famous for his work in still life. Another artist specializing in this genre, Clara Peeters, pioneered the way for other Flemish still life artists. While neither conveyed drama, both exhibited competence in creating beautiful and realistic still life paintings.
In the 1980’s and 1990’s, society wasn’t the most accepting of places for people who were different from the “social norms”. Now I know, people today still struggle with trying to fit in and be “normal” but it was different. Being a gay man living in San Fransisco at the time, which had a large gay population, Richard Rodriguez had a hard time dealing with the discrimination he faced. Richard Rodriguez was an American journalist who wrote and published a memoir about his life as a gay man. In October of 1990, Rodriguez published his memoir “Late Victorians” in Harper’s Magazine, a critically acclaimed publication of the time. In his memoir, Rodriguez describes what it was like to realize he was gay and watch as the country changed to become a more accepting place. He does this by setting up how things can change and then explaining the actual ways things change for the gay population.
Josquin’s career was defined by the invention of the printer which allowed his masses and other compositions to be printed and shared more easily among the country. In many of his pieces, he illustrates his gift of the pervasive imitation technique: a polyphonic piece with the repetition of a melody at different pitch levels than the original. Many scholars contribute his textural influences on the beginning of word-painting technique (music that reflects the emotion or meaning of the song). He wrote all different types of music throughout his lifetime such as: masses, motets, instrumental pieces, chansons, and even motet-chanson (a new form during the time). He had many techniques for his masses such as paraphrase and canonic masses. Many of his motets, he wrote for five or six voices instead of the standard four voices and often used imitation. The most famous of his pieces are Ave Maria… Virgo serena and Missa Pange lingua. Overall, Josquin des Prez was one of the most well-known and influential composer during the Renaissance period and many scholars credit him to be the first to master polyphonic music. He contributed tons to the Franco-Flemish school and helped lead the way for greater harmonic development. He is truly a well-rounded composer who helped push the Renaissance musical period to the next level and created many beautiful, well-known sacred and secular
Queen Victoria was born on May 24, 1819, in Kensington Palace in London. Her parents were Edward, the Duke of Kent, and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg. When Queen Victoria was 8 months old her father passed away, and her mother reacted by shunning Victoria's uncles on her father’s side, William IV and George IV. Having had a secluded upbringing her personality hardened and she grew into having strong prejudices towards others and became very stubborn. She was also inclined to self-pity. Her mother's advisor Sir John Conroy twisted her childhood from her. He was the one who had convinced her mother to shun the uncles, and convinced her to raise Victoria by the "Kensington system." This system isolated Victoria from most, and, in Conroy's hopes, would make her depend on him to rule the country. When both her uncle's passed away before succeeding the throne, at 18 years old she became the Queen, and she did so alone. The one thing her mother did teach her was to be cautious in who she friended. Victoria's memory held firm of those who mistreated her, and she was not one to 'forgive and forget'. Queen Victoria disagreed with some of the traditions and values that had been around. For one she hated childbirth and everything to do with children, yet she was supposed to represent motherhood and family and she did. Even though she
Reality comes from creating an imagined thought - whether that thought stemmed from something that someone has seen to what someone has heard, or even felt. The composer that will be discussed throughout this essay composed Morir non può il mio cuore in 1566, this composer is none other but Maddalena Casulana. During the years in which Casulana composed music, she was always looking to present her dedications of her madrigal volumes in a way to provide a little more biographical information than most would at the time. Throughout 1560-1569, she began to publish what would ultimately become her three-volume collection of madrigals (1568; 1570; 1583) that were published the year of her death and which were the first three books of madrigals by a women composer to ever be printed (Franck, Brownstone, 1995. Page 46, 48). Casulana presented her music in a very dramatic way, she was different and unique, focusing and attracted to the topics of ones passing and perpetual dying (Sadie, 1980. Page 2). She was an Italian composer and singer who told a story through the pieces she had composed; expressing each piece in a distinct and narrative way. Maddalena Casulana contributed a great deal of music that till this day will be remembered and cherished.
Elizabeth Hartwell on 11/17/1749 and they had 7 children liker his parents. Three of his oldest sons
Bang! That was the sound of “the shot heard around the world.” British troops, under the command of the King George III faced off against a few citizens of Boston which became recognized as the start of the Revolutionary War. It is recorded that Patrick Henry said, “We should not forget that the spark which ignited the American Revolution was caused by the British attempt to confiscate the firearms of the colonists.” King George III influenced the Revolutionary war through his lapses in judgement, his overbearing hold on the colonies and his hunger for more power.
Throughout the history of Texas, Europeans have influenced Texas’ history and its findings. From the beginning, Europeans were the ones that discovered Texas while exploring the Americas. A Spanish explorer, Cabeza De Vaca, was the first person to ever step foot on Texas’ soil. He documented his journey about his findings in Texas and the Americas. The book was called “The Journey of Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca.’’
Died: 19th May 1536, Chapel of St. Peter ad Vincula, at the Tower of London.
The Life of Lazarillo De Tormes was written in 1554. This novel was an inspiring and great representation of a segment in the 16th century Spanish society. Even though the Author is unknown, it was translated by W.S. Merwin and introduced by Juan Goytisolo. The Life of Lazarillo De Tormes is centered on a young boy who has to adept in the world daily struggles for existence and goes through many experiences along the way ,becoming a servant for many different masters. He also discovers the world’s injustices, and adapts to what he has to go through in his journey to survive. Throughout the novel The Life of Lazarillo De Tormes shows how the fictional literature plays a huge part in social criticism, the Spanish economy has a big effect, and how the squire and other characters reflect upon the novel.
On June 20, 1837, just four months after her eighteenth birthday, Victoria was paid a visit by the Archbishop of Canterbury, and Lord Conyngham. (Chamberlain) These men informed her of her Uncle William’s death, but then bowed before her honoring their new Queen. Her coronation day was set for June 28, 1838. (Kirwan, 190) Victoria came to the throne, the people of
Elizabeth was born at Greenwich Palace in England to King Henry VII and Anne Boleyn on September 7th, 1533. Less than three years later, Anne Boleyn was arrested, charged, and executed because she could not bear Henry a son. Twelve days later, Henry married Jane Seymour, and she gave birth to Prince Edward, the long awaited male heir, in October of 1537. However, Jane shortly died of childbed fever. Elizabeth’s father married three more times, but it was Catherine Parr, Henry’s sixth and final wife, who had the greatest
had such a big influence in the time which he lived from 1509 to 1564. John Calvin
Born on 24 May, 1819 in Kensington Palace, Alexandrina Victoria was the only daughter of Edward, the Duke of Kent and Victoria Maria Louisa of Saxe-Coburg. At birth, Victoria was the fifth in line after her father and his three older brothers. Eight months after her birth, her father had died and she was the next in line as her three uncles before her had no legitimate children who survived. In 1830 after her uncle George IV died, she became heiress presumptive next to her surviving uncle, William IV. The Regency Act of 1830 made special provision for the Duchess of Kent to act as her regent just in case William died while Victoria was still a minor. King William in 1836 declared in the Duchess’ presence that he wanted to live until