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With access to prescription drugs, people are able to treat a multitude of diseases and illnesses. These drugs help deal with pain, inability to sleep, depression, and much more. Every day we are increasingly living in a world where there is better living through chemicals. However, what most do not seem to see is the rising tide of pain, illness, and ultimately death being caused by the pills people take every day. Most keep drugs in a special place in their minds, where they see them as harmless. Sadly, this is not the case, and in some cases our prescription drugs can be just as harmful as illegal drugs (King 68).

Expert’s reason that unevenness in the complicated interconnected chemical responses of the brain connecting the neurotransmitters dopamine and glutamate, and maybe others, performs a part in schizophrenia. Neurotransmitters are elements that permit brain cells to interconnect with each other. Experts are acquiring more about brain chemistry and its connection to schizophrenia. Similarly, in small methods the brains of people with schizophrenia appear diverse than those of healthful people. For instance, fluid-filled holes at the middle of the brain, called ventricles, are greater in certain people with schizophrenia. The brains of people with the disorder similarly manage to have less grey matter, and certain

Schizophrenia is a brain disease. Many studies have been conducted regarding the brain localization of schizophrenia. One study established that schizophrenia is characterized by significant loss in the grey matter of the brain. The loss was detected to be up to 25% in some areas and the damage was seen to begin at the parietal (outer) regions of the brain then spreading to the rest of the regions of the brain over a period of about five years ADDIN EN.CITE Rajagopalan1998923(Rajagopalan, MacBeth, & Varma, 1998)92392317Rajagopalan, MMacBeth, RVarma, SLXXY chromosome anomaly and schizophreniaAmerican Journal Medical GeneticsAmerican Journal Medical Genetics64-65811998( HYPERLINK l "_ENREF_9" o "Rajagopalan, 1998 #923" Rajagopalan, MacBeth, & Varma, 1998). Another study showed that patients who had the worst loss of brain tissue also exhibited the worst symptoms of schizophrenia such as hallucinations, psychotic and bizarre thoughts, hearing voices, depression and delusion ADDIN EN.CITE Conklin2002797(Conklin & Iacono, 2002)79779717Conklin, Heather M.Iacono, William G.Schizophrenia: A Neurodevelopmental PerspectiveCurrent Directions in Psychological ScienceCurrent Directions in Psychological Science33-371112002Sage Publications, Inc. on behalf of Association for Psychological Science09637214http://www.jstor.org/stable/20182759( HYPERLINK l "_ENREF_2" o "Conklin, 2002 #797" Conklin & Iacono, 2002).

Pharmaceutical drug dependency is not a new craze sweeping the nation. Although it has progressed, it is something that has been a noticeable issue since the early twentieth century. For starters, there is a pill for everything; pregnancy, being over-weight, pain, sneezing, and much more. When you have a variety like that, it’s hard not to take the easy way out. The latest generations of prescription drugs compensate conditions such as depression, gynecological disorders, hyperactivity, impotence, sleeping problems and more. We are waist deep in a pill culture. According to Tennent, a reason for this up-rise in patients being so eager to take up prescription drugs is that new and more sophisticated drugs have reduced the severity of accompanying side-effects. (Tennent) However, this is a gamble and something one could not be sure of. There are medications prescribed for less

Anxiety and depression give into the power of the potent psilocybin. Emerging studies show the incredible therapeutic experience of psilocybin with sustained treatment. In a study at the New York University, in a study of psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression, one patient described the experience saying, “Magic mushrooms trump Xanax resoundingly. Rather than getting rid of one’s anxiety, Xanax just numbs it until the medication’s effects wear off. At that point another pill is required. In his words “you’re not taking it and it solves your problem. You take it and you solve your problem yourself.” Prescription drugs often exacerbate one’s condition or manifest an addiction to the drug prescribed. These drugs are costly and toxic to the body; psilocybin is free and is proving to be unhazardous to health in recent studies. (Westlund

Antipsychotics are medications that physicians use to treat psychotic disorders such as Schizophrenia, Delusional disorder, Paraphrenia, and Substance-induced psychotic disorders. These disorders are characterised by the patient’s inability to make good judgments, think with a clear head, communicate effectively, relate to society, and understand reality. Antipsychotic drugs are also useful in the treatment of bipolar conditions that involve extreme cases of manic behaviour. Examples of these drugs include Thorazine and Trilafon. These drugs belong to a drug class called phenothiazines. They work by changing the actions of chemicals in the brain. The drugs can be beneficial, however, Steen et al. (2014) argue that the medicines have several harmful effects such as changes

The brain is composed of mostly grey and white matter. Grey matter contains most of the neuronal connections for the brain. It can be found on the outer surface of the cerebellum and around the spinal cord. “Observations have been made of reductions in the size and total neuron numbers, but not in neuronal density,” (Höistad, 2009, p. 3). This is an outstanding discovery when analyzing schizophrenia. White matter contains many neurons as well. Researchers pay close attention to these neurons and the myelination of the axons. “Interstitial white matter neurons have been found to be increased in prefrontal white matter and temporal white matter in subjects with schizophrenia, supporting further the presence of a neurodevelopmental abnormality in schizophrenia,” (Höistad, 2009, p. 3). This means that they white matter neurons never became myelinated and mature in parts of the brain. Problems like these can mess with the connections in the brain between neurons. Research like this highlight schizophrenia as being a developmental disorder of the brian, but more research is being done including other areas as well. “The pruning of axonal connections during brain development and maturation may be necessary for adequate formation of appropriate neuronal circuits,” (Höistad, 2009, p.

(2) However, there are some problems with this evidense. Amphetamines only mimic the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. They do not produce any of the negative symptoms. Likewise, anti-psychotic drugs are only affective on the positive symptoms of the disease. There is still some evidense that schizophrenics do posess higher levels of dopamine, however, these increases are only found in the striatum of the brain (7). The striatum is a region of the brain that receives its inputs from and outputs to the cortex. Injury to the striatum results in problems with intiation and control of motor behavior. (9) Also, there is evidence that the prefrontal cortex produces lower levels of dopamine. (4) The prefrontal cortex is involved in the organization and coordination of information to and from the cortex. (7)

“ Cure her of that, canst thou not minister to a mind diserased. Pluck the memory of a rooted sorrow” ( Macbeth, V, III ). In Macbeth, Medicine is being brought up to cure his wife of her sleep walking in the story, due to the fact that she is feeling really overwhelmed by guilt over the fact she know and had a hand in Macbeth dirty doing, his first choice is to have the doctor curing Lady Macbeth with medicine, nothing else but that it seems. You would think Macbeth would of have gone crazy and helped out his wife or to turn himself in so his wife didn’t have to go through so much guilt. Never the less, Pharmaceuticals are used as our first source of help weather that be for sleep, pain, high, or just to take them to be noticed, they are abused

Although not everything is bad about prescribed medication. There are some positive effects to go with taking prescribed medication. One of them is that when you take physician endorsed medications, they can frequently be the response forever undermining conditions including hypertension, elevated cholesterol or much malignancy. These medications fortify and imitate a well-working body, so there are various individuals whose lives are spared every day on account of doctor prescribed medications. Without them, they would have a lower personal satisfaction and even hazard demise. Not all medications are utilized to treat genuine illnesses. Some treat little illnesses every once in a while with extraordinary achievement. Anti-toxins for diseases,

While there is no cure for schizophrenia, research is leading to new, safer treatments. Experts also are unraveling the causes of the disease by studying genetics, conducting behavioral research, and by using advanced imaging to look at the brain’s structure and function. These novel approaches hold the promise of new, more effective therapies.

While reading this chapter on treatment, I had no idea on the number of prescription drugs are out there in treating people with mental disorders to rebalance a person’s brain chemistry. What is interesting to know is how there is an interconnection between a person’s mental and emotional health and how prescription drugs are linked to the ways the human brain functions. People with mental health problems need to rebalance their brain chemistry by taking prescription drugs. These drugs help to do this and have proven to help control their mental problems such as: Irritated mood, depression, self-esteem, etc. I can see why people with mental problems come in contact with these type of drugs. However, psychoactive drugs can also have a

In fact the precise neural pathway that LSD effects is not fully known but LSD has such a similar chemical structure to that of the neurotransmitter called serotonin in the brain which contributes to feelings of happiness and well being and it may affect sleep and appetite as well. It is believed that LSD modifies the way the brain’s serotonin receptors work preventing neurotransmission or stimulation. For a person with a serious mental illness, LSD can be dangerous as it may worsen or speed up the effects of their illness. For example, a person who suffers from schizophrenia and takes LSD may worsen their current mental

Schizophrenia is a life-long disorder that affects about one percent of the population (Mueser & McGurk, 2004). The cause of this mental illness is still unclear. Studies have suggested that Schizophrenia does not arise from one factor but from a combination of genetic, environmental, and social factors (Liddle, 1987). People diagnosed with Schizophrenia struggle to deal with a multitude of symptoms that make it difficult to function (Mueser & McGurk, 2004). Antipsychotic medications are a popular treatment of the symptoms of Schizophrenia (Mueser & McGurk, 2004). Research is constantly being done to develop these medications to enhance the quality of life of those diagnosed with Schizophrenia.

Biological theorists believe that people can inherit a disposition for Schizophrenia, according to the diathesis-stress perspective. It is also believed that biochemical abnormalities as well as abnormal brain structure could be factors in schizophrenic patients. Researchers have developed a dopamine hypothesis which explains “certain neurons that use the neurotransmitter dopamine fire too often and send too many messages, thus producing the symptoms of the disorder” (Abi-Dargham & Grace, 2011) The drugs used to combat these symptoms are known as atypical antipsychotic drugs, as they are much different from other antipsychotic medications. These drugs bind dopamine receptors to keep messages from being transmitted too quickly. Brain scans have found that many schizophrenic patients have enlarged ventricles. These patients tend to show greater cognitive disturbances. It is also believed that schizophrenia can be