Border And Conflicts Of The Shadow Lines

Mazower’s Dark Continent Europe’s Twentieth Century is about a factual and historical perspective on events in Europe during difficult times. In the prologue, Mazower discusses changes in Europe being less political and more about bringing people or communities together past realities. From changes with liberal democracy, communism, and fascism, there is a lot that Mazower has to discuss. He also states,” wounds of the continent cannot be dismissed.” which leads the reader to believe that what Europe has gone through is more than what most already comprehend. This book is about the differences in values and ideologies and how they must be taken seriously on a global level. The struggles that Europe went through, from Hitler and Stalin’s rule, to the dissipation of Imperialism, and the overall evolution of boundaries in Europe and issues in geography are popular topics of discussion in

Changes are an important part of history, and a natural part of life. In the case of geography throughout history, the world has made many changes to its borders and who has grievances with one another. From the High Middle Ages of olden Europe, to the twentieth century, change has occurred. These changes have unified and broken ties between countries and regions time and time again throughout history. There are many forces that push toward and against unity throughout time. The world map became what is today because of both unity and division marking change in the past.

During the 20th century different regions and countries of the extra European world –Japan, China, India, the Middle East and Latin America- have been invested by profound transformations, that in part went to aliment the tensions that later would have brought to the second world war, and in part determined the beginning of the process of decolonization .

In Karl Jacoby's book, he acknowledges an unconventional history that has plagued a theme in human interactions. For this reason, Jacoby's laid out the snowball effects of small conflicts between territorial grounds towards larger issues by governments. In the same way, key players from Mexico and Euro-Americans sealed the fate of small communities that had been

November 9, 1989, the Berlin Wall falls amid the thawing of the Cold War. Consequently, an elated Europe welcomed a new ‘borderless’ continent. The Schengen agreements dissolved anachronistic boundaries that once separated nations, allowing peoples, such as the Ruthenians, to exercise a loyalty to the states within their immediate realm of influence, while simultaneously preserving their independent identities. A quarter of a century later the continent is amid a refugee crisis unseen since World War II. Detention, deportation, bureaucratic barriers, military, and satellite technologies have all been a part of the some of the most extensive and aggressive border enforcement programs in history. Endeavors that have stoked xenophobic fears and spawned grievous confrontations between some of the wealthiest nations on earth and a stateless people from the most impoverished.

Rios conveys the border as being an unnatural thing placed in the natural world. In his poem, Rios states, “the border is a line that birds cannot see” saying that the natural world cannot see the unnatural thing. This quote is a metaphor comparing birds to the natural world and the border to the unnatural thing to show that the border does not belong there. Rios also compares government offices to tigers when he says, “content to crouch ominous as tigers, waiting.” He is comparing the natural world to the unnatural world by using the offices as the unnatural and the tigers as the natural. “Metal landing-strip pieces, electronic sensors, helicopters, guns

One of Berdahl’s informants described the closing of the border: “While it was still open there was always the temptation [to leave], but once it was closed, no one could go anymore” (144). In other words, the border discontinued relations between the East and West by forcing Germans to choose between life on either side. A younger informant identified the normalization of the border: “I never even asked why we couldn’t go to Eschwege. I didn’t know anything else. The border was something totally normal” (149). As the chain-link fence became institutionalized, the residents of Kella identified more and more with the East; however, this cultural identification was the result of living within the East German system, rather than living next to barbed wire. Although some residents idealized the “Golden West” given access to Western television, the impenetrability of the border reduced “cultural confrontation and articulation” — the language used by Berdahl to highlight the significance of borderlands — to nothing beyond border stories comparable to myths and legends in other

David Newman’s article, “The Lines that Continue to Separate Us” and Guillermo Galindo’s art piece “Pinata de Cartuchos” both define powerful borders and heavily relate to the border that I faced throughout my senior year of high school with my peers and

When people think about the word ‘border’ or ‘boundary’ they tend to only think about the physical ones. However, there are many different borders and boundaries that one can face. Theo and Kee, from Children of Men, and Melanie, from Three Miles, encounter different types of borders and barriers throughout their journeys. Theo, Kee, and Melanie face racial, economic, and mental borders. Theo and Kee are able to transcend all the borders they are faced with.

The ideas of borders, boundaries and border crossings are increasingly employed in a metaphorical sense that does not always refer to the physical border. These borders are progressively used to represent social and cultural boundaries. A cultural border indicates that a more powerful side constructs it’s own cultural knowledge and has added political power and privileges. When understanding the concept of borders, it is important to understand that borders are being referred to in a literal sense and in a figurative sense. The term literal can be referred to as taking words in their most basic sense without adding exaggeration or metaphorical meaning. The term figurative can be described to as departing from the literal use of words and adding metaphorical meaning. Figurative notions of borders within race have been a primary concern for the novels Follow the Rabbit Proof Fence by Doris Pilkington and Remembering Babylon by David Malouf. This essay will discuss and analyze the concept of figurative borders and what these borders represent. Lastly, this essay will explore in detail the concept of figurative borders within the two novels. Follow the Rabbit Proof Fence and Remembering Babylon have numerous

Catalonia, the Northeastern region of Spain, is engaged in a true and realistic conflict over gaining sovereignty and independence from Spain. This conflict, which is rooted in Catalonian nationalism, has been ongoing for years and has evolved significantly over time (Alexander, 2014). Since the conquering of Catalonia many centuries ago, the Catalonian people have worked resiliently to resist the loss of their language and culture by struggling against assimilating to the common cultures, laws, and language of its conqueror (Alexander, 2014). Throughout Spanish history, Catalonia has employed different methods in achieving their goal of independence from Spain. The manifestation of this conflict has taken the form of protests, laws, political parties, and certain acts of violence which indicates the severity of it, the passion of its participants, and provides concrete evidence that this conflict not only exists but is highly prevalent in Spanish history.

In order to give an answer to the question above, it is worth mentioning that the two key points that this essay will analyse [the EU and the notion of sovereignty] are both really hard to define from just one point of view, therefore different theories will be taken into account to give a complete and fulfilling outlook of the effect that the creation of the European Union had given to the concept of modern sovereignty among its member states. The essay will start with an introduction of the creation, shaping and then integration of the European Union, it will then move on trying to define what the EU and sovereignty really are, underlining the changes

The crisis in Ukraine and Crimea’s recent accession to Russia are events that clearly highlight the underlying sources of conflict in global politics. While Russia sees its actions in Crimea as a “reunification” and the respect for the right of self-determination, the West views it as a threat to European security and a violation of territorial integrity. Crimea has been a debatable topic from the time it came under the control of the Russian Empire in 1783 during the reign of Catherine the Great. The justification then was similar to the reasoning being used by Vladimir Putin today. Catherine declared that she was protecting ethnic Russians in the region from the Ottoman Empire, much as Putin is claiming to protect Russians from Ukrainian

This is of course an option that could be considered. But what would happen to the migrants? Would they magically stop coming? Would they suddenly stop fleeing conflict and abuse? No. A solution needs to be found that involves the whole of the EU without causing internal conflict. As the President of the European Council puts it: “This challenge has the potential to...cause tectonic changes in the European political landscape.” The idea of “tectonic changes” has connotations of earthquakes and tsunamis, sending devastating shockwaves with catastrophic consequences. However this disaster facing reality can and will wreak havoc through Europe. This is a delicate issue that must be approached with care, not some schoolboy problem that will vanish simply by closing borders and forgetting about those in need.

Sovereignty is a norm of the International system upon which the ‘society of states’ rests. Territorial sovereignty refers specifically to the power of the state ‘the territorial limits within which state authority may be exercised on an exclusive basis.’ This essay will explore the concept and development of sovereignty within the system of states. Firstly, it will identify the state system before the ‘Peace of Westphalia’ in 1648, then it will compare the ever changing forms of sovereignty since, and the reasons for change, which have established the modern form of sovereignty which exists today.