Ch 43 Study Guide

It can be argued that along with cats, dogs were one of the first animals to become domesticated. For approximately 10,000 years humans and dogs have more than co-existed, they have developed a special bond unlike any other animal has developed with us. Today hundreds, if not thousands of breeds of dog exist. Although this fact remains true, all dogs belong to the Canis Familiaris family within the animal kingdom. Despite any tamed, domesticated, or docile tendencies, all breeds of dogs have traits that are derived from their wild ancestors and to this day many of those traits still exist and in fact, are quite important to the dog’s survival and mating techniques. Some of the more prominent survival tactics include digging, burying, being

“Jute” is protective equipment that is worn during training to allow the canine to bite without hurting the trainer. This interferes with training process of canines while searching buildings. Canines that are trained with the “Jute” method respond to the odor of the jute rather than human scent. “Human scent is composed of skin flakes, perspiration, skin oils, and gaseous components that are perceived by dogs through their Olfactory senses” (O’Heare). Olfactory sensitivity helps that canine to distinguish between different human odors and to smell significantly, better than human beings. “In fact, the Institute for Biological Detection Systems at Auburn University (1998) found that canines could be trained to detect as many as ten separate and distinct odors without any deterioration in performance” (O’Heare). Although, canines know the difference between smells, when trained with “Jute” when searching for criminals without the odor of the protective wear the dog may get confused or be slower to find the suspect. It may cause a problem when finding and indicating.

As the saying goes, a dog is a man’s best friend. The dog is a loving companion to a man. He is happy to go everywhere with his master. He shows his affection for his master by wagging his tail and licking his hand or face. This timeless relationship continues to evolve into new kinds of human-dog interactions that increasingly benefit society.

Dogs’ eagerness to please their masters is also a commendable trait which cats simply don’t have. Without this, it would be very difficult to train dogs for the many jobs they now hold, from aiding law enforcement personnel and herding sheep, to seeing-eye dogs and even helping exterminators locate hard-to-find infestations. Cats

Secreted chemical signals involve communication at a distance. Primary modes of chemical signals include hormonal, neurohormonal, paracrine, autocrine, and neurotransmitter.

The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) is legislation that defines and classifies nutrient supplements and certain other products as foods. Check all of the ingredients that are considered dietary supplements according to DSHEA:

Examples of neurotransmitters are dopamine, noradrenaline, and acetylchline. Hormones are the chemical messengers of the endocrine system. And They are transported by blood to target cells. Organs that produce and secrete hormones are called glands. Hormones are able to stimulate a set of cells that are located somewhere else and have no direct connection with their glands. There are four types of hormones hormonal amine, glycoprotein, steroids, and eicosanoid. The main endocrine glands that release hormones are ovaries, testes, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, adrenal. And each gland releases a specific hormone to help regulate the body activities. ("Difference Between Neurotransmitters and Hormones - Siang's Page!" Difference Between Neurotransmitters and Hormones - Siang's Page! N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Dec.

Communication – Transmission of thoughts, feelings or information via body language, signals, speech, writing or behaviour.

Another difference between cats and dogs is their social interactions. Dogs are more of pack animals. Members of their pack or family are very critical to them. They look for a

“A dogs sense of smell sometimes out perform X-Rays and CT scans at detecting cancers at an early stage by simply smelling a persons breath or urine.” Everyone is able to breed a dog to function in many different ways and for many different reasons. Mow explains how this is possible through his short movie Science of dogs. “Because of intensive selective breeding by cross breeding different breeds for different distinctive types of physical appearances and behavioral attributes; you will soon create the dog you were looking for and it will also have a consistency of creating the same breed of dog by creating a new genetic code in the dogs DNA”. For example there is one breed of dog that has the best sense of smell in the entire world and they were created for one job and one job only. Klim Sulimov explains what dog this is and how it was formed on the Science of Dogs, “The Sulimov dog has the best sense of smell in the whole entire world, and they were successfully created to identify explosives, he bred a Jackal with a Lapland Herding Hound, a Reindeer Herding Hound, a Fox Terrier, and a Spitz. Creating a dog that is highly trainable dog and a superior snout”. All these hybrid breeds are so successful because of how the dogs DNA is formed. The discovery of deciphering the dog genome was discovered by the Researchers at the National Institutes of Health on The Science of Dogs “Every piece of DNA is made up of four different chemical components

behavioral control, we can predict with some accuracy that they will engage in the same behavior

Communication can be defined as a social interaction where at least two interacting agents share a common set of signs and a common set of rules (Schramm, 1954). There are different forms of communication, verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication can be defined as a

     Practicality and simplicity help animal owners decide what type of animal they should own. If your house or apartment is full of mice, a cat will solve the problem. Although, some dogs hunt for small rodents in a home, they usually confuse live animals with toys. On the other hand, dogs can be trained to do a variety of things, but sometimes training can be tedious and teaching a dog how to sit can be impractical for everyday life.

The first difference that can be easy to notice is that a dog is a pack animal and a cat is not.

Communication is a way of life for sociable organisms on earth. There are many forms of communication and several are used without saying a word or making a sound. With the types of communication in the world, communicating effectively may seem an unlikely idea. Effective communication between two individuals or more is dependable on the way the message from the sender has encoded the information. Effective communication insists that information sent should be received and retransmitted back to the sender without any loss in translation. To understand communication, it must first be broken down so that each