Case Study 92
Scenario
R.T. is a 64-year-old man who comes to his primary care provider’s (PCP’s) office for a yearly examination. He initially reports having no new health problems; however, on further questioning, he admits to having developed some fatigue, abdominal bloating, and intermittent constipation. His nurse practitioner completes the examination, which includes a normal rectal exam with a stool positive for guaiac. Diagnostic studies include a CBC with differential, chem 14, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). R.T. has not had a recent colonoscopy and is referred to a gastroenterologist for this procedure. A 5-cm mass found in the sigmoid colon confirms a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the colon. A referral is made for
…show more content…
Advanced disease Sx: pain, anorexia, weight loss, palpable abdominal / rectal mass, anemia.
6. What is a CEA? How does it relate to the diagnosis of colon cancer?
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker that can be detected in the blood of clients with colorectal cancer. CEA level is used to estimate prognosis, monitor treatment, and detect cancer recurrence.
7. After bowel prep, R.T. is admitted to the hospital for an exploratory laparotomy, small bowel resection, and sigmoid colectomy. List at least five major potential complications for
Infection (Leakage from Colon) Bleeding Blood Clots
Damage to Internal Organs bulging of tissue through surgical incision colon blockage due to the formation of scar tissue incomplete joining of the reattached sections of your colon and rectum
8. After surgery, R.T. is admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) with a large abdominal dressing. The nurse rolls R.T. side to side to remove the soiled surgical linen, and the dressing becomes saturated with a large amount of serosanguineous drainage.
Would the drainage be expected after abdominal surgery? Explain.
Serosanguineous drainage is expected after abdominal surgery because of incision and time needed for clotting process. It is not normal if the bandage is soaked with blood, if green or yellow drainage is coming from it, or patient have black or tarry stools, or there is blood in his stool.
9. Four weeks after surgery, R.T. is
He was able to tolerate PO earlier around 6am. but now denies having an appetite. Patient had very small bowel movement earlier this morning that was not normal for him. He has not passes has the morning. 'he is voiding well. Denies fevers, chills or night sweats. The pain is localized to the RLQ without radiation at this point. He has never had a colonoscopy.
Client outcome: have surgical area that show evidence of healing no redness, draining, or immobility _______________________________________________________
Plan: The patient will be admitted, kept NPO, and an appendectomy will be performed by Dr. Rogers in the morning.
This service was provided during the postoperative period for a previous related procedure conducted by the same surgeon.
B. Define the abbreviations found in the surgical report. How did you find the meaning of these abbreviations?
Colon cancer is a condition in which polyps form in the lining of the colon (large intestine).
Pt's appearance is consistent with that stated by dispatch and pt appears to be in moderate distress due to abdominal pain. With assistance, pt is able to ambulate to gurney from the residence. Pt tracks EMS personnel as they move around him and pt is found to be alert and oriented to person, place, time, and event. Pt's airway is found to be open and pt and he is able to communicate with EMS personnel in full sentences. Pt answers all questions asked by EMS personnel appropriately. Pt's pupils are found to be PERL and no secretions are noted upon inspection of the pt's ears, nose, or mouth. Pt's trachea is found to be midline and no JVD is noted. Equal chest rise and fall are noted upon inspiration and expiration. All four abdominal quadrants are soft and tender upon palpation. A strong radial pulse is able to be palpated by EMS personnel and the pt's skin is found to be warm, pink, and dry. Pt is able to move and has sensations in all four
The records have been reviewed. The member is an adult female with a birth date of 05/12/1964. She has a diagnosis of early stage colon carcinoma. Her treating provider, Stephen Grabelsky, MD recommended the Oncotype DX Colon Cancer Assay.
In this essay I will be discussing the current recommendations for large bowel screening, to diagnose bowel cancer, including those categorised as high risk. I will also be discussing the role of imaging in the initial diagnosis and the subsequent follow up.
Today in clinical I experienced how to properly position a patient to prevent the risk of further damage, such as pressure ulcers.
Thus allowing me to form a differential diagnosis and rule out certain causes, such as; constipation, and indigestion. Subsequently, the physical examination enabled me to confirm a diagnosis of acute abdomen. As the patient was not experiencing any worrying (red flag) symptoms associated with abdominal emergencies, such as; appendicitis or pancreatitis. However, I did forget certain aspects of the physical examination and had to be prompted by the MO. Although with more practice such incidence would be reduced.
3 diagnoses for Miss potts who just an appendectomy are her pain level is 9 out of 10, deep berating and coughing. For her goals are painless form her appendectomy surgery, make her comfortable feeling staying in bed and trying to encourage for fluids for QNS (quantity not sufficient) lab. Intervention for miss potts is provide ice bag for the pain, keep at rest in semi-fowler’s position for make her comfortable feeling. Monitor Input and output for urine; provide the clear liquids in small amount s for QNS (quantity not sufficient).
Delayed emptying of the stomach, which may make it difficult to eat or to keep food down temporarily
cause as it takes a long time for a cell to become cancerous, as there
Spike is booked in for a lump removal procedure. The lump was located bellow his left ear and vets were confidant it was a Melanoma. The vets were confident if they took large margins around the growth that there is a low chance of it coming back but on going treatment may be needed. The surgery nurse will turn on the air conditioning system (which is designed to be used in surgical suites) to 21 degrees Celsius. The nurse ensures the theatre is ventilated and clear of unnecessary equipment; the operating tablet is free of dust and in the correct position for the surgery vet. The table will be lowered to the correct height for the nurses to be able to transfer the patient into sterile surgery safely. The table height can be adjusted with foot pedals. The nurse will place a heat mat on the table covered by a fluff free towel to ensure the patient is kept warm during the procedure but not exposed directly to the heat mat. This is plugged in straight away to ensure there is enough time for the mat to heat up. The nurse will also set up the Bair Hugger in the surgery, which will be switched on prior to the patient being moved into surgery. This is used as another means to keep the anaesthetised patient warm during surgery. The Bair Hugger is plugged into the power outlet; the correct size inflatable blanket is selected for that patient and is tied around the hose, which delivers the warm air. Heat bags are placed into the microwave for 90 seconds and placed under the towel on