Essay on Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

 Once the oxygen-depleted cells are in the lungs, they travel into the alveoli where they lose their CO2 and trade it for oxygen. The oxygen is able to stay with the red blood cells because the cell have hemoglobin which is a protein which binds with oxygen.

The same happens with Carbon Dioxide (CO2). The blood in the surrounding capillaries has a higher concentration of CO2 than the inspired air due to it being a waste product of energy production. This is when O2 and CO2 pass each other going back around the body systems to the heart. Once this is done the flow goes from Deoxygenated blood to Oxygenated blood.

Forward reaction is likely to occur in the lungs, the partial pressure of O2 in the air is 0.2 atmospheres allowing oxygen to bind with hemoglobin. The reverse reaction occurs in the end if the capillaries which deliver the blood to the cells. The cells absorb oxygen reducing the concentration of oxygen in the haemoglobin, shifting the equilibrium to the left, releasing more

Explanation: A). Blood carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells of organs and tissues and carbon dioxide from those organs and tissues to the lungs inside our body.

a. P) Carbon monoxide molecules happen to be just the right size and shape, and happen to have just the right chemical properties, to fit neatly into cavities within hemoglobin molecules in blood that are normally reserved for oxygen molecules.

Blood Oxygen enters the blood stream through diffusion in the lungs, the oxygen is carried throughout the body in the haemoglobin contained in the red blood cells. Carbon Dioxide is carried throughout the body in the plasma of the blood and leaves the body by diffusion in the lungs. Nervous System The respiration system requires complex interactions of the central and peripheral nervous systems.

CO is a product of the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, for example natural gas. It forms when there is not enough oxygen and here it was used in the prescience of charcoal. The carbon monoxide combines with the haemoglobin

Oxygen is drawn into the lungs by a process called inhalation, (breathing in), which occurs when the diaphragm and intercostal muscles are contracted which causes the lungs to expand, giving a larger volume and therefore causing a lower pressure differential between the lungs, alveolar pressure, and the outside atmosphere. This inverse relationship between volume and pressure is called Boyle’s law. (Tortora & Derrickson, 2011)

These subunits are held together by ionic, hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, hydrophobic interactions as well as heme groups that are made up of Fe2+. Hemoglobin can be found in two different states. The first state is known as the T-state when it is tense and oxygen deprived. The second state is known as R-state when is relaxed and oxygenated. Hemoglobin first binds to oxygen then transports it to blood vessels, which have low oxygen levels. After it releases the oxygen the blood vessels, the red cells then transports carbon dioxide (CO2) from the tissues to the lungs where it picks oxygen once more.

Gas exchange is when oxygen is delivered from the lungs to the blood stream and carbon dioxide is taken out of the bloodstream and into the lungs. Gas exchange occurs within the lungs between the alveoli and capillaries which are in the walls of the alveoli. The walls of the alveoli share a membrane with the capillaries in which oxygen and carbon dioxide move freely between the respiratory system and the bloodstream. Oxygen molecules attach to red blood cells, which travel back to the heart. At the same time, the carbon dioxide in the alveoli are exhaled out of the body.

I love nothing more than to stroll around the beautiful campus at State University. The scenery is breathtaking, especially with the promise of autumn about the air. During this particular time of the year, I find great enjoyment in taking a deep breath and inhaling the fragrant aroma of the surrounding nature. However, my enjoyment prematurely ends when the sudden smell of cigarette smoke engulfs me. Sound familiar? If you are a non-smoking student, this scene reflects everyday life on a smoking campus. Something must be done about this infringement upon non-smoker's rights. Is our health so meaningless as to be put at the mercy of carcinogens and toxins? I think not. Though State University provides non-smoking environments within

Small air sacks called alveoli are at the tips of the bronchioles. When air reaches them, the oxygen concentration is high, which causes diffusion into red blood cells travelling through pulmonary capillaries (7). The red blood cells then distribute the new oxygen to the rest of the body. When they reach the alveoli again, they exchange carbon dioxide (a form of cell waste) for new oxygen, and repeat the process. The carbon dioxide is moved through the bronchioles, bronchi, and trachea in the form of exhalation.

Specific Purpose: To inform my audience how to become more aware of the dangers of carbon monoxide and how to prevent exposure.

Haemoglobin is a protein molecule found in red blood cells (RBC). Its role in the body is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body 's tissues and then returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs. The transportation of oxygen is only possible when haemoglobin (Hb) within the RBC binds to oxygen. (Martini & Nath, 2006)

Since the Industrial Revolution, there has been an increased presence of pollutants and carcinogens in the environment, specif-ically in urban areas.1 The presence of airborne pollutants can lead to an increase in allergic reactions and asthma rates. A common airborne pollutant is carbon monoxide (CO), which is commonly found in diesel exhaust. It is an odorless gas produced from me-thane and non-methane hydrocarbon oxidation.2 The toxic gas eliminates and takes the place of oxygen in the form of carboxy-hemoglobin when it binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells. It also affects the binding sites of heme groups, which complicates the transfer of oxygen to tissues.3 The majority of deaths from carbon monoxide poisoning is brought on from car exhaust.4 Between the years 1979 and 1988, 57% of deaths from carbon monoxide poi-soning were brought from car exhaust. There tend to be higher rates of carbon monoxide poisoning from car exhaust in northern regions, where temperatures are relatively low (Figure 1). 5