Cardiogenic Shock: A Case Study

The purpose of this study was to determine the type of learning acquisition in dogs that were subjected to three different styles of electric shock. They wanted to determine what method of learning worked the best to avoid a shock for an extended period of time. Each of the three groups of dogs learned escape/avoidance training, however the "escape" group and the "yoked" group gained more training than the normal control group. The "escape" group was taught during their training that touching the side panels during the shock would terminate it. This was repeated 64 times in the harness and the same training was done 10 more times in the shuttle box, 24 hours later. The "yoked"

Cardiogenic shock is a frequently fatal complication that occurs when the heart cannot pump an adequate amount of blood in order to perfuse tissues. This hypoperfusion causes multiple organ dysfunction and damage which classifies cardiogenic shock a medical emergency. In the past, cardiogenic shock had a poor prognosis. However, currently approximately half of the people that go into cardiogenic shock survive (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [NHLBI], 2011).

Stephanie Clifford’s A Shot to the Heart tells the story of Peter Forcelli, a Bronx detective that had arrested and convicted Edward Garry, an innocent man. Garry was charged with the robbery of Irene’s New Hope Grocery and the murder of retired NYPD officer Oswald Potter. When the robbery occurred, Potter attempted to stop the robbery when shouting, “I am a police officer” and knocking a suspect to the ground. Later gunshots were heard coming from the grocery store as two suspects fled the scene. Potters was found collapsed in a car with a single gunshot wound to the chest and later was pronounced dead at a hospital. Forcelli the explains that the arrival of a new system called CompStat and the murder of a police officer created an immense pressure to solve the case as quickly as possible. Basing their arrest off two unconfident eyewitnesses who picked Garry out of a line up, without any physical evidence or even a confession. Not long after Forcelli joined the A.T.F. where he soon developed his interest in pursuing wrongful convictions. His new passion had reminded him of Edward Garry’s case and the idea that a man was convicted on such little evidence made him sick. Forcelli then made it his goal to exonerate Garry, an innocent man serving a life sentence. Forcelli then notes the difficulty of freeing an innocent man from his sentence is much more difficult than convicting him in the first place.

The right ventricle fills up  tricuspid valve closes  right ventricle contracts  pulmonary valve opens  the blood flows into the pulmonary artery  pulmonary valve closes  pulmonary artery splits into two vessels each going to the lungs.

Shock is a life-threatening condition with a variety of underlying causes. Shock is caused when the cells have a lack of adequate blood supply and are deprived of oxygen and nutrients. In cases of shock, blood is shunted from peripheral areas of the body to the vital organs. Hemorrhage and decreased blood volume are associated with some, but not all, types of shock.

Trauma patients often present paramedics with difficult situations to handle. These patients most likely have multiple injuries that the paramedic must treat including internal and external injuries. The main concern in treating trauma patients is controlling the pain that the patient may be experiencing while not compromising the patients hemodynamic and respiratory state. The most common drugs used in pain management in the pre-hospital setting often cause undesirable side effects, such as respiratory depression, hypotension, apnea, and bradycardia. All of these side effects combined with a trauma patient who is already compromised can lead to a much bigger issue. What if there was a drug that could treat the pain, calm the patient, and not cause the nasty side effects of traditional pain management? Ketamine provides us the answer to this question.

epinephrine and dopamine, will have an average HR higher than the average HR of stimulants when administered separately. For daphnia 2, it can be concluded from the data that 1mM epinephrine administration resulted in average of 256 BPM, an almost 10% increase from base average BPM of 210 BPM. Administration of 1mM dopamine resulted in average BPM of 212 BPM, similar to the base average BPM of 210 BPM. Lastly, the daphnia was subjected to a combined epinephrine and dopamine solution. From the data, it can be concluded that the combined solution caused the average BPM to increase almost 4%, that is average 218 BPM, in comparison to baseline BPM of the second daphnia. From the second daphnia results: epinephrine and dopamine combined solution didn’t have any drastic increase, almost no effect, when compared to stimulants being administered separately. Hence, this hypothesis is also rejected by the data. Previous research by Barrazo has shown that stimulation of dopamine signaling pathways leads to “decreased movement with different time-courses of

Evidence-Based Practice, Step by Step: Asking the Clinical Question: A Key Step in Evidence-Based Practice

Participation in high intensity sporting activities is widely considered to be a contributor to positive cardiac health. However, for a portion of the athletic population, sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) poses a serious risk (Chatard, Mujika, Goiriena, & Carre, 2016). Although considered rare with estimates of one death every three days in the United States (Pigozzi, Rizzo, & Maffulli, 2009), the impact of the often-fatal event resonates through society due to the young age of the athlete and the immediacy of the decline of the perceived healthy person (Chatard et al., 2016).

The case I chose was published in The Baltimore Sun. The title of the article is, Prosecutors: No Charges against Baltimore officer who used Taser on teen. This article is about a 19 year-old teen named George Vonn King Jr. who died from cardiac arrest. The article states that Mr. King was tased several times by police, before going into cardiac arrest (George). This incident took place at the “MedStar Good Samaritan hospital” in Baltimore MD, where Mr. King was admitted as a patient. Mr. King suffered from Meningitis which causes seizures, along with aggressive behavior. When King was asked by hospital staff to move to the intensive care unit, he became aggressive, which may have been because of the medication he received (George). Hospital

Shock is a collapse of Circulatory function caused by severe injury, blood loss, or disease, and characterized by pallor sweating, weak pulse, and very low blood pressure .There are three basic types of shock. Cardiogenic Shock [includes tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponede and pulmonary embolism] which is caused by the heart failing to pump as designed. Distributive shock [includes septic shock, neurogenic shock, anaphylactic shock and psychogenic shock] which is caused by poor vessel function. Lastly we have hypovolemic shock [includes hemorrhagic shock and non hemorrhagic shock]. Cardiogenic shock is basically shock that is cardiac in nature. It is also the end off of the road for all other causes of shock. Cardiogenic shock

Shock is a serious medical issue characterized by insufficient perfusion, which can lead to sepsis and death. A patient going into shock is something that an EMT may face in the field, therefore an EMT must be able to accurately identify and diagnose all types of shock. Although there are many specific types of shock, the most widely accepted division of shock was established by authors of “The Fundamental mechanisms of shock” Hinshaw and cox. Hinshaw and cox explain that shock can be separated into four broad pieces: hypovolemic shock, cardiogenic shock, distributive shock, and extracardiac obstructive shock (Sethi).

Shock is a life-threatening condition. It is failure to get blood, oxygen, and nutrients to vital organs. Cardiogenic shock is a type of shock that happens when the heart fails to pump blood effectively through the body. This can occur if a damaged or weakened heart cannot pump blood. Cardiogenic shock is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment.

When not given CPR right away , the cardiac arrest victim may have no chance to survive until professional care providers arrive on the scene. On an average it takes three to four minutes for the EMS to get there. It is most effective immediately after a victim’s heart stops beating. According to The American Heart Association(2017), “For each minute CPR is not performed the chance of survival decreases by 10%”(para.5). Saying that by the time the EMS arrives to the scene that victim’s chance of living decreased by 40%. For a bystander to perform CPR they would be getting the blood pumping to the brain and other organs. If a cardiac arrest were to take place the victim may have chest pains then collapse or faint. By collapsing they will go

Hemorrhagic shock results from a life-threatening loss of blood and leads to tissue ischemia and insufficient evacuation of cellular metabolic degradation products. Mortality is linked directly to massive blood loss or occurs indirectly due to secondary multiple organ failure. In particular, loss of gastrointestinal, renal, hepatic, and pulmonary function is frequent after hemorrhagic shock (1). Current guidelines for nonsurgical treatment of hemorrhagic shock recommend rapid volume resuscitation by using crystalloids to restore the intravascular volume (2). However, this practice is controversial because aggressive restoration of intravascular volume with a rapid increase in blood pressure before controlling hemorrhage can lead to increased