United Flight 811
On February 24, 1989, a United airlines Boeing 747-122 suffered an explosive decompression which tore off its cargo door and killed 9 people as it climbed to 23,000 feet after taking off from Honolulu Hawaii. At first, it was thought a bomb went off in the plane, though it was later revealed the aircraft that was used for the flight had recently had work done on the forward cargo door. This led the National Transportation Safety bureau (NTSB) to believe the ground crew was at fault for mishandling and not maintaining the locking mechanisms on the cargo door, causing damage to the door and resulting in the explosive decompression in flight. This accident stands out as one of the few where the crew did everything right through careful use of Crew Resource Management skills, succeeding in landing the plane without further loss of life. Despite the NTSB’s initial results from their investigation, Parents of one of the fatalities of the accident went through with their own investigation which revealed that the decompression was because of flaws in the electrical and cargo door latching systems resulting in an Airworthiness directive being issued for all planes of that type to prevent further similar accidents.
Timeline up to the accident
United Flight 811 was a regularly scheduled flight from Los Angeles, California to Mascot, Australia with two stops in Honolulu, Hawaii, and Auckland, New Zealand. The plane scheduled for the flight was a Boeing 747-122, with
Just moments after being given instructions to climb to a higher altitude “the captain stated, ‘Look at that crazy fuel flow indicator their on number four, see that?’” (TWA flight crash). Afterwards, in an investigation lead by the Nation Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) they concluded that the cause of the crash was due to the combustion of the mixture of air and fuel in the “center wing fuel tank” (TWA flight crash). It is no wonder why many people believe the cause of the crash was a fuel tank explosion. Later, the NTSB claimed that two worn down wires must have sparked in the fuel tank, exploding the whole plane (Cole 36). The NTSB also that the flammability in the central wing fuel tank, due to the hazardous mixture of air and fuel, was too high (TWA Flight 800). Based on the various tests and investigations of the crash, mechanical failure has remained one of the most accepted theories of the flight’s
Found on Celebrity Airlines Flight 82181 were a number of substances brought on by passengers. Given that the crash was ruled a terrorist attack, identification of all substances found on and in the bodies and luggages of the victims needed to be made. To do this, empirical and molecular formulas were put into use when determining substance identities. Each substance was tested to find the percent composition of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, and then used to find the empirical formula of the substance by using 100 grams of each substance to represent 100% made up by the elements combined. The mass of each element in the substance calculated from the percent was then divided by the molar mass of that
In the short essay “9.11.01: The Skyscraper and The Airplane” Adam Goodheart defines the purpose of skyscrapers and airplanes. The history, similarities and differences, and the devastation that Goodheart describes is a vital part to his essay. As Goodheart describes the history of the first skyscraper and the first airplane, it gives you a sense on how they could be similar. Skyscrapers and airplanes are two pieces of construction that could potentially be devastating to the human race. Some people live their lives in fear but for the certain individuals brave enough to tackle these big dreams of making history is remarkable. These people literally go to new heights to establish something important in American history. Adam
Terrorist attacks weaken the spirits of everyone in the world. On the day of September 11, 2000, you can hear the endless hearts and spirits breaking around the world. In the article, “ 9/11: Finding Answers in Ashes 16 years later,” Editorial Board, tells the story of how the chief medical examiner, Dr. Barbara Sampson explains the process and the work that was completed after the 9/11 attack.
Our society today has transformed in ways that our Founding Fathers would have never expected. Life changing events such as 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States has set the tone in how our government responds to such horror. It has put the entire nation on an edge and citizens feel the insecurity of their government and fear for their safety. Every individual was scrutinized, but some were looked at more closely than others due to their sex, race, and religious background. Government has formed and initiated new programs that aim to provide more vigilance especially in areas with high volume of people such as the Transportation Security Administration (TSA). Attitudes and demeanor towards non-Americans began drastically change negatively; meanwhile government focused their effects on providing security to their concerned citizens. A once presumed safe nation was now at risk for possible terrorist attacks, ongoing wars, and discrimination has been on the high rise. Even now in 2016, society still feels that aftermath and shockwaves of what rocked our nation 15 years ago.
In order to understand what chages took place and why they had to change i have to look first at aviation security pre 9/11. I went digging around my local libraries archives and was not able to find much regarding federal operation of aviation protection before 9/11. So i switched to google scholor and happened upon a treasure trove of new information. Before 9/11 the respocibility of airport security was not a purely federal government responcibility, it was divied up between 3 different groups: airport operators, airlines, and the Federal Aviation Administration (Seidinstat). Each of these groups had a different roll.
One of the most known and worst events occurred on September 11, 2001. Terror attacks occurred in the United States of America in the cities of Washington D.C. and New York City. An Al-Qaeda terrorist group organized this attack by sending terrorists on four different airplanes to crash into the World Trade Center in New York City, and the Pentagon in Washington D.C. Two planes crashed into the World Trade Center, while another one was targeted for the Pentagon. Although one plane hit the Pentagon, the other went off course and crashed into a field in Pennsylvania. The plane that crashed into a field in Pennsylvania was supposed to either hit the White House or the Capital building. Over 3,000 people died and this day in
On September 11, 2001, nineteen terrorists took control of four planes and caused one of the biggest tragedies in American history. At 8:45 a.m. and 9:03 a.m., two of the hijacked planes crashed into the two towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, leaving hundreds trapped, dead, and injured. The towers were given unsustainable damage for they both soon collapsed, the South falling first within minutes, the North following a little more than an hour later. As those shocking events were happening, a third plane crashed into the west side of the Pentagon at 9:45 a.m. in Washington D.C., leading to half of the building’s ruin. The last plane –Flight 93– did not suffer as big as consequences as the other crashes, thanks to a group of
8:41 am: United Airlines Flight 93,takes off with 37 passengers from Newark International Airport, to San Francisco International Airport. Four hijackers are aboard, its flight path initially takes it close to the World Trade Center, which is 3 minutes away from being struck, before moving away westwards.
9/11 took place in September 11 2001. It heavily affected Air Travel, getting through security, passports, and other. My Dad was finishing the “Great Goose Inn” at Ruthin lake that day. as he pulled up to the Inn the first reports on the radio said the small plane had clipped one of the World Trade centers.By the time he got inside, more reports said it was a big jet and soon after the second plane hit the other building.
It began on September 11, 2001, just before 9:00 am, The skies were clear, blue and the temperature was around a perfect 80 degrees. Five hijackers boarded American Airlines Flight 11 heading for Los Angeles, Ca. They crashed Flight 11 into the north side of World Trade Center Tower 1. A few minutes later from the same airport, Logan International airport, five hijackers boarded United Airlines Flight 175 heading toward Los Angeles, Ca also. The hijackers crashed Flight 175 into World Trade Center Tower 2. At about the same time from Washington Dulles International airport, five hijackers boarded American Airlines Flight 77 heading to Los Angeles, Ca. and it was crashed into the Pentagon. Thirty minutes after Flight 77 leaves Washington Dulles, four hijackers boarded United Airlines Flight 93 from Newark International airport to San Francisco, Ca. The four hijackers crashed near Shanksville, Pa. after the passengers fought the hijackers. Experts suggested that Flight 93 's target is believed to have been either the Capitol or the White House. Flight 93 's cockpit voice recorder revealed crew and passengers tried to seize control of the plane from the hijackers after learning through phone calls that Flights 11, 77, and 175 had been crashed into buildings that morning. Once it became evident to the hijackers that the passengers might regain control of the plane, the hijackers rolled the plane and intentionally crashed it.
|Flight 5390 was a British Airways flight between Birmingham International Airport in England and Málaga, Spain. On June 10, 1990 there |
Flight 1420 was a disaster that taught the aviation community several important lessons. All the Seven Major Elements of Aviation safety can be seen as contributing factors but the greatest factor was human error and the impact of pilot fatigue. With proper preventative measures, the pilots probably would have had the time to arm the MD-82’s spoiler system and the flight would have touched down safely.
The airline industry has seen drastic changes since September 11, 2001. The government ordered a complete shutdown for three days of not only all commercial aircraft but such carriers as domestic flights and emergency aircraft. For days after September 11th, all aircraft stayed on the ground. Even military aircraft had to receive special clearance to fly. In a ripple effect, the entire economy of the United States and the world was put on hold. The New York Stock Exchange shut its doors because of the attacks on the towers of the World Trade Center.
The above mentioned airplane was a planned commercial passenger flight that took off from LaGuardia Airport, New York destined for Charlotte Douglas Airport in North Carolina on January 15, 2009. Six minutes after takeoff, the airplane was successfully abandoned in Hudson River after striking multiple birds during its initial climb out. The crew reported by radio two minutes after takeoff at an altitude of 3,200 feet, the Airbus experienced multiple bird strikes. The result of this multiple bird strikes, which occurred in northeast of George Washington Bridge was compressor stalls as well as loss of thrust in both engines. The Airbus was ditched in Hudson River after the aircrew