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Causes And Effects Of Acid Rain

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Acid rain is a result of air pollution that includes any form of precipitation with acidic elements like nitric or sulphuric acid . Many different chemicals are produced when any type of fuel is burnt. The smoke that is emitted from a car exhaust does not only contain the sooty grey particles that is visible to eyes but also contains many harmful invisible gases, which can be dangerous to the environment. Polluting gases are produced due to combustion as factories, cars and power stations all burn fuels. Some of the gases, especially nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) react with tiny droplets of water (H2O) in clouds to form nitric and sulphuric acids. The rain that falls from these clouds is slightly acidic and therefore is known as the acid rain. Acid rain is a type of acid deposition that can appear in both wet and dry forms including rain, snow, hail and even dust. These depositions can be carried by wind over long distances and have various harmful effects on the soil, aquatic environment, forests, vegetation cover and plantations, architecture and buildings as well as public health . The main focus of this report is about the major damages to the buildings and architectures caused by acid rain. This report is also going to discuss the strategies or recommendations that can be used for the prevention of acid rain.
Human activities are the main cause of acid rain. Humans have discharged various different chemicals into the air, which have altered the mixture of gases in the atmosphere over the past few decades. Power plants release a large number of sulphur dioxide and much of the nitrogen oxides through the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal for the production of electricity. Additionally, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide are also released by the exhaust from cars, trucks and buses, which eventually leads to acid rain. . Acidity of rain is determined based on the pH level of water droplets. Normal rain water is acidic to some extent with a pH scale of 5.3 to 6.0 as carbon dioxide and water present in the atmosphere react together to produce carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is a weak acid. The equation for carbonic acid is CO2 + H2O ⇌ H2CO3. Both human activities and natural sources play

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