In both Bolivia and Brazil locals rallied around a plethora of issues. Bolivia, specifically Cochabamba, rallied around the issue unfair water practices by the foreign company Bechtel. Cochabamba’s dependence on Bechtel sprung out of a need for water that had festered due to overpopulation, deforestation, and poverty. However, Bechtel proved to be a major problem and increased water rates by more than 50% which caused the locals to riot. Problems also exist in Brazil in the favelas and for the landless peasants. Favelas are small houses that are on land that is not owned by the occupants of the favela. People live in favelas due to extreme poverty as many favelas lack sewage, garbage collection, water and are plagued with drug dealing and crime.
The police in Rio de Janeiro regularly takes bribes from drug lords, abuses favela citizens, and sells back drugs and firearms to the drug trade. Because of this, the favela becomes scared of the police, which can make some places dangerous to be at which can make it easier for people to be killed.
The populist governments, seen in the 1950’s and 1960’s in South America, spurred industrial growth and a sense of “consciousness” amongst the inhabitants of the Latin American countries. The industrial growth greatly benefited the middle-class and the working-class; however, the poor were driven into shantytowns and rural areas. To illustrate the great poverty of this time in Latin America, people living in “shantytowns” resided in vast settlements built of cardboard and other available materials such as metal and sheets of plastic. These “towns” frequently lacked proper sanitation. One could imagine how living in these shantytowns would degrade the human spirit and foster a sense of worthlessness. The abrupt shift in the social classes
The government makes one of the biggest contributions to the welfare of the family by providing financial safety. The problem is that the government fails to show any concern for these families unless it is brought to their attention, and even then nothing is changed. The lack of interest by the housing authorities leads to the neglect of Horner for over fifteen years. “The rotting carcasses explained the putrid odor rising from the Riverses’ toilet. It wasn’t aborted fetuses, as LaJoe had though. It was dead animals, the stench of rotting flesh rising through the pipes” (Kotlowitz 241). The government leaves the projects to fend for themselves, which increased the communities’ turmoil. If the government and the people worked together, more problems could be solved.
Sao Paulo is Brazil’s financial center and is well-known for its breathtaking views, its abundant cultural institutions and for their rich architectural scene. However, there are many negative issues that are ravaging the lives of the citizens in this city. For starters, Sao Paulo has terribly congested traffic, a significant amount of crime and gang violence, a lack of quality in the medicine-health field, a high amount of air pollution, and also water shortages. However, these are not the biggest of their obstacles. Sao Paulo’s most pressing issue of the moment is the informal housing that is plaguing the city. This essay will first analyze Sao Paulo, Brazil’s informal housing issue, then will compare Sao Paulo’s unique obstacle to similar
Many believe that congress is trying to look after themselves because of the “Car Wash Investigation” and blaming everything on Rousseff for what happen and claiming that she could have used the money for her pass reelection and no one would know but her. When congress voted to impeach Rousseff and she did not stand a chance losing by a landslide now the senate where they will check on whether congress vote is true or not deny the impeachment. The reason why I choose this current event is because it reflects back on the reading called “Never Meant to Survive” by John H Costa Vargas. In the reading Vargas talks about Brazil myth. “According to the existing myth, Brazil is a polity characterized by the relative unimportance of race both as a cognitive-moral category and as a determinant of one’s structural social position” (104). In other words, what Vargas is saying that Brazil is still based on a social hierarchy and how the power stays within the same social class. When congress got caught with the scandal behind Rousseff back they blamed everything on her to sustain the power. Brazil is known for having hundreds of Favelas where poverty is at its extreme. As talked in class the rich and elite earned money are not invested in poor society, but rather back to themselves or somewhere elsewhere. When Dilma Rousseff was in office the economy was at the best and before that Brazil was still
Thousands of tiny, cliffside houses surround the city, climbing up into the verdant hills, packed together like brightly colored sardines. These are the favelas, home to hundreds of thousands of the poorest people in Brazil. Many of Rio’s favelas remain dangerous and unstable, but in the past several years the Brazilian government has begun a movement of pacification. Where once police would simply invade, battle a gang and withdraw, they are now permanently stationed to ensure the safety of neighborhood residents. This safety, however, brings with it a new kind of danger: as the favelas are pacified and begin to develop,
Commuting to Tamazula, Mexico to convert the urban decay and decrepit slums into regenerated habitable communities, taught me a cosmopolitan comprehension of the meaning of community. While visiting my grandmother in Tamazula, I became aware of a substantial community who continually lost their homes to the failed war on drugs. Prodded by my mother, I traveled multiple times a year at a young age to work the sugar cane plantations which lay in the underbelly of Mexico's crime ridden ghost towns in order to make enough money to transform the village into one that parallels the proverbial "city upon a hill". What started as an act of charity induced by a sense of duty, developed into an all consuming and burning desire to participate in every
Guerilla warfare and drug gangs in the “favelas of Brazil” pushed many families to emigrate to the United States and Canada; separating families (“Latin America” 3). The people of Latin America love pursuing human contact, so those families that did stay found themselves in the cites. That is because opportunity lied in the city, and no longer on the country-side; therefore, leading to a constant flow of people from rural to urban areas. The author says, “In Latin America, urban culture was not created by industrial growth; it predated it” (“Latin America” 4).
This explains why they overwhelmingly support Lula and Dilma Rousseff in the current political and economic crisis, unlike the rest of the population (Caulyt and Malkes 2016; Favela 247 2016). However, due to the rising living costs in the pacified favelas (Oosterban and Van Hijk 2015), the Bolsa Família does not provide a support that would be sufficient to overcome clientelism. Moreover, the Bolsa Família is often blamed for not giving voice to civil society (Hevia 2011), therefore participatory policies are generally preferred.
Such stakeholders are comprised from both the private and public sectors. Urban poverty is primarily shaped by an increased population of the poor and the undocumented employees. Such persons are limited from attaining meaningful employments bargains due to their desperate financial positions. The position limits their ability to secure convenient banking tariffs, thus affecting their savings capacity, as well as ability to take loans. The failed financial strength confers their inferiority in the real estate market. They are left unable to enjoy reasonable housing options. Their eventual resort rests on the political elite, which considers them as capital to fund their governance interests. They are thus condemned to a life toned by poverty, as and a connotation of
6.1 In The Planet of the Slums, Mike Davis using the definition made by the US Department of Labor, describes slums as “an area of dirty back streets, especially when inhabited by squalid and criminal population” (Davis: 22). Brasilmar Ferreira Nunes and Leticia Veloso, similarly explain the definition of “favelas”, as a “marginalized urban space” (Nunes & Veloso: 225). In other words, a slum is an underprivileged, underdevelopment, and often dirty and overpopulated “neighborhood.” I personally prefer Nunes and Veloso’s definition of favelas to the US Department’s definition of a slum. I agree that a slum is looked at as dirty and can contain a criminal like population, yet I disagree that these slums are always in the “back streets.”
In the water cycle when water evaporates, most of the water evaporates of trees, and all so the biggest rainforests on earth are in Brazil and over in Brazil they are cutting down the trees to make cattle farms. So when the water cycle happens inside the rainforests of Brazil there won't be any water to evaporate then clouds don't form then there is no rain then the trees stop growing then the soil starts to get worse and then those areas where the government wants to put cattle farms will grow slower because of the
The article talks about the life inside these favelas. For tourists, these slums may be seen as a place of unique interest, but to the Brazilian people, these slums are the most dangerous places in the country. But the question arises that why can 't the government do anything about these slums. The article describes that these favelas are so dangerous that even the Brazilian armed police are often scared to launch any
One particular program that has been noted for the positive outcome in the low income families was, The Bolsa Familia Program. Even though this particular program has been cited for being one of the greatest impacts in these Brazilian countries for their direct transfer program, they are still limited in resources, therefore causing, the already poverty stricken households to suffer even
Arembepéiros used the term “burguês” to depict wealth people who made more than 50,000 curzeiros or $850 a month. The 1960’was a prime resource to demonstrate their ranked society. Most of not all had the same access to the same basic standard of living. Their homes were mostly made out of wattle and daub or brick with tile to palm-frond roofs. It was a modest living insinuating that they also had the same access to resources. The lagoon was the hot spot for women who did most of their domestic duties with the water it provided. Men and women had their own separate bathing locations, while to women occupied the lagoon and men had the ocean. Women used the water of the lagoon to bathe, wash dishes and in a sense was used as a runoff for the bathrooms. This however began to pale in comparison as the village enters into the 70’s and 80’s. Many different technological innovations began to creep up and change the local economy with a new perspective on a different way of life. The ranked society that was once prominent in the 60’s has been taken over by a stratified society. This overall outlook on life has been in the making for the last several years with the constant media attention they have been getting due to pollution in connection with