PS 330 Comparative Review
Introduction
Charles Kenny’s Getting Better and Nina Munk’s profile of Jeffrey Sachs in The Idealist represents two distinct perspectives on how best to promote development and the challenges associated with implementing such transformative visions. Jeffery Sachs takes a very straight forward approach to problem of how to eradicate poverty. He claimed that in order to eradicate poverty all we need to do is increase the monetary aid these underdeveloped countries. While Charles Kenny takes a more holistic approach. He claims we should focus less income to determine development and focus more on human development factors in order to gradually promote development. After reading both of these books, I believe
…show more content…
Initially a five-year project with the goal of proving “Sachs’s systematic, scientific approach to ending poverty could be used on a grand scale – in which case, millions upon millions of rural Africans would be rescued from the poverty trap and lifted to ‘the first rung on the ladder of development’” (38). His assumption was that if it can achieve positive results in one village it would possible replicate in other places as well. Yet, what he failed to understand was that poverty is not systematic. It is not organized and the problems that causes poverty is not the same everywhere.
Another problem with his model was that it only looked at the problems that were on the surface, for example in the millennium villages handbook “entire chapter had been devoted to improving agriculture yields, boosting school enrollment, and promoting gender equality. But nothing in the handbook told the agents how to reduce crime” (49). While model did have solution to basic problems that were behind the cause of poverty, it did not take into deeper problems that could be preventing the eradication of poverty. There were also cultural and religious beliefs and social conventions that interrupted the project. When Ahmed, one of the agents of the Millennium Villages Project tried to encourage the people of Dertu to cut grass in order to turn it into hay, he was met with opposition “‘god had brought us this grass,’ one man objected. ‘it is not ours to cut’” (53). These people were hard to
Nelson Mandela, a revolutionary, advocated diligently for human rights and emphasized, “Like slavery and apartheid, poverty is not natural. It is man-made and it can be overcome and eradicated by the actions of human beings” (Guy-Allen). He believed that poverty can be ended with humanity’s help. Poverty has been an issue for a long time, and people are going farther below the poverty line daily. There are many recent articles and conferences that discuss the causes and solutions to poverty overall. Some feel as if society is not doing enough for people in this position. Others view it as a situation that someone can get themselves out of with no extra help. But, there is a group that poverty strikes the hardest. The effects that poverty has on children is the worst. They cannot help themselves because they lack the power to do so. Therefore, it is the government’s job to make sure they are not being left behind. If they are not brought out of this, generational poverty will continue and increase the poverty rate. There should be more money put towards programs that directly aid to children in poverty because their position is holding them back from being successful.
In his book, "Promises not kept" Isbister explains to us that most of the people living in poverty stricken Asia, South America, and Africa are plagued by disease, danger and uncertainty. Isbister asks us the question of why social change in the third world has come to a halt and how come there is massive and swelling poverty that continues to plague almost all of the developing countries. Social scientists have developed different approaches to help understand why there is poverty in the third world and also to help seek out the answers to why poverty keeps on persisting.
Application of the same example to a more global perspective of poverty, if we can reduce avoidable death of 400 million people
We live in a world where technology is advanced and it has solved many of our problems in the past, but an issue that has not been solved is poverty. Poverty is being extremely poor to the point where one cannot afford the daily necessities to survive, like food and shelter. Amongst the many problems we face today such as, war and climate change, poverty is a significant problem we have yet to solve. Poverty cannot be solved in a day nor in a year, in fact it might never be completely solved. Taking the right steps to significantly reduce poverty such as, becoming strict on those who apply for government assistance, donating leftover food for those in need and funding more resources into programs for rehabilitation may help decrease poverty.
There is this idea that the poor are all the same and that they all became poor the same way. This is not true, the amount of information the average person has related to poverty is small, almost a “snapshot” of what is truly happening to the impoverished. Measuring poverty is very difficult because of this, every person’s experience is different which makes it hard to find a way to measure them all the same way. Although some people are born into poverty, many are only impoverished for a small amount of time. Without understanding a person’s past with poverty and their “poverty spells” it is hard to tell how poor they are and what should be done about it. To put a person on a certain spot on the poverty spectrum, not only will their financial value need to be evaluated but also their well-being. If poverty is to be defined correctly, poverty spells must be acknowledged. So that the view America has is not a “snapshot but a movie”
In this week’s reading of Thomas Pagge’s “Priorities of Global Justice”, I found it very interesting when he describes some of the systemic and external influences that keep people in poverty despite their best efforts to climb the social ladder. For example, when Pagge explains how a farm boy may lack the proper motivation to achieve greater things in life due to issues of malnutrition and poor education in his childhood, it explains how poverty becomes an endless cycle that is practically impossible for people stuck in it to get out of (717).
“Humanity actually solved agricultural poverty a century ago, in theory. We just haven't delivered these things to everybody just yet. In this century, the reason that people remain poor is because maybe they live in remote places. They lack access to these things. Therefore, ending poverty is simply a matter of delivering proven goods and services to people. We don't need more genius types right now. The humble delivery guy is going to end global poverty in our lifetime.” – Interesting
At first, I thought that Sachs was trying hard to find a solution to end poverty but in some parts of the story, he would humble-brag about the number of places he been in. “I have visited and worked in more than a hundred countries with around 90 percent of the world’s population.” (Sachs, 289) But I still feel like Sach’s validity is to try to stop poverty because he was bragging but he had many arguments to stop impoverishment. U.S spends their money on the military to build up our army when we should spend it on feeding and supporting those who can’t support themselves (the poor). “$450 billion on military, and only $15 million to address the troubles with poverty.” My group picked this claim as our strongest because it spoke out to us and we understood what Sach was trying to tell us. He was trying to tell us that we are wasting money on terrorist than giving money to people in need. Another claim is, People aren’t aware of the amount of poverty in the world. “More than 20,000 people perished yesterday of extreme poverty.”(Sachs,287) 20,000 people are dying because they are poor and that is a great number of people, and we should realize that. The claims that my group and I found, all had a strong evidence to support
In The Idealist, author Nina Munk documents six years of observation of economist Jeffrey Sachs’ great experiment, named the Millennium Villages Project (MVP), whose goal stated that extreme poverty could be eradicated with one “big push” of aid financing that would support development interventions. “It is an account of how a brilliant, well-intentioned man’s pride, arrogance, and insecurities prevented him from making a significant contribution to the progress of the developing world and solving one of the greatest challenges of our time”, as stated by Catherine Franklin, even the title evokes an emotion to the reader, The Quest to End Poverty in that we all quietly cheer for him and his project.
Jeffrey Sachs (n.d) has many titles like: economist, Professor, author, United Nations advisor, and more. His work in sustainable development led to the creation of his book The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time (2005). This book is very criticized by Professor Easterly (2006), who is also an economist. Firstly, Easterly (2006) criticizes Sachs’ usage of the term “Big Push” to end poverty. According to Economics Concepts (n.d.), Big Push means “a certain minimum amount of resources must be devoted for developmental programs.” (Para. 1). According to Easterly (2006), “Sachs proposes the Big Push for poor
The concept of ‘sustainable development’ is one that has faced heated debates for decades now. A seemingly harmless concept, it raises a lot of questions as to what it really entails and how exactly it can be achieved. But with more than 1.3 billion people living in abject poverty (less than $1.25 a day), and with a reported 22,000 children dying every day as a result of poverty (UNICEF), the debate for Sustainable Development becomes interesting as it questions the extremity of economic growth policies, in the war against poverty. Many note economic growth and development as the only tool for poverty alleviation. Roemer and Gugerty, for example, report that GDP growth of 10% per year is associated with income growth of 10% for the poorest 40% of the population. However, others question the extent to which economic growth should be put above other socio-economic factors. Lele points out that the focus on economic growth has led to important ecological and social sustainability, taking the backseat. He argues that due to strong emphasis on economic growth, not enough attention is paid to social equity, and economic stability within the development discourse.
One can easily identify the fact that poverty is generally considered as one among the most serious problems in human life. But the mainstream society provides less importance to this serious problem because human life did undergo transformation from empathy to disinterestedness. The western nations are comparatively safe from poverty and related issues, but the third-world nations are under the threat of the same. The problems related to global poverty is unimaginable because it forces human beings to do anything, just for survival. Still, world nations, especially the developed nations, can play the most important role in alleviating poverty from the world. Thesis statement: Global poverty, the most serious problem faced by humanity primarily
Thousands of individuals are living in poverty. Why is it that this worldwide dilemma is still rising in rapid numbers till this day? Is it because of a lack of authoritative power, or a lack of one’s self control to do good? Despite the unknown cause, it has managed to drastically affect the lives of many. Poverty is like a curse, one that is wrongfully placed, difficult to get out of, and resistant to many forms of help.
Unfortunately, it was estimated that roughly 1.2 billion people in 1993 lived in extreme or absolute poverty, that which Robert McNamara regards “‘a condition of life so characterized by malnutrition, illiteracy, disease, squalid surroundings, high infant mortality and low life expectancy as to be beneath any reasonable standard of human dignity’” (Singer 219, 220). These estimates can be projected at nearly 2 billion today. A large majority of the people living in absolute poverty resides in underdeveloped countries. Among the nearly 4.4 billion people in these countries, “3/5 lives in societies lacking basic sanitation; 1/3 go without safe drinking water; 1/4 lack adequate housing; 1/5 are undernourished, and 1.3 billion live on less than $1 a day” (Speth 1).
When we attack poverty on many levels, bringing together aid and education, community and economic development, and bringing empowerment to individuals, women and children, then we can begin to see real change in the communities and society. However, society is strutted in such a way that not all