One the biggest psychological disorders in our society is childhood autism. Childhood autism is defined as “A pervasive developmental disorder defined by the presence of abnormal and/or impaired development that is manifest before the age of 3 years, and by the characteristic type of abnormal functioning in all three areas of social interaction, communication, and restricted, repetitive behaviour.” (MHresource.org). Furthermore, boys are three to four more times likely to develop childhood autism than girls (MHresources.org). Statistics also show that the prevalence of childhood autism in births is one in fifty-nine and has grown 119.4 percent from 2000 to 2010 (CDC). Now, researchers are looking into what causes childhood autism. They are …show more content…
There has been research in the genetic factors that cause autism. One of these research methods is “family-based and case-control evaluations of candidate genes. These studies have identified numerous candidate loci, most consistently on chromosomes 7q, 15q and 2q.” ( Muhle et al. 2004; and Santangelo and Tsatsanis, 2005, as cited in Landrigan, 2010, pg. 220). Another form of genetic research that has occurred in studying autism is “cytogenetic studies…cytogenetic studies have identified abnormalities on chromosome 15q.” (Muhle et al. 2004, as cited in Landrigan, 2010, pg. 220). While, these genetic research opportunities have found relevant data, only about 8 percent of all autism cases are genetic (Landrigan, 2010). Another cause that has been researched is how environmental factors cause autism. One study found “an increased incidence of autism is reported among children exposed prenatally to thalidomide.” (Rodier, 2002, as cited in Landrigan, 2010, pg. 221). Another chemical that has been found to have a connection with autism is misoprostol. In the U.S. it is used to treat gastric ulcers and, in an instance in Brazil, four out of seven infants that were exposed to misoprostol had autism (Bandim et al. 2003, as cited in Landrigan, 2010, pg. 221). These are only a few examples of research projects and data that has been collected regarding childhood …show more content…
In recent times, autism has gained attention because of the large scope of the problem. One of the most well-known facts about autism is it occurs in all racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds (CDC). While researching about autism there were not many aspects that hindered my research. However, there was one source that had a negative connotation and had a small effect on the credibility of other sources. Volkmar, Chawarska, and Klin wrote a paper that stated: “information on autism in infants and very young children is limited.” Furthermore, the report also said “Delays in diagnosis were common and a diagnosis often was not made until age 4.) (Siegel et al. 1988, as cited in Volkmar et al. 2005, pg. 315-316). These statements produced uncertainty with my research, but the other sources outweighed those
Fombonne, E. (2000,November, 20). Is there an epidemic of autism? Pediatrics, Retrieved January 20, 2008, from http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/107/2/411?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=eric+fombonne&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT
In the United States, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention reports that between 1 in 80 and 1 in 240, for an average of 1 in 110 children have an autism spectrum disorder, “ASD” (Nirv, Shah 2011). According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, up to six out of every 1,000 children may be diagnosed with some form of autism. In addition, boys are four times more likely than girls to have autism. This means that as many as 1.5 million Americans today are believed to have some form of autism. Unfortunately, the numbers appear to be increasing rapidly. Autism is a disability that frequently appears during the first three years of life. It is the result of a neurological disorder that affects the
Autism is defined as the brain disorder that begins in early childhood and persists throughout adulthood. Autism affects three areas of human development: (1) verbal and nonverbal communication, (2) social interaction, and (3) creative or imaginative play. Autism is considered a severe disorder and developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see, hear and sense. The cause of autism remains unknown. Current theories indicate a problem with the function or structure of the central nervous system. This essay overviews the history of autism and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). It provides an idea of the population and causes of autism. It takes about the program services and the current operational issues related to autism.
Autism has become one of the fastest growing developmental disorder in the recent years. In the year 2000, the prevalence of ASD was 1 out of 150 school-age children (Schaefer, 2016, pg***). According to the latest data by the Center of Disease Control, or CDC, it is estimated that the incidence is now 1 in every 68 children that is diagnosed with autism in the United States. It is also estimated that autism is approximately 4.5 times more common among boys (1 in 42) than among girls (1 in 189) (CDC, 2014).
In the United States, about 1 in every 68 births has a mental disorder called autism. (CDC, 2014) However in the world, about 1 percent has autism. (CDC, 2014) Autism is a mental disorder that an individual develops in their early childhood with the causes of abnormal brain structure, shape, and function. This mental disorder deals with the impairment of someone’s ability to communicate and their interaction with others. In addition to, it is a developmental disability, which means the signs of autism will not happen right away, but will develop throughout their years. People with autism cannot control the effects of their behavior in society, considering its effects of being a mental disorder, cannot be cured and it makes life difficult for
Autism is a scientific labyrinth, providing an infinite amount of questions but very few answers. Over the past few decades there has been a significant rise in the number of people who have been diagnosed with Autism. Due to the increase in Autism diagnoses, there is also an increased need for better research and understanding about this complex neurological and developmental disorder. Autism has been documented and diagnosed in all social, economic, religious, and ethnic groups. Autism is referred to as a spectrum because of its wide range of severity levels and disorders. Autism is characterized by its impact on communication, cognitive ability, socialization, behaviors, and emotional understanding. Autism was initially speculated to be an early form of schizophrenia, which sparked the belief that it was caused by negative experiences or bad parenting. With
In recent years, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased greatly (Nevison 2014). For example, in 2000 the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network estimated about 1 in 150 children had ASD. Six years later in 2006, the prevalence increased to about 1 in every 110 children and then most recently in 2012 to 1 in 68 children. According to the CDC (2008) autism is the fastest-growing developmental disability. With the growing prevalence of autism, the society has been impacted in several ways. For example, the its prevalence has allowed for increases in advocacy, data collection and overall greater acceptance and understanding for autism spectrum disorder.
It's time for preschool and you're really worried about your child. You love them dearly, but you're worried that they may fall on the autism spectrum. As a result, you're not sure if they're ready or even capable of attending preschool. Thankfully, it's not only possible, but it can be beneficial to them.
Autism spectrum disorder first became a diagnosed disorder when it was described by a psychiatrist named, Leo Kanner in 1943. As a result of a study he conducted involving 11 children, he developed a diagnostic criteria based on observations of repetitive, stereotyped behavior with consistent impairment in social interactions (Volden, 2017). Over time however, autism became synonymous with Asperger’s disorder and pervasive developmental disorder that included similar, but widely different diagnostic criteria in social interactions. Not until 1994 did the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of Mental Disorders 4th edition recognize autism as a distinct disorder, being classified today in the 5th edition of DSM as autism spectrum
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a very difficult genetic disorder to live with. People with ASD have troubles socializing or verbalizing with other people. Women can avoid there child having autism by taking vitamins or eating food that has folic acid in it. In some cases the person could have strokes on and off. Some major causes are environmental stress, or genetic mutations in their genes. In chromosomes there are pairs, and those pairs can become mixed up and create a mutation. Repetitions of certain behaviors, social Impairment, and communication difficulties are some major symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Some odd behaviors might be refusing to meet everybody, not just certain people. Social impairment is when the victim is not wanting to communicate with or welcome other people. Clearly, ASD is a difficult disorder to live with.
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a developmental disability that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges. Children with autism condition may have speech delay and not be able to communicate whatsoever; mainly, those with severe autism. Though when children are diagnosed with autism early on their lives becomes manageable and their parents may get the help they need. I work at a hospital where I meet autistic children and their parents. The number of Somali children is very high, as some parents are confused and did not know the resources that were available to them. There is a stigma that is associated with ASD. It is a taboo in the Somali community and parent who have special need child/children
There has been an increase in the global distribution of autism in an epidemiological study conducted between the late 1960s and early 1970s. The prevalence estimated from the epidemiological study estimates that from studies conducted in Europe, at least one in two thousand five hundred children were at a risk of ASD (Gillberg and Wing, 1999). By the 2000s, the prevalence rate estimated from a large survey in that approximately 1% to 2% of children were at a risk of ASD (Lai, Lombardo and Baron-Cohen, 2013; Schieve, et al., 2012; Blumberg,
In 1943 a child psychiatrist named Leo Kanner wrote about a group of children who were apathetic to their family members and made odd and repetitive movements. A year later, Hans Asperger observed similar behavior in another group of children, also noting a lack of understanding of social conventions (Lai, 2014). These two observations would be the beginning of a disorder known as the Autism Spectrum Disorder. This developmental disorder, characterized by a range of deficits in different areas, is increasingly prevalent in society and in the media. While the exact numbers vary from country to country, according to Lai (2014), 1% of the general population is diagnosed with an Autism Spectrum Disorder. The range of this disorder has a detrimental effect on society, specifically the educational system due to specialized care needed for children with the disorder. Prior to being known as Autism Spectrum Disorder, the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder could be broken down into Asperger’s disorder, autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified; The DSM-5 combined these diagnoses. Autism Spectrum Disorder belongs to a group of disorders known as pervasive developmental disorders.
People with Autism Spectrum disorder almost always are subjected to bullying. To me this cretes an injustice as people tend to look down on, tease and make fun of people with these disorders. An example is a story my Mom has shared many times about a girl in her program who was severly utistic but very smart. Other kids in my Mom's classroom would tease this girl because she made extra noises and had severe other issues like OCD, however she was the smartest kid in the class. Many other kids would laugh at her when making noises and flipping her hands around, and one kid complained so much that the girl was removed from the classroom and put in another classroom with other kids like her. This upset my Mom very bad, because she couldnt help
Tens of millions of people have been diagnosed with Autism worldwide, effecting both genders, all races, ethnicities and people from all socioeconomic classes. In 2010 a Surveillance Summary was conducted in the United States, where it identified that one in 68 children are diagnosed with Autism (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). It has been recognised