I began my employment with the New York City Department of Education in September of 2005. Through my experience and training as a Paraprofessional I have experienced many aspects of grammar school education. Most of my assignments through the years have been with an elementary school child diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyper Activity Disorder (ADHD). Through my training and experience I have learned that ADHD is a neurobehavioral development disorder and is a “persistent pattern inattention and/or hyperactivity—impulsivity that is more frequently displayed and more severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development,” as defined within: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The …show more content…
According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) genes play a large role and are probably the result of a combination of factors such as the environment, brain injuries, and nutrition of the individual that might contribute to ADHD. The symptoms of ADHD appear in children between the ages of three and six. Each child develops differently so it makes it hard for the disorder to be diagnosed in the beginning. Parents and teachers will detect different symptoms because they are caring for the child in completely different settings. While there is no single test that can diagnose a child having ADHD, licensed health professionals gather information about the child, his behavior, and environment. The child I work with was seen by a licensed professional outside of the school setting. In conjunction with the classroom teacher, forms had to be completed based on my observation of his behaviors, why they occurred, what stratagies were carried out to calm him down, and how long the episodes lasted. This type of recording was done over a period of time. After the licensed professional gathered all
ADHD is a very common neurodevelopment disorder of childhood. It is usually diagnosed in late childhood, around the age of seven by the teachers. The symptoms are typical during ages 3-6 and if not treated properly becomes chronic and persists even after entering adulthood. Children with ADHD may have trouble paying attention, staying organized and controlling impulsive behaviors. It is very difficult to diagnose and when undiagnosed the children can grow to be mislabeled as trouble makers in their adulthood.
Heredity is a big one, ADHD tends to run in the family through generations. Other causes of the disorder include chemical imbalances in the brain or changes to areas of the brain that control attention. It can also happen from poor nutrition, infections, smoking, drinking, and substance abuse during pregnancy which can affect baby’s brain development. Toxins such as lead may affect the child's brain development. A brain injury or brain disorder in the frontal lobe of the brain can also cause ADHD
The cause of ADHD is unknown. Many researchers think that ADHD is caused by genetics, brain injuries, sugar and environmental links (Hasan, S. (Ed.). Research have found that certain areas of the brain are about 5 to 10 percent smaller in size and activity in kids with ADHD (Hasan, S. (Ed.). Another study has suggested that children who are exposed to a lot of television and video games at a young age has been linked to ADHD (Hasan, S. (Ed.). Some other researcher have also linked that mothers who smoked or used alcohol doing
There is no actual cause for ADHD though it is linked to heredity and other neurological factors, for instance, pregnancy and birth complications. In addition, food intake is not the source of ADHD and removing specific food items only benefit some children (from the ages four to seven).
According to the research conducted by Dr. Laura A. King, the Frederick A. Middlebush Professor of Psychological Sciences at the University of Missouri, Columbia, “ADHD is one of the most commonly diagnosed neurobehavioral disorders of childhood, in which individuals show at least one of the following: impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention.”
Children with ASD sometimes present aggressive behavior, self-injurious behavior and tantrums that impede their ability to learn in an educational environment (home school). Sometimes medicine is used in an effort to calm the child to the point where they are able to learn in an educational environment. It is recommended that behavior therapy be considered as the first course of action. Doctors recommended Risperdal for Marginee` inability to relax. Risperdal is also used for treatment of irritability in children with ASD. For example, children that struggle with aggression, melt downs (tantrums) and self- injury. Though Marginee` did not take any other medications, there are other medication available to children with autism. For example, Zyprexa, which is used for treatment of aggression and serious behavioral, Prozac and Zoloft, are used for treatment in depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. All medicines have to be monitored due to various side effects.
Foster child, Annalisa Carrion, was replaced from the non-kinship therapeutic foster home of Carmen Arvelo and Miguel Quiles (Ms. Arvelo’s husband) on June 22nd, 2015. A report was received on June 26th, 2015 with the allegation of laceration, bruises, welts, and inadequate guardianship regarding Annalisa Carrion against Miguel Quiles.
Adhd doesn 't necessarily mean that your kid just has to be hyper , it gets deeper than that. As in ancestors, what foods you eat or drink, physical activity and more. With that being said a lot of children are being diagnosed simply because they are young and full of energy not because of adhd like behavior. There is many more behavioral problems that can be mistaken as adhd that your child could have. Adhd is confused as being the only cause of hyperactivity and distractibility. But what many people don 't know is that adhd can be caused by many other things such as sleep disorders, anxiety, and poor working memory skills. There is also some foods that have preservatives in them that can cause adhd as well.
First, people who suffer from ADHD are often “hyperactive, restless, impulsive, disorganized, distractible, and trouble concentrating” (Armen 77). Hence, ADHD patients have difficulty focusing on most tasks in school or works, and have trouble completing projects. Specifically, “35 percent never finishes high school, 52 percent of untreated teens and adults abuse drugs or alcohol” (Armen). The disorder was originally considered as a behavioral problem in children; however, today, it is also a serious problem in adults. The main cause of ADHD is still unclear, yet doctors believe that a child can inherit this disorder from their parents making genetics the most likely cause of ADHD. Daniel G. Amen, M.D., an award winning child and adult psychiatrist,and brain disorder specialist, claims
ADHD is caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain of a chemical called dopamine.
The brain is an electrical system that communicates with other subsystems within our brains to get the smallest to the most complex things done and our brains do this constantly. This system operates on low voltage electrical impulses that carry messages from one tiny neuron to another in fractions of a second, these neurons are not physically connected; there are gaps at each point of connection and to get messages from one neuron to another, an electrical message needs to jump the gap (Brown, 2013). So, essentially children with ADHD cannot release these chemicals or they don’t jump the gap fast enough to get transmitted properly. While these factors may make the child's symptoms increase in duration or they may get worse, they are not the root cause. There are multiple possible causes that scientists are constantly researching but it still remains that researchers do not know the cause of ADHD.
ADHD is an abbreviation for attention deficit/hyper activity disorder. It is commonly referred to as a psychiatric disorder in need of therapy. The origination of the disease is in the neuro-physiological brain construct, and the main cause of the disorder is considered to be genetic (Wilson, 2012). Many children with ADHD struggle with impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention (Unnever, Cullen, & Pratt, 2003). According to McNamara, Vervaeke, and Willoughby (2008), “attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is the most commonly diagnosed behavioral disorder among children and adolescents. It affects between 3% and 5% of school age children” (p. 38). In a
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic condition that affects millions of children and often continues into adulthood. ADHD includes a combination of persistent problems, such as difficulty sustaining attention, hyperactivity and impulsive behavior.
Scientists are studying causes and risk factors that might contribute to the development of ADHD in an attempt to better control and reduce the chances of a person having the disorder. Researchers who study the brain are coming closer to understanding what may cause ADHD. They believe that some people with ADHD don’t have enough of certain chemicals, called neurotransmitter, in the brain. These chemicals help the brain control behavior. However the exact or precise cause of the disorder remains unknown.
“Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition affecting children and adults that is characterized by problems with attention, impulsivity, and overactivity” (CHADD). “It is a neurobiological disorder that affect 3-7 percent of school age children and may be seen as before the age of 7. The current diagnostic label is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, however, in the past several other names have been used, such as brain-damaged, minimal brain dysfunction, hyperkinetic impulsive disorder, and attention deficit disorder (CHADD). ADHD is a controversial disorder. Some understand it to be a true disability, while others believe “good teaching and discipline at home resolve the problems” (Kauffman 2005).