Christ Blessing, Surrounded By A Donor Family

G. Schwiebert and Martin Luther: His Life and Work by Hartmann Grisar. In his review, he points out that Grisar “criticizes adversely many Catholic controversialists, and writes frankly of ecclesiastical abuses.” Like Grisar, Bainton is able to recognize the abuses of the Catholic doctrines. However, he is not offensive in his critique and therefore is able to keep the reader engaged in his premise. Bainton and Schwiebert are similar in their use of illustrations. In G. Evert Arden review of Schwiebert’s book he denotes, “One of the most interesting features of Schwiebert's volume is the liberal use of photographs, woodcuts, drawings, and maps scattered throughout the entire book.” Likewise, Schwiebert is praised by Sellery for his expertize on the Lutheran movement. In fact, Sellery states that Schwiebert “offers the reader the most comprehensive Protestant account of the Lutheran revolt in English.” While this may be an accurate assessment, Sellery also acknowledges that Bainton is “a productive scholar in his field.” Although not the most comprehensive work, Bainton’s efforts to provide a scholarly evaluation of Luther’s life is evident by his illustrations and extensive quoting of

Additionally, Davis’s monograph explores detailed information regarding the shift of many people at the time from Catholicism to Protestantism, which is extremely important to the

Paragraph 3 – Attack on the era of Reformations and Protestantism. Plate 4.7 “decay of taste”. Difference in Church styles.

The Extent to Which England was a Protestant Country by 1547 In this essay, I shall be exploring the extent of how Protestant a country England was by 1547. The differences between Protestantism and Catholicism form a solid base in order to understand the situation in 1547 and decide which religion became more popular. Traditional Catholic beliefs rested on seven Sacraments: Baptism, Penance and Reconciliation, Last rites, Holy Orders, Marriage and the Eucharist. They believed in ‘Justification by Good works’.

In (Document C) it presents a map of the religion in Europe in 1560 and shows that Catholic was the dominant religion. Since the exploration of the printing press, people were able to read the Bible for themselves and interpret it the way they wanted to. Martin Luther was a Catholic priest of the time and was not satisfied with the church. In (Document B) it informs that “On October 31, 1517 he posted 95 Theses’ or criticism’ on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg Germany. One of his goals was to stir up debate about indulgences.” Thanks to the printing press the 95 Theses were spread Germany and Europe. “Luther’s protest triggered a movement called the Protestant Reformation and led to the Lutheran religion.”(Document

13. ‘01 Discuss the political and social consequences of the Protestant Reformation in the first half of the sixteenth century.

By the 1530’s Protestantism grew through the work of Thomas Cranmer who was the archbishop of Canterbury. There were many religious changes when King Henry viii passed away in 1547.this gave way for radical modifications in relation to Christianity and the way in which it was

In “ The Power of the Word: Renaissance and Reformation,”Euan Cameron, a Henry Luce III Professor of Reformation Church History at Union Theological Seminary focuses on early modern Europe. Cameron argues that Renaissance scholars claimed to have looked to antiquity for their inspiration; however, by looking to only antiquity for value, scholars and critics have overemphasized the importance of antiquity while overlooking the importance of their own efforts in the formation of modern Europe. The Renaissance and Reformation are significant to European history as they helped shape modern Europe. Cameron

The intent of this paper is to evaluate the distinct character and quality of the expressions of the Protestant Reformation. This paper will discuss Lutheran Reformation, The Anabaptist, and The English Puritans as well as the Catholic Reformation also known as the Counter Reformation. It is the hope that after the reader has had the opportunity to view each of the characteristics and the expressions of each of the reformation the reader will have a better understanding of each and will be able to articulate the differences of each.

“We could keep on arguing for a hundred years and it wouldn’t get us anywhere! Until you can get rid of my verse I will not admit defeat.” (Documents on the Continental Reformation, p.97) When people are liberated with the power to think for themselves and own their own ideas, differences in opinion will occur. When we look at the Protestant Reformation we will see that key individuals such as Martin Luther and Ulrich Zwingli, even though they are protesting similar things, develop differences upon the way, especially in the way they interpret Scripture. These differences, in any movement, will ultimately affect the outcome and the development of the Protestant movement that started in 1517 with Luther. This essay aims to examine these differences between Luther and Zwingli and find out how the Protestant movement was affected by their differing opinions. Firstly, Luther and Zwingli’s reformations will be observed individually and what they each stood for and then we will discuss their major differences and the influence they had on the Protestant movement.

In the Romanesque era there was the duty of a scribe to write and decorate scripture such as the bible. Since the printing press had not yet been invented many monks worked tediously to produce scripture. One such monk was Eadwine Psalter also known as Eadwine the Scribe. In ca. 1160 - 1170 Edwin produced, Folio 283 verso of the Eadwine Psalter that was made with ink and tempura on vellum. Today the folio can be seen in Trinity College, Cambridge. I believe that the piece of artwork is a type portrait and signature of the artist. It depicts his confidence in his work with him hard art work in a richly decorated and seen.

Gonzalez, Justo L. The Story of Christianity, Volume I: The Early Church to the Dawn of the Reformation. Second Edi. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2010.

Religion in the Middle Ages takes on a character all of its own as it is lived out differently in the lives of medieval men and women spanning from ordinary laity to vehement devotees. Though it is difficult to identify what the average faith consists of in the Middle Ages, the life told of a radical devotee in The Book of Margery Kempe provides insight to the highly intense version of medieval paths of approaching Christ. Another medieval religious text, The Cloud of Unknowing, provides a record of approaching the same Christ. I will explore the consistencies and inconsistencies of both ways to approach Christ and religious fulfillment during the Middle Ages combined with the motivations to do so on the basis of both texts.

The Gutenberg Bible’s purpose was to spread the message of God that can view through the mass production of the Bible for the first time in history. Due to the moveable printer, the Bible were more accessible to a larger audience. According to Mark 16:15, “And He said to them, ‘Go into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature,” the spreading of God’s Gospel is a message told by God for his followers to perform. Therefore, Johannes Gutenberg’s actions in producing the Bible was a sacred act through the following of God’s message. By following God’s message, the object that is used, The Gutenberg Bible, is then a religious item used for the religious act. Because of the newly invented Bible, the common man had an opportunity to have a material presence of God that wasn’t available to them beforehand. For the common man, The Gutenberg Bible represented the divine, as the book was the words of God and to the common man, God himself. Furthermore, The Gutenberg Bible’s aesthetic qualities are seen through the font of the Bible that serve to augment the religious qualities of the message sent by God. Just as mentioned in class, decorated text or calligraphy, the artistic qualities of the text brings the viewer into the text and entices them into the continual reading of the text. In the case of The

The renaissance and the reformation were two of the most significant changes in history that has shaped our world today. Both of these great time periods are strikingly similar in some ways and totally different in others. This is because the renaissance was a change from religion to humanism whether it is in art or literature; it is where the individual began to matter. However, the reformation was,” in a nutshell,” a way to reform the church and even more so to form the way our society is today. The first half of this paper will view the drop in faith, the economic powers, and the artistic and literary changes during the renaissance, while the second half will view the progresses and changes the church makes during the reformation.