Explaining Hydrogen Cyanide

For decades, a substance known to cause burns, hospitalizations, and deaths has been found throughout the world. 3.41 million people die every year from issues related to this chemical, including over 200 children every hour. Approximately 80% of all diseases are either caused by the chemical or are somehow related to it. More substances dissolve into this substance than any other substance on earth, which is helpful for another usage of the chemical in nuclear power generators. Inhaling this substance causes suffocation, and eating too much of its solid form or drinking too much of its liquid form can cause intoxication and death. The name of this substance is Dihydrogen Monoxide, and despite its known dangers and prevalence across the United

Asphyxiates are the poisonous gases which include chlorine, phosgene, and diphosgene. Chlorine inflicts damage by forming hydrochloric acid when it comes in contact with moisture such as what is found in the lungs and eyes. It is lethal at a ratio of 1:5000 (gas/air), whereas phosgene is deadly at 1:10,000 (gas/air) - twice as toxic! Diphosgene, first used by the Germans at Verdun on 22 June, 1916, was deadlier still and could not be effectively filtered by standard issue gas masks.

Introduction. On 06 January 2005, a cargo train carrying a massive amount of chlorine spilled in Graniteville, South Carolina creating panic and indeed chaos to both citizens and emergency managers on how to properly respond to the hazardous materials released from the train wreckage. The people of the small rural town of Graniteville located just outside of Aiken, South Carolina, where caught in their sleep when Freight train 192 traveling approximately 47 mph struck other consignments spilling a dangerous amount of chlorine gas into the atmosphere. As a result of this disaster, 5,400 individuals were evacuated from their homes whiling causing nine death. The magnitude of such disaster was one that would change any town or city forever.

According to the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT), the average road in Utah sees 17,698 trucks every day (2014 Truck Traffic). That comes to over 6,459,700 trucks every year. Each one of these trucks only averages 5.5 and 6.5 miles per gallon (Tannert) and emits as much pollution as 150 cars (Big Trucks). Ask anyone that consistently drives on the roads in Utah and they will tell you that trucks are dangerous, scary, and the drivers only care about getting where they are going as quickly as possible, safety be damned. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), “in 2013, there were 3,964 people killed and an estimated 95,000 people injured in crashes involving large trucks. In the United States, an estimated

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) has risks as it is a corrosive compound. Corrosive compounds, including HCl, can cause injuries such as burning and eating away skin and eyes. To prevent such injuries, do not come into physical contact with HCl. Wear safety glasses, safety gloves and lab clothing.

Opponents of the use of the pipeline mode to transport fuel claim that it is responsible for numerous deaths that occur annually. The rate of increased accidents is attributable to the fact that as a mode of fuel transportation, minimal oversight, outdated pipes, and insufficient precautions subject

It does not matter what mode of transportation gets used, there will always be some level of risk when transporting crude oil. In this case the construction company is attempting to choose the most effective way to move the oil, but they are not listening to everyone’s concerns about the environmental impact. In order to invalidate the tribe’s concerns O’Sullivan wrote that “the Corps district office has already determined the project would not cause significant environmental harm.” It is hard to believe that if there was an oil spill that began a half mile away from the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe’s land that the damage done to their water supply would be insignificant. The original route for the pipeline crossed the Missouri River near Bismarck.

On June 10th, 1999 a gasoline pipeline ruptured in Whatcom Falls Park. This park is located in Bellingham, Washington where the pipeline was controlled by the Olympic Pipeline Company. This break in the gasoline pipeline let over a million liters of gasoline flow into a nearby river in the park. After about an hour and a half the gasoline in the river ignited and caught on fire. The fire burnt along the river for one and a half miles. As a result of the gasoline catching on fire, three people were killed with another eight people injured. It has been estimated that total damages to property reach as high as 45 million dollars. This pipeline explosion was a horrible disaster that could have been avoided for a variety of reasons.

David Morris, a writer specializing in transportation and logistics, gives various examples of past instances in which oil being carried by train has proved harmful to the environment and even fatal to many people involved in the accident. There are also numerous statistical pieces of research included, supporting the concept that railway transport is less safe than using an underground pipeline for the oil. In the Fortune article “Pipelines: The Worst Way to Move Oil, Except For All the Rest”, Morris Presents a short review of the recent events in relation to the Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) before suggesting another factor that could pose a threat to the area. The dangers of transporting the oil via railway are addressed, giving another perspective on how the situation could be made far worse for the Industries supporting the project and the environmentalists protesting against its

Mild toxicity has symptoms of lacrimation, eye pain, irritation of the mucus membrane, hoarseness, swelling of the skin, sneezing, and coughing. Severe toxicity’s symptoms include blindness, blistering, vomiting, nausea, and respiratory complications. Lung injury was the leading cause of death after the exposure of mustard gas. Lung injuries start with mild symptoms, and slowly increase into chemical pneumonia, and pulmonary edema. Within twenty-four hours of exposure to skin, victims are itchy and skin irritation, which lead to yellow filled blisters. Five to ten days after the exposure of large amounts of mustard gas, there is a drastic reduction in white blood cells. The decrease of white blood cells, affect the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue to look as if the person was exposed to radiation. The best treatment is decontamination.

There are many types of chemical agents that can be used for a variety of effects. Most are not meant to be lethal, but most chemicals at high concentrations can be lethal.

The environment is a very important thing to take care of and can be very fragile. In the recent years humanity hasn’t been doing much to take care of the earth, and instead is destroying it in the name of progress. One of the harmful things that could really impact the environment is the North Dakota Pipeline. Some facts about the pipeline is that it is owned by Energy Transfer Partners who are the owners of Sunoco. Sunoco has had multiple onshore pipeline leaks and disasters that have devastated many environments. The planned pipeline is going to be 1,134 miles long and will cut through North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa, and Illinois, by doing that it crosses fifty counties in total. Pipelines in general aren’t really the most reliable things

There are several different types of chemical weapons and they all have different effects on their victims. All the effects being extremely

Literature suggest that the essential management practices to follow when responding to an Oil Spill is to dispose of oil spill debris with the aim of

For the past three decades Oil dominates the agenda of political discussion. With scares over price volatility, sizes of reserves, international imports and least of which are the environmental impacts due to carbon dioxide and other emissions. Various speculations and educated guesses place our total depletion of crude oil within the next 50 years and there is a general consensus between environmentalists that we steer toward a hydrogen transportation system given the projected work and nonexistent carbon dioxide emissions (Environmental Technologies class lecture, Santa Clara University). However many barriers stand in the way of attaining such a goal, most of which pertaining