Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) And With Exposure Therapy

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) addresses dysfunctional emotions, maladaptive behaviors, and cognitive processes. This is an effective treatment for patients who are dealing with anxiety and depression. CBT refers to a group of psychotherapies that incorporate techniques from cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck are the two psychologists who came up with therapies. Beck developed the cognitive therapy (CT) that focuses on changing the client’s unrealistic maladaptive beliefs and thoughts in order to change the individual’s behavior and emotional state. To help CT is directive collaboration by help teach the client correct their distorted thinking and perception of self,

There are many adolescences that suffer from anxiety that interferes with them performing in the school setting, and often affects their behavior and grades. One of these anxiety disorders is social anxiety disorder, which is “characterized by significant discomfort and avoidance of social or performance situations” (Ryan & Warner, 2012, p. 105). Studies have found that “recent estimates indicate that 6% of children and 12.1% of adolescents meet criteria for this diagnosis” (Ryan & Warner, 2012, p. 105). Sara is a 13-year-old female suffering from anxiety symptoms. Sara attends middle school in Broward county and is a client in the COMPASS program at school. She has presented with symptoms of anxiety when in the school setting and in other social environments, resulting in her referral to the program for continuous skipping of classes and failing grades. Sara received individual counseling at school and now at the Boys & Girls club with the goal of reducing her social anxiety symptoms at school and in other social settings. The underlying question this researcher seeks to answer is what impact does Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) have on helping adolescents to decrease anxiety?

Social anxiety is “a fear of humiliation or of being judged by others, and an avoidance of social situations where attention centers on the individual” (Martis). According to the Social Anxiety Institute, social anxiety has become the third largest psychological disorder, following depression and alcoholism (Richards). Commonly, victims of this social phobia have problems pursuing social environments, interactions, and relationships (“Social Anxiety Disorder”). The failure to fulfill daily requirements in jobs, social settings, and relationships often leaves them feeling “powerless, alone, or even ashamed” (“Social Anxiety Disorder”). Today in America,“15 million [people] suffer[from] the disorder” (“Social Anxiety Disorder”). Of the 15 million American adults affected, women and men are equally prone to develop the phobia (“Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder)”). Currently, the prevalence rate for acquiring social anxiety disorder is “13-14% of all Americans” and continues to rise (Richards). As the number of people affected by social anxiety continues to rise, the understanding of social anxiety’s causes, effects, and treatments is crucial.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is ubiquitous and a proven approach to treatment for a host of diverse psychological difficulties (Wedding & Corsini, 2014). There are copious of acceptable created experiments that show to be highly useful in treating anxiety disorders through GAD Generalized Anxiety Disorder approach (Fawn & Spiegler, 2008). The purpose of this assignment is to expound on the client’s demography and demonstrating concern. The first procedure in this assignment will consist of the required informed consent and the client background information. Thus, a succinct discretion of the theoretical framework of CBT will describe the theoretic framework of CBT therapy expended in this assignment (Wedding & Corsini, 2014; Fawn & Spiegler, 2008). The next steps will adherent on how information regarding the clients past and present is problematic amalgamated to form an evaluation and to construct the client’s treatment. In the midst of assessment or the evaluation process and schema is implemented to create the sessions, examination, and provide feedback throughout each session.

Social anxiety is a prevalent and common disorder amongst society. Social anxiety disorder is expressed as a fear in public and social situations for an individual (Kashdan, Farmer, Adams, Mcknight, Ferssizidis, Nezelf 2013). A person with social anxiety fears that a social appearance, outcome, or situation will lead a to negative response to their surrounding audience (Kashdan, Farmer, Adams, Mcknight, Ferssizidis, Nezelf 2013). However there are numerous treatments for social anxiety. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the most efficacious treatments that a patient may receive (Hambrick, Weeks, Harb, & Heimberg, 2003. Cognitive behavioral therapy has numerous techniques that can be used on patients. The result of using cognitive

Social anxiety is more common in our society than we would like to believe. Most forms of anxiety are relatively normal and can sometimes be a good thing to have. “Normal anxiety” is relatively universal in the sense that everyone feels anxious or worried at one point in time. In fact it is those unpleasant feelings that can motivate a person to get something done and be productive. In this case, a college student who is experiencing stress or worry can focus all of that energy into their assignments so that the feelings never return. However, when anxiety begins to impede on our daily activities that is when this kind of social anxiety gets classified as a disorder. Someone who is

Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD can originate from many different things. According to Wasmer (2016) about 7.7 billion people suffer from PTSD. One of the most common contributors is war and combat situations. There is also rape, child abuse, car accidents, and other tragic events that can cause PTSD. That being said there are also several different ways to combat PTSD. The two most common methods are medication and exposure therapy. Though there are many other forms of therapy these two forms are recommended because of extensive research and positive test results.

Clinician will use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and exposure therapy to attempt and reduce her symptoms. Both modalities will help to change her cognition and fear of leaving her house and being among others. The primary problem of the client is her thoughts that prevent her from leaving the house or interacting with others. These problems are affecting her daily life, she is afraid to leave her house because “they are following me”. The goals are (1) identify trigger thoughts (2) challenge paranoid thoughts (3) replace paranoid thoughts with realistic thoughts. The main distorted cognitions are “they are out there watching me” and “I fear people will hurt me.”

People with PTSD also have to get a treatment called Exposure Therapy. The main goal of this exposure therapy is to lessen the fear of a person's memories of a traumatic event. The idea is used to help people who have to learn not to fear their thoughts and feelings that remind them of their past (“Treatment of PTSD”). A person that talks about their experience repeatedly with their therapist will give them the ability to control the thoughts and feelings about the trauma they have experienced. Being afraid of their memories won’t have any affect on them after they have been through this therapy (DeAngelis). It seems unusual to think about the stressful situations on purpose and this treatment seems like a hard task at first, but eventually

Social anxiety is the third largest physiological sickness in America, behind depression and Alcoholism. A website dedicated wholly to social anxiety claims that: “Social anxiety is the fear of being judged and evaluated negatively by other people, leading to feelings of inadequacy, inferiority, embarrassment, humiliation, and depression” (Social anxiety Institute). Social anxiety is common in our society currently. Many say it’s because of social media. The pressure of coming out of your own shell of strangers behind a screen and having to go out in the real world. Social anxiety is mostly shown at school, for adolescents, and the adolescent having to see other children all day, and almost every day. Having a social anxiety disorder can usually lead to having Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Having O.C.D, in some cases, means there is no control in life, and the diagnosed patient must keep

Social Phobia, also called social anxiety disorder (SAD), is one of the most common, but misconstrued mental health problems in society. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA), over 15 million adults suffer from the disorder. First appearing in the DSM-III as Social Phobia, and later in the DSM-IV as Social Anxiety Disorder, this newly established disorder denotes afflicting stress and anxiety associated with social situations (Zakri 677). According to James W. Jefferson, two forms of Social phobia exist: specific and generalized. Specific social phobia indicates anxiety limited to few performance situations, while generalized indicates anxiety in all social situations (Jefferson). Many people often interchangeably link this disorder to shyness––a personality trait. However, although they have striking similarities, the two are divergent. To begin with, SAD has an extensive etiology ranging from multiple factors. Furthermore, symptoms of various aspects accompany SAD. Moreover, SAD has detrimental impacts affecting quality of life. Lastly, SAD has numerous methods of treatment. Social Phobia is prevalent in both women and men beginning at the onset of puberty (ADAA).

This literature review is conducted to explore the social anxiety disorder, its Etiology, prevalence and finally putting focus on the need of a special treatment for adolescent with social anxiety disorder. Anxiety problems are the most common and widespread mental issues and are an area of interest for the medical as well as psychology researchers. These disorders are related to excess fear and anxiety and associated behavioural problems, where an

Over fifteen million people in the United States are diagnosed with social anxiety, and in today’s world the number of causes linked to social media is on the rise. Most of these cases are in individuals starting at thirteen, but the ages rage significantly. According to The American Association of Depression and Anxiety social anxiety can be defined as, “The extreme fear of being scrutinized and judged by others in social or performance situations.” This type of anxiety is closely linked with feeling of loneliness; and this loneliness only intensifies the feelings of anxiety and paranoia. Social paranoia stems from the fear rejection. These individuals are terrified they will humiliate or embarrass themselves, so they simply withdraw. This specificity type of anxiety interferes significantly with daily routines, occupational performance, or social life, making it difficult to complete school, interview and get a job, create true friendships and romantic relationships.

Social Anxiety Disorder or social phobia, is the third largest mental health care problem in the world. (Stein, 2010) National statistical surveys carried out in 2002 in the United Kingdom suggest that the prevalence rates for social phobias among young people in the UK were around 4%. (National Statistics, 2002)

Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) can be described as an extreme, persistent fear of being scrutinized or judged by others in social situations. This fear may lead to feelings of embarrassment, humiliation and self-consciousness. People who suffer from this condition may “feel powerless against their anxiety” (ADAA). These emotions often interfere with daily activities, such as school, work and personal relationships. The person might begin to withdraw socially or avoid situations in which he or she is afraid. Millions of Americans endure this devastating condition every day of their lives. There are several causes, symptoms and treatments.