Cognitive Ergonomics Report : Ladbroke Grove Rail Crash

occurred on Tuesday 2nd July 2015 where 16 people were hit by an empty carriage, with 4 people being seriously injured (Simpson and Barnes, 2015). Due to the incident at Alton Towers the

Incident Chronology. At approximately 2:39 AM Freight Train 192 traveling at a speed of 47 mph crashed into parked train P22 causing a dangerous amount of chlorine gas to be release into the atmosphere. Fortunately, the engineers on site at the time of the accidents were not harm from the crash. Nonetheless, the magnitude of the crash alerted local residents who immediately called 911 approximately one minute after the crash. Some of the 911 calls received by the Aiken police department recorded a concerned resident saying “bleach gas smell and smoke on the ground” (A.E. Dunning, J Oswalt, 2005, pg. 130). Upon receiving several calls, the town’s emergency departments were on route minutes after being notified. However, when the fire chief heard

One day, Charlie was crossing a railway line in a half ton pick up when he was hit by a

The accident was caused by a severe storm and several lightning struck derailed the train.

A calculation of National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, NHTSA, states, “a motorist is almost 20 times more likely to die in a crash involving another motor vehicle” than a train (Operation Lifesaver, Inc.). In 2016, there were 2,025 vehicle to vehicle collisions resulting in 265 fatalities and 798 injuries (Operation Lifesaver, Inc.). By reporting on fatal crashes, the media unintentionally degrades the public's opinion of train safety. The trains are blamed for train versus vehicle crashes, however it is generally the vehicle at fault. Surprisingly enough, the fatality rate for trains is much higher than planes.

Method Summary (important info only) - Students (150) were shown a video of a multiple-car accident due to one car not stopping at a stop sign and making a right turn into the main traffic. The video is less than one minute long and the multiple-car accident happens in a period of four seconds. Afterwards, the students are given a ten item questionnaire with a diagram labeling the scene. Questions asked are either about how fast the car was going when it ran the stop sign or when it turned right. Seventy-five received the stop sign question and seventy-five received the turned right question, the last question was neutral.

Creating a technological angel on your right shoulder without building a vulnerable devil on your left ( Mangu-Ward). An argument arose between the two debates about whether technology can replace human intelligence to cut driving accidents, which itself seems as distractions responsible for them. The idea about technology responsible for distracted driving remains as a topic of debate between people from different viewpoints.

The four co-ordinated attacks hit the transport system at the morning rush hour. The first three bombs went off around 8.50am on the underground trains just outside Liverpool Street and Edgware Road stations, and on another travelling between King 's Cross and Russell Square. The final explosion was approximately an hour later on a double-decker bus in Tavistock Square (BBC News, 2005).

This field of study caught our attention as we believe there are many on-road accidents which result from mainly visual and other sorts of distractions such as audio. Distractions are said to be a fundamental factor which contributes to a slower pre-motor time in traffic conditions(Holahan, Culler et al. 1978). Similar studies have been done in this field(Triggs and Harris 1982, Consiglio, Driscoll et al. 2003), However they mainly focus on a broad spectrum of distractions and don’t go into specific details of each type of distraction. Knowing this, we want to examine systematically the effects of visual environmental distractions on reaction times of individuals.

Reason(1997) described accident causations in a macro-system manner, arguing that contextual top-down elements setup humans to make errors. These can be ascribed as a conjunction of active and latent errors within the work system. Active failures

Another factor which can explain the accident of 1988 is the influence of disrupted habitual tasks (Dismukes, 2012). One of the main steps in preparing an aircraft for flight is to make sure the wing flaps are in the take-off position; this is then checked off with a checklist and cross-checked again by both of the pilots (Dismukes, 2012). However, if something were to disrupt this sequence, the individuals may have to make changes to their routine, which by now would become a habit to them, which may mean they have to take certain steps in a different order. There have been situations where some pilots have forgotten that they haven’t completed the checklist yet, Dismukes (2012) suggested that it is likely that when an action is performed out of its typical sequence, it removes all relevant cues, like environmental cues, which aid the retrieval of that action. For example, if the pilots frequently reset the wing flaps near the start of the runway, if they have to change their sequence and do it at the end of the runway the usual visual cues are no longer available to them. We can conclude from this that when individuals are performing the sequential steps of specific procedures in their workplace, when their sequence is

There are many things we need to worry about while driving, but train safety is very important of all of these things. While cars stop relatively quickly, trains cannot. Trains take an extremely long time to stop while cars can come to a halt in a much shorter distance. Trains are very limited to the choices it can make. Not only are trains constrained to a set track, but the trains’ decisions have to be made miles in advance. There are no sudden stops for trains, unlike cars and pedestrians. The trains also cannot swerve to miss pedestrians like a car can. According to statistics collected by SafeNY, “A 150-car freight train traveling 50 miles per hour takes 1.5 miles (or 8000 feet) to stop. An 8-car passenger train traveling 79 miles per

Did you know 19% more fatal crashes are most likely to happen on Saturday. Car accidents are the deadliest as well as the most common type of personal injury. These crashes can result in serious physical harm which in turn can significantly impact your life. This research start with the injuries sustain of the upper body endures in a car crash, and what are the theories behind both biology and physics.

The cause of an accident is mainly based on the human error by the skilled driver's overconfidence.

The South Australian television advertisement Don’t Play with Trains and Melbourne Metro’s viral advertisement Dumb Ways to Die, although quite different, are both successful advertisements for trail safety. The television advertisement Don’t Play with Trains was produced to remind the public that trains might still cross roads unexpectedly because “train schedules can change” it also warns drivers to “watch the signs and never enter a crossing unless you are absolutely sure that your exit is clear” and to “never assume that there is no train coming.” This important message is relayed through the use of a friendly but serious voice over as well as powerful visual effects. Images of people and their cars disappearing when they collide with trains creates an eerie effect, more so than seeing a graphic crash because the audiences can tell the car is going to be hit, and by wiping them from existence, it gives it a greater impact. The viral advertisement Dumb Ways to Die, in contrast, explores a cute song with lyrics describing reckless and stupid ways one can kill themselves such as “Set fire to you hair” and