The Four Empires of Mesopotamia
In the distance across the land was four civilizations. These civilizations were known as the Akkadians, the Babylonians, the Assyrians and finally the Neo-Babylonians. All of the civilizations that lived in mesopotamia rose and fell like the sun.
First, I will be talking about the Akkadians. For 1,200 years, Sumer was a land of independent city-states until in 2300 B.C.E. the akkadians came to conquer them. The akkadians came from northern mesopotamia under rule of the first leader sargon. Sargon was both a strong king and skilled general. He made this empire through effective military strategies. First he had to get a large army. Next he had to teach them to fight in tight formations. This formation was called the turtle. There was shields in the front. Behind the shields were spears. These guys would extend the spear in between the shields. In the back they had archers. Sargon used his military to win territory for his empire. After he defeated the king of the city state urak, Sargon had gained
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Hammurabi had taken over this empire named the assyrians the had briefly established their own empire intell Hammurabi had conquered them. They started to rise to power again toward 900 B.C.E., when the assyrians began preparing for war with a newly trained army. The Assyrians began to expand their territory. The assyrians were feared for there might and cruelty. They had many achievements. There greatest achievement was there strategies with their weapons horses. They were also very skilled at siege warfare. Siege is a army of soldiers that camp outside a city and repeatedly attack until the city falls and dies. They were also the first ones to use the battering rams and to build the moveable towers. The Assyrians spreaded their cruelty far and wide, creating fear among their enemies which was part of their military
Sumerian kings where military leaders. They would have to protect their people yet control the military. The kings would set up the military as well as making sure the military was strong enough in battle. ancient Mesopotamians believed that taking over other lands was a mission and it wasn’t easy or granted to them. The kings where to have made sure each warrior had their own set of armor and weapons when a battle would happen. Winning a war in the Sumerian society looked very good on the king because they would get more land.
The Assyrians were very successful as empire-builders. Although the Sea People destroyed their domain a couple of times, the Assyrians still managed to revive creating the “Neo-Assyrian Empire,” in which their realm expanded especially in the Middle East and took control over Egypt. During the Neo-Assyrian Empire, the Assyrians were able to master the skill at using chariots and the proficiency of iron smelting. They developed iron weapons and the first true cavalry force that gave them a huge advantage over their neighbors who still used copper and tin weapons. Consequently, the Assyrians became an unrivaled power over the ancient Near East and began exploring artworks and ways they could adorn their cities. The Assyrians were also famous for building great roads that allowed them to move quickly from place to place. Likewise, they built amazing cities with fortified walls, canals,
The Assyrians were able to conquer so much land because they were superior in tactics
At its height, the ancient Assyrian Empire stretched from the north in the upper Tigris river valley, south to the northern tip of the Persian Gulf including Babylon, along the Mediterranean Sea from Tarsus to Jerusalem and all the way down into Egypt to the city of Thebes. This vast empire took several thousand years to build. Early settlements can be traced back to the northern city of Nineveh around 5000 B.C.
These empires had a strong military, because of they claimed many new land and expanded their empires. The Romans conquered many lands by the way they lined up their men by putting the new soldiers in the front of the veterans. It was setup like this so the inexperienced soldiers could not run away from the battle. The Persians became had a strong
During the 7th century the Assyrians built a superpower reinforced by their military, political, sociological, and artistic ideologies. The Army consisted of a 100,000-strong active force who trained different divisions to perform certain tactics during wartime. Similar to modern day warfare, some of the personnel wore armor, some were trained for the cavalry, some were foot soldiers, while others were trained to construct equipment used to siege city walls (WeaponsandWarfare.) With each civilization that the Assyrians conquered, they learned and developed new techniques. The Assyrian combined the use of chariots with horses, developed roads, placed forts for security and storage for food along the way. Their logistic strategy allowed for a
In a land far, far away the people of sumer were happy until one day the Akkadians came, and war started. The akkadians were known for, under the rule of sargon, conquering all of mesopotamia, after conquering mesopotamia they had to keep control over the empire.
Ancient Empires such as Gupta, Rome, Maya, and Rome were some important empires.They all have Pros/Cons in their Empire. No empire was perfect, each empire had its own ups and downs. The Romans had a strong military that gained lots of new land compared to the Mayans who did not have a strong military because their military did not help gain lots of land and didn’t really defend their land well like the Romans did. Rome had better beliefs and religion such as Roman mythology which had stronger beliefs compared to hinduism in Gupta. Even though, Maya enjoyed good trade such as animal skin, and jade, Romans still had better architecture which was more helpful. Rome has better characteristics compared to the other empires which makes it the most successful.
Assyria’s humble beginnings originated in a small trading community in the city of Ashur, in modern day Iraq. Nestled on the banks of the Tigris River with access to merchants, trade, and agricultural stability Ashur was named and supposedly founded by Noah’s son after the Great Flood. It was here that Assyria started its branching of power and influence to spread its conquests as far south as Egypt and as far east as Asia Minor. The Assyrian Army, along with its numerous rulers became the greatest empire in the world at the time. Before the Greek and Roman Empires dominated the region, Assyrians were the most ruthless and feared people with their skilled war tactics. Known as the “world’s first army”, the Assyrian
The Gupta ruled the largest and most prosperous empire in India, but in the first centuries CE it was not the most powerful in the world. To the west, Rome ruled the area around the Mediterranean Sea, and to the east, the Han Dynasty controlled China. The stability that the Roman, Han, and Gupta Empires brought to Asia spurred trade on the Silk Roads. This greatly benefited all three empires and the areas in between. Wealth and ideas passed along the trade network providing the money and ideas necessary for Golden Ages.
The ability of the Babylonians as well as the Egyptians to conquer an0d maintain their empires was due to a combination of factors. The economic, cultural, as well as religious organization of the two ancient empires, played a significant role in their development. The cultural beliefs and religious practices made people live harmoniously. Notably, the two empires had different beliefs that were, their practices. However, mundane they may seem, and all contributed to the building of their empire. Moreover, the people paid allegiance to their leaders thus the leaders acted as their symbols of unity. Trade was second to agriculture in the economic importance of both empires. Ultimately, the Egyptians and Babylonians won the reputation for having
Both great empires made difficult choices while construicting their armies and they differ from Ottoman Empire and the British Empire . The first Ottoman army had been composed entirely of Turkmen nomads, Aarmed with bows and arrows and spears. These nomadic cavalrymen had lived mostly on booty. Moreover, Ottomans form of fief called a Timer that was the basis of Ottoman military and administrative organization, but in the 15th century Ottomans found it difficult to maintain order with such an army because the nomads still preferred to be themselves by looting in the lands of under their command. Hired mercenaries paid by salary rather than booty replaced the nomads, those mercenaries organized as infantry were called yayas and formed the base
Imperial Rome and the Mauryan/Gupta empires both induced before the common era and stretched their empires into the common era. At the same time period, Alexander the Great led his army into the Indus River Valley in 327 B.C.E. Then, the rise of the first great empire of ancient India arose, the Mauryan empire. The Mauryan Empire and the Imperial Roman Empire had numerous amounts of differences, the Mauryan Empire was led by one emperor and Rome was based on a ladder to political power in the Roman senate and a emperor, also the structure of government contrasted in many ways. However, both of the empires were heavily influenced by religion.
How are religion and culture connected? Religion and culture are super important in any society and have major influences on one another. Religions have a huge impact on all cultures and even societies. It is basically an “outline” of how we should behave in a society and culture. These “guidelines” are how you should be living your day to day lives. The Maurya and Gupta empire, at one time had a very honored leader, Asoka. Have you ever even thought about how much Asoka actually did for the Indian empire? He grew and united his empire through pacifism. The empire stopped their expansion, Mauryan people were very strong, but stopped conquering others for area. They focused on staying peaceful and uniting together.
Long, long ago once was a army called the akkadians under rule of sargon was well under control and conquered all of mesopotamia.