Poetry and Architecture Throughout WWI and WWII
Introduction
The art of poetry is comparable to architecture, in that each of these artistic expressions require space and structure. Both are also used as mediums to communicate feelings, thoughts, and ideas. Poetry acts as a shadow of a building, revealing the aftermath of architecture and its effect on the surrounding culture. This essay will argue that the built environment has the power to either hinder or uplift masses of people, and that these resounding effects on said culture can be determined through the vessel of poetry. This requires subjective interpretations of literature within their contexts, and could be misunderstood, and while architecture and poetry are not always necessarily related to each other, they can be influenced by one another. Now, we will examine literature pieces produced after architectural works of World War One and World War Two.
World War One (1914-1918)
During the Zionist movement of WWI, a national movement of the Jewish people that supports establishment of Jewish homeland in Israel, architect Richard Kauffmann (1887-1958) took his experience of the Garden City in Germany into Palestine. After being hired by the Jewish Agency, a non-profit organization best known for fostering the immigration and absorption of Jews and their families from the Jewish diaspora into Israel, Kauffmann provided 160 different rural settlements for Jewish settlers in-need of housing. The first built
Literature and poetry are a reflection of society. The words are reflected in numerous feelings that we can almost touch and can be deeply felt in its reach. Most poets expressed their perception and emotion through their writings. Unfortunately the art and poetry describes one of the worst things that human can do to one another. The legalized murder called "war." Hence, this type of self-reflection called "poetry" has help create new fundamental ideas and values towards our society. In this essay, I will discuss the issue of the "War Poetry" during the "Great War" along with comparing and contrasting two talented renowned poets; Wilfred Owen (1893-1918) and Siegfried Sassoon (1886-1967).
With Constructing the Good Life, we’ve looked the ways in which architecture and specific places in the environments we inhabit are defined by a sense of cultural and personal connection or significance, beyond the physical conditions or even basic function of the space. This week’s readings, “Subconscious Landscapes of the Heart” by Randy Hester and “Replacement” by W.G. Clark in particular, help to show the ways that meaningful spaces are often designed and constructed by the people who use them, and the deeper connections to the land that may develop.
As I walked through the rugged trenches of World War 1 a bullet flew over my head.I jumped for shelter.As soon as that happened a cluster of German soilders came sprinting towards my position.They were trying to infiltrate my trench.Then I woke up it was a flashback in my memory.This was one of many daily flashbacks.Lately they had been occurring more often than before.The doctor came to me accost he said there was only one unequivocal cure...going back.I had pondered about it a lot and I have now become more submissive to the theory.It was still an agitation to me.I went down to my basement to the lopsided time machine I had erected many years ago.
Zionism further progressed in the 1910s where we see that already 90,000 Jews were re colonising Palestine. Many of with were live and being support by Zionist philanthropist Baron Edmond James de Rothschild. Edmond Rothschild was head of the Palestine Jewish Colonization Association, which was the first Jewish colony in Palestine, with 125,000 acres. Also during the 1910,s Chaim Weizmann, President of the World Zionist Organisation, and future President of Israel was gaining favour in obtaining The Balfour Declaration. The Balfour Declaration stated the support of Jews settling in Palestine.
but says that in that case it is better that there will only be a
Leon Krier was criticised for publishing a costly monograph on Albert Speer’s architecture (1985)in which, while acknowledging the crimes of the Nazis and the man, Krier nonetheless claimed the book’s only subject and sole justification was “Classical architecture and the passion of building” (cited by Jaskot, ‘Architecture of Oppression’, 2000). Discuss this claim, the controversy and the issues (historical, philosophical and ethical and possibly others) they raise. Can architecture, Classical, Modern or otherwise, be autonomous from politics and valued independently of the circumstances of politics and history that adhere to it?
even made aware of the fact and the true horror of the war. During the
At the outbreak of the First World War, the English nation as a whole was in high spirits: the men rushed to sign up and fight for 'Old England'; their wives and girlfriends cheered them onthe nation marched into the war with enthusiastic patriotism. The Georgian poets, who had been producing a large quantity of poetry that would now be considered worthless, eyed a chance to increase their popularity (and sales), catch the spirit of the nation and evoke patriotism (which could sometimes border on nationalism). They felt that you should be willing to die for your country: they wrote poetry that actually glorified the idea of war. It was exactly what the majority of the public in Britain wanted to read, and volumes of patriotic poetry
Rachel Whiteread's “House” from 1993 forces us as the audience to focuses on the feeling and memories of the inside space of a house that we normally forget about, such as the memories or lives that evolves inside them. By using a concrete cast Whiteread is able to creates a solid feeling to this almost abstract space. And by placing this large concrete sculpture in the middle of the redeveloping neighborhood where the house and many others like it once stood automatically creates a connection from this sculpture to lives of the people who once lived inside of it. To analyze this further, this composition makes us remember not just the negative space that’s easily forgotten, but of the poorer neighborhoods similar to the neighborhood where
The poetry of the World War One era reflects the pain and suffering endured by soldiers, as well as the disillusionment of war. Some of the era's most prolific soldier-poets addressed war frankly and with graphic imagery. For example, Wilfred Owen's "Dulce et Decorum Est" starts with the lines, "Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge," The prevailing poetic trends were not to shy away from vivid detail but rather, to paint pictures for posterity. Owen, for instance, describes disturbing, gory death from gas inhalation: the "froth-corrupted lungs" and the "vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues," ("Dulce et Decorum Est"). Metaphors and similes were used not to soften the blows of death and devastation but to highlight the impact that war trauma has on individual psyches, communities, and cultural identities.
Seeking prime real estate in the heart of Midtown Manhattan? Various retailers and businesses are, and for them, 292 Madison Avenue could be the perfect spot. The building’s renovated facade, which is nearing completion, has managed to catch their attention for its great location and updated design.
It is evident from looking at World War One (WW1) literature from the beginning, end and after the war that WW1 literature isn’t resolutely anti-war. However, the impression modern readers get from the most memorable pieces of WW1 literature is that of anti-war messages and graphic descriptions of the conditions the soldiers were in.
Using the quote by Habermas as a starting point, select up to two buildings designed in the twentieth century and examine what ‘sudden, shocking encounters’ they have encountered, or created. Analyse the building’s meanings as a demonstration of an avant-garde, or potentially arriere-garde, position.
This book was written by Juhani Pallasmaa with regard to ‘Polemics’, on issues that were part of the architecture discourse of the time, i.e. 1995. It is also an extending of ideas expressed in an essay entitled “Architecture of the seven senses” published in 1994.
Q. In an essay of not more than 1,500 words compare and contrast ONE PAIR of the two pairs of poems printed below. Your answer should exhibiy a clear understanding of each poem’s meaning and tone, and you should consider the effect and importance of formal features, such as rhyme scheme, sound patterning, word choice, figurative language and punctuation.