When comparing writers like Louise Edrich, Zitkala-Ša, and Langston Hughes, the reader finds themselves in three different environments but with the same need of survival. These texts stood out because they all have that basic need, but are individualized in various ways. They are the stories, "The School Days of an Indian Girl" by Zitkala-Ša, "Brass Spittoons" by Langston Hughes, and Tracks by Louise Edrich. The theme that emerged was survival, whether that would be a young student moving to another world to attend a school that is brand new to her, a hardworking man shining spittoons to make a meager living or a poor family relying on the government and hunting for food while keeping the land they worked so hard for.
The theme of survival that Erdrich's novel uses are a group of families struggling to keep
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Her survival is shown as a change from an environment of her own people of American Indians to being around what she described as palefaces, who were the missionaries at the school. It was a struggle to keep the freedom she worked so hard for and keep her true self of identity, "And though my spirit tore itself in struggling for its lost freedom, all was useless" (Zitkala-Ša, p. 417). She attempted to continue to keep her heritage alive and true, until she could not any longer while attending school. She mentions being unhappy in the first part of the story even though she felt she should have been happy being in a brand new environment, "I had arrived in the wonderful land of rosy skies, but I was not happy, as I thought I should be" (Zitkala-Ša, p. 417). She was not happy at the school and the staff forced her to assimilate into someone, like her other classmates, that they wanted her to be. When she returned home, she felt as though she lived her life among strangers because she was not the same person who had left home so many years
She was darker than her siblings. Her brother and her sister were able to pass as whites to escape to a better life. Always, however, endured the misery of slavery. Always uses Kujichagulia ( self determination) to get out of slavery. She continued to strive to make a living.
She believes that because we are forced into this land, we are doomed to have a life which not happy. She also explains to her family in the play that all their problems will be solved if they go back to their country of origin and find out who they are there.
Langston Hughes is one the most renowned and respected authors of twentieth century America not simply one of the most respected African-American authors, though he is certainly this as well, but one of the most respected authors of the period overall. A large part of the respect and admiration that the man and his work have garnered is due to the richness an complexity of Hughes' writing, both his poetry and his prose and even his non-fictions. In almost all of his texts, Hughes manages at once to develop and explore the many intricacies and interactions of the human condition and specifically of the experience growing up and living as a black individual in a white-dominated and explicitly anti-Black society while at the same time, while at the same time rendering his human characters and their emotions in a simple, straightforward, and immensely accessible fashion. Reading the complexity behind the surface simplicity of his works is at once enjoyable and edifying.
Once Zitkala-Sa begins her transformation at the missionary, she notices the whitewashing of many Indian girls, “a line of girls who were marching into the dining room. These girls wore sleeved aprons and shingled hair” (p. 1134). This shows the atmosphere of the school. The description of the girls, was the first instance when Zitkala-Sa experienced culture shock. Zitkala-Sa has never seen something so inappropriate, “I looked at the girls, who seemed not to care that they were even more immodestly dressed than I, in their tightly fitting clothes” (p.1135). This also proves that the missionary was ignorant to understand that it takes time to adjust the children into a culture that they are not familiar with. White missionary used unhuman techniques in order to force an entire civilization into a more ideal one. The significance of the “Shingled hair” plays a huge part in “The Impressions of an Indian Childhood” because it indicates bravery, and honor within Zitkala-Sa’s tribe. When Zitkala-Sa is forced into getting her hair cut, was the final indication of loss of identity. The removal of her
Freedoms taken away from her in the hope for education and opportunities. Is it worth it? Is it worth it to give up freedoms, maybe a little bit of ourselves? Do we endure these difficulties now to then better ourselves in the future? I’m sure that’s something Zitkala-Sa thought about. She wanted to be educated like the “paleface” Maybe she thought to be like the “paleface” was to be American. For Zitkala-Sa the ending is a bitter-sweet moment. “There were two prizes given, that night, and one of them was mine! The little taste of victory did not satisfy a hunger in my heart. In my mind I saw my mother far away on the Western plains, and she was holding a charge against me.”
Racism had tainted her life from the very beginning. During her childhood she attended a one-room school for blacks only. She was only allowed to attend school for a short time due to the ailing health of
All three of the poems discussed in this essay relate to the struggles suffered by African Americans in the late 18th century to the early 19th century in many different ways. They had to live under harsh
Langston Hughes’ dedication to depicting the bona fide aspects of black life leads him to discuss struggle. One of the most omnipresent themes in black life, at the time of Hughes, is the constant struggle they face every
Langston Hughes was one of the great writers of his time. He was named the “most renowned African American poet of the 20th century” (McLaren). Through his writing he made many contributions to following generations by writing about African American issues in creative ways including the use of blues and jazz. Langston Hughes captured the scene of Harlem life in the early 20th century significantly influencing American Literature. He once explained that his writing was an attempt to “explain and illuminate the Negro condition in America” (Daniel 760). To fulfill this task, he wrote 15 volumes of poetry, six novels, three books, 11 plays, and a variety of non-fiction work (Daniel 760). He also edited over 50 books in his time (McKay).
The role of African American literature in recent years has been to illuminate for the modern world the sophistication and beauty inherent in their culture as well as the constant struggle they experience in the oppressive American system. When writers such as Langston Hughes, W.E.B. DuBois and Alice Walker present their material, they manage to convey to a future world the great depth of feeling and meaning their particular culture retained as compared with the culture of their white counterparts. Without this attempt at preservation, much of the richness of this community might have been lost or forgotten. At the same time, they illuminated some of the problems inherent within their society, including lack of education, lack of
Zitkala-Sa’s autobiography informs her readers of the damaging and traumatizing effects of assimilation by utilizing her life experiences as a narrative, demonstrating how living under an oppressive and dominant culture was an internal struggle between society's expectations and her own cultural identity. Sa’s experience is especially unique considering her mixed heritage as well.
When her father passed away she had nobody to tell her what to do and how to act. This was very devastating and she had a hard time dealing with change. So much so that she wouldn't let the police take the body of her father out of the house for three days after his death. The only thing that was constant in her house was the slave
on the atmosphere in which she was living. The scholarship being taken away from her,
Langston Hughes clearly connects with a wide range of audiences through the simplicity that surrounds his poetry. The beauty of this manner in which he wrote his poetry, is that it grasp people by illustrating his narratives of the common lifestyles experienced by the current American generation. His art form expresses certain questionable ideologies of life and exposes to the audience what it takes to fully comprehend what being an American truly means. Each individual poem describes and illustrates the strength and hardships the African American community was experiencing. Through his literature art form of poetry, Hughes was able to convey the common assertions of
The first piece of poetry is “Theme for English B” written by Langston Hughes. When given this poetry in class it didn’t really sink it but the more I read it, the more I understood. It’s about understanding and learning from differences between races. He writes, “As I learn from you, I guess you learn from me,” Being the only colored person in a class full of whites, he was singled out. Even though the instructor and him were different in their skin tones, their mindsets are the same. They are the same. I wrote a revision of the poem; I wrote in my own life story. I started off just filling in the blanks, but the more I understood what the poem meant, I wrote in more of my story and the things that affect me. When I finished and compared the two, there were many differences. I realized my hardships are nothing compared to his and other colored people. We as Americans, as humans tend to put ourselves first. I see things happen and automatically think it’s awful, but it’s not. I’ve never been singled out, made fun of, mocked, beaten up, questioned, or even killed because of the color of my skin. Reading both Langston Hughes and my revision of his “Theme for English B,” I can’t help but reassess my problems. I didn’t and will never endure the things he as well as many African Americans have to endure.