In this writing I will be comparing two Greek tragedies. The tragedies are “Medea (431 BCE)” and “Hecuba (420 BCE)” by Euripides. Although at the time of these writing women did not have the same rights as men, both writings justify acts of revenge by Medea and Hecuba. The only way Medea and Hecuba will feel satisfied is to punish those who have done them wrong. Euripides details in his writing how both women cleverly present their disparity to convince people that seeking revenge is a just mean for punishment. Medea and Hecuba’s eye for an eye reasoning is a form of retaliation for personal gratification. I will explore the similarities, differences, and significance in the ways Medea and Hecuba seek revenge. Therefore, Medea and Hecuba …show more content…
She explains to Agamemnon that she has suffered enough sorrow with the deaths of her children and gains his sympathy. Also she explains how Polymestor has committed the ultimate betrayal of being a host and killing his house guest Polydorus. Hecuba states, “This is the most foul murder. This man often sat at our table, toasting us with with Priam’s best wine. He was one of our closest friends”(1040-1050) Agamemnon summons Polymestor to come visit Hecuba. Once Polymestor arrives Hecuba convinces him to enter her tent with his sons. Euripides writes, “Hecuba: There are also my jewels. I smuggled our best Heirlooms out of Troy. May I give them to you for safekeeping?” (Euripides 1370-1380). Hecuba blinds Polymestor and kills his two sons. Likewise, both women used their scheming ways to get what they wanted from Jason, Agamemnon, and Polymestor. Medea and Hecuba acted like their intentions are good to get what they wanted. Medea tells Jason good things about how their sons meeting Glauce and giving her jewels will help break the ice. Medea says, “Now, children, go into that rich house and supplicate your father’s new wife, my mistress begging her that you may not be exiled, and give her these adornments” (969-971) Medea convinces Jason to try to spare their sons from being banished from Corinth by letting Glauce met their sons. This meeting ultimately kills Glauce and King Creon. Like Medea, Hecuba convinces Polymestor to enter her tent on good intentions, however
Once he began manipulating Medea, this made him realize, that he can manipulate anyone he chooses to. After he had captured the Golden Fleece, he abandoned Medea and married the princess of Corinth hoping to stable his wealth and gain more power. He, in turn, manipulated the royal family only to have the consistent power he needed and desired. This had then begun to escalate. Jason is now displaying a pattern of his manipulation. As Jason begins to free himself from his “evil” ex-wife, Jason manipulates the past into a lie and much bigger problem from his side of the story. His dishonesty makes his side of the story more believable and by doing so, his manipulation skills had become more deceivable. Jason is in denial of the many things Medea had done for him and when he told his story, he used omission in order to deceive his listeners. Jason then says, “Dark threats cast out against the majesties/ of Corinth, count as veriest gain thy path of exile.” (27). He then blames Medea and having Creon ban her from Corinth.
More importantly, she seems to be able to identify the flaws that lead her astray. The first mistake Medea traces her current predicament back to is her vulnerability to be manipulated when thinking with her emotions instead of her better sense. On first falling in love with Jason, she recalls "I was ensnared, girl that I was, by your/words" (86), words tapping into her emotions. This of course inspired the all the more magnanimous goof of replacing her family with her husband who as the queen describes "alone...took the place of/ all!" (164-165). For the Queen of Colchis, bad decisions have been her major shortcoming, a fact that she both realizes and takes responsibility for. Thus acknowledgment is the first step towards her redemption. Evidence for this can be seen through her pathological appeals to Jason which illustrate how the Queen has used her emotional mind-set as a strength instead of a weakness. Medea "betrayed [her] sire" (109), "lost [her] throne" (163), and killed her own brother for Jason. She reminds him that, in addition to all the sacrifices she made for him, her devotion has not faltered when she says, "At your bidding I have withdraw from/ your palace...and --/ what follows me evermore -- my love for you" (140-143). After winning Jason's sympathy, the humble woman concludes "by my favours to you...restore me to the bed
The mistreatment that both receive from Jason and Agamemnon despite all that they do for them contributes heavily to their vengeful actions as well. Medea used her magical powers, defied her father, and killed her brother to devote herself to Jason, is still treated coldly and is neglected by Jason, who abandons her and their two sons and leaves her for Creon’s daughter. She realizes that “to annihilate the past is not possible: but its fruit in the present” can be used at her disposal to fulfill vengeance (Medea 1.364-5). She decides to channel the woe she
In Medea, a play by Euripides, Jason possesses many traits that lead to his downfall. After Medea assists Jason in his quest to get the Golden Fleece, killing her brother and disgracing her father and her native land in the process, Jason finds a new bride despite swearing an oath of fidelity to Medea. Medea is devastated when she finds out that Jason left her for another woman after two children and now wants to banish her. Medea plots revenge on Jason after he gives her one day to leave. Medea later acts peculiarly as a subservient woman to Jason who is oblivious to the evil that will be unleashed and lets the children remain in Corinth. The children later deliver a poisoned gown to Jason’s new bride that also kills the King of Corinth.
However, no one in the play except the Nurse thinks for a second that Medea could bring herself to murder her children. Medea even has an internal debate over whether she could bring herself to commit such a crime, showing once again that she is not completely in control of her emotions. In the end, she decides to go through with it rather than leave them “to the mockery of my enemies” (78). In the end, Medea appears in the sky in “a chariot drawn by dragons” (84). She has already killed the boys and she attributes their death to Jason’s “weakness” (86) and his “lustful heart and new marriage” (86). The play ends with Medea disappearing from view with the children.
Have you ever acted out in retribution for something done to you? Some examples could be if you punched someone for intentionally kicking you, or if someone deliberately hurt the feelings of someone you love and you retaliated in kind. You probably thought the punishment you received for your actions was too harsh or lenient. Many factors went into the decision of what discipline you received for this act and some were fair while others probably were not. This is true for the actions of many people in Aeschylus’s Oresteia. In each of the three plays, someone is seeking vengeance for a wrong done unto them, someone they know/love, or both. For this paper, I will be focusing on the vengeance enacted by Clytemnestra, Orestes, and the Fates. The vengeance that each person enacted was deemed just or unjust depending on many factors including the people who were doing the judging. Vengeance in Aeschylus’s Oresteia is viewed through the social lens of the society that it was enacted in. This lens is made up of the popular values, beliefs, and social conventions of the period as well as the judge’s personal views and/or experiences. These factors (such as gender and relation to the victim, as well as the presence or absence of transgressions on the characters part) lead to different opinions about the guilt of the accused individual and the individual themselves. The view of vengeance in Aeschylus’s Oresteia is very subjective.
Medea, an ancient Greek tragedy was written by Euripides during the classical era. This play focuses on Medea and how she plots the revenge against her unfaithful husband. Jason has left Medea and their children to go marry the princess of Corinth, Glauce. This was Medea’s motivation to kill Glauce and her own children. Similarly, in Hamlet, a tragedy written by William Shakespeare during the post classical era is about Hamlet and his revenge for his father on Claudius, Hamlet’s uncle, that took his father’s life, throne, and wife. Hamlet was motivated to take revenge after seeing the ghost which was his father in Act I Scene V. In both plays, the theme of revenge is present and is represented through the main characters. Medea and Hamlet are both characters who seek revenge on those who betray them to prove their control over their lives and to preserve their honor, which leads to death and suffering. In addition, both characters went mad in order to fulfil their plotted revenge. Also, while Medea successfully took revenge against her husband and lived, Hamlet received the ultimate price of death after his revenge.
Revenge is a kind of wild justice. Throughout many texts, the notion of justice has been debated on whether it is an act that vindicates those who have been wronged or an excuse to pursue revenge. Through Medea, Medea’s actions have been judged and criticised whether her murders are an act of justice that she deserves or simply the idea of inflicting pain on those she loathes.
Retribution is a monster of appetite, eternally bloodthirsty and never filled. Rage, resentment and envy does not change the heart of others. A massive success is the best revenge for a woman. It is the only way to get back at someone for a pain they have caused. In Euripides’ Medea and Ovid’s’ Metamorphoses, Medea and Juno exhibit vengeance to defend their dignity.
In Medea, a woman betrays her homeland because of her love for a man. Jason is the husband that she ferociously loves and makes sacrifices for. They have two children together: Antigone and Ismeme. In Jason's quest for the golden fleece, Medea assists him in multiple ways. One of the things she does to help their cause is bring
However at the end she responds to herself with, “The thing’s done now.” which affirms that the children’s fates are sealed. (1062) Her circumlocution shows that despite her efforts to consider an alternative, she still arrives at the same ending; killing her children. Her children will die because they delivered the gifts that killed Glauce, and Medea wanted Glauce killed because Jason betrayed her love, love which was induced by artificial means, therefore her final
There are also parts in the play where one may begin to have an understanding of Jason’s motives. In Jason’s first argumentative speech to Medea, he claims that money, possessions and social status is of no importance to him. He declares that his choice to marry the royal Glauce is of good intention, not merely because he is bored with Medea’s bed. Later, when Medea begs Jason to forgive her for her foolishness, he shows kindness and understanding towards her. After all that Medea said about him and his new wife-to-be, Glauce, he states that he is still willing to provide Medea and their sons with anything they may need. Medea pleads for Jason to convince Creon to let their sons stay in Corinth and Jason agrees to try to convince both Creon and Glauce to allow the boys to stay. Jason is still compassionate, showing at least some loyalty to Medea and his family. At the very end of the play, after Medea has killed Glauce, Creon and their two sons, Jason admits that she has ‘destroyed’ him. Jason is completely shattered; everything has been ripped away from him. It’s also unfair when Medea refuses to let Jason bury and mourn the bodies of their sons. Some may feel it is impossible to feel no sympathy for him.
Creon continues by telling Medea that he has heard of plans she has made to harm him, his daughter, and Jason and is exiling her
“You’re wise by nature, you know evil acts…” were the words used by Creon to describe Medea (Puchner 535). “Madness in great ones must not unwatched go” was said of Hamlet by King Claudius (Puchner1849). How different yet similar are the two descriptions of literature’s most discussed figures when it comes to revenge. Medea’s wisdom was known throughout Corinth because of her efforts to save Jason after he captured the Golden Fleece. Her anger after Jason’s betrayal was also known. Hamlet was known as the Prince of Denmark. His anger against King Claudius was only known to his trusted friend Horatio. Anger and vengeance are very dangerous if not handled carefully. The vengeance of Medea and Hamlet were quite different in approach, but both ended with tragic and deadly consequences.
Soon after this, Medea is able to manipulate Creon as well. When Creon banishes her, she tells him of her great concern for her children and eventually convinces him to allow her to stay in Corinth for one more day. This allows Medea to continue with her plan to take out revenge on Jason. Medea acts and speaks like a Homeric Greek warrior, but tricks Jason by acting submissively like the ideal Greek woman Jason wished her to be. Medea approaches Jason with gifts for his new wife, apologizes, and tells him that she realized he was right. This move allowed Medea to remove all skepticism from Jason's mind, and he willingly took the poisoned dress to his bride. In the course of a few hours, Medea's ultimate manipulation skills enable her to exploit four individuals who are crucial to her murder plot.